<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1803</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Louisiana Purchase</strong> was the acquisition by the United States of approximately 530 million acres (828,000&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi or 2,100,000&nbsp;km²) of French territory on April 30, 1803, at the cost of about 3¢ per acre (7¢ per ha); totaling $15 million or 80 million French francs. Including interest, America finally paid $23,213,568 for the Louisiana territory.[1] The land purchased contained all of present-day Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Minnesota south of Mississippi River, much of North Dakota, nearly all of South Dakota, northeastern New Mexico, northern Texas, the portions of Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado east of the Continental Divide, and Louisiana on both sides of the Mississippi River, including the city of New Orleans. (The Oklahoma Panhandle, and southwestern portions of Kansas and Louisiana were still claimed by Spain at the time of the Purchase.) In addition, the Purchase contained small portions of land that would eventually become part of the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. The land included in the purchase comprises around 23% of the territory of the modern United States.[1] The purchase was an important moment in the presidency of Thomas Jefferson. At the time, it faced domestic opposition as being possibly unconstitutional. Although he felt that the Constitution did not contain any provisions for acquiring territory, Jefferson decided to purchase Louisiana because he felt uneasy about France and Spain having the power to block American traders' access to the port of New Orleans.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1807</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;<strong>Valentine Dorsette Richard </strong>settle on the Biloxi peninsula.(American State Papers Vol. 3, p. 38)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1810</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Republic of West Florida </strong>was declared independent of Spain in September at St. Francisville, Louisiana.&nbsp; It lasted only forty-five days.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1811</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;When <strong>Dr. William 'Fat Doctor' Flood</strong>, the representative of Governor Claiborne of the Orleans Territory, was dispatched to the Mississippi coast to hoist the flag of the United States in January 1811, he found the population between the Pearl River and Biloxi to be about four hundred people chiefly French and Creoles.&nbsp; Dr. Flood in his report to Governor Claiborne wrote:&nbsp; proceeded to the Bay of Biloxi, where I found Mr. Ladnier (Jacques), and gave him the commission (Justice of the Peace).&nbsp; He is a man of excellent sense, but can neither read or write, nor can any&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inhabitants of the bay of Biloxi that I can hear of. They are, all along this beautiful coast, a primitive people, of mixed origin, retaining the gaiety and politeness of the French, blended with the abstemiousness and indolence of the Indian.&nbsp; They plant a little rice, and a few roots and vegetables, but depend on subsistence chiefly on game and fish.&nbsp; I left with all these appointees copies of the laws, ordinances, etc.&nbsp; But few laws will be wanted here.&nbsp; The people are universally honest.&nbsp; There are no crimes.&nbsp; The father of the family or the oldest inhabitant, settles all disputes......A more innocent and inoffensive people may not be found.&nbsp; They seem to desire only the simple necessities of life, and to be let alone in their tranquility.&nbsp; I am greatly impressed with the beauty and value of this coast.&nbsp; The high sandy lands, heavily timbered with pine, and the lovely bays and rivers, from Pearl River to Mobile will furnish New Orleans with a rich commerce, and with a delightful summer resort.&nbsp; For a cantonment or military post, in consideration of the health of the troops, this whole coast is admirably fitted.</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1812</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Jackson County was created on December 12, 1812</strong> as part of the Mississippi Territory.</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1817</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">Mississippi entered the Union <strong>on December 10th as the 20th State of the United States of America.</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px">1821</span></span></strong></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px">September 1821 Hurricane</span></span></strong></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-02%20at%208.48.49%20AM.png" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px">[The Daily Mississipian [Jackson], October 5, 1859, p. 2]</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px">1823</span></span></strong></p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>Cady&nbsp;</strong>[Cadet?]&nbsp;<strong>Lafontaine</strong>&nbsp;- Died, a few days past, at&nbsp;<strong>the Bay of Biluxi&nbsp;</strong>[sic], in the State of Mississippi, Cady Lafontaine,&nbsp;<strong>at the remarkable age of 137&nbsp;years.</strong>&nbsp;He retained his faculties until the day of his death.[The Louisiana State Gazette, New Orleans,&nbsp;December 18, 1823]</span></span><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1837</strong></span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>1832</strong><br />
<strong><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">Traveling from Mobile to New Orleans</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">&nbsp;</span><span style="color:darkblue">Jun 30</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">, 1832</span></strong><br />
<br />
<strong><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">Farmer’s Cabinet newspaper, Amherst, New Hampshire</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">Descriptions of Scenery in the West, from the Correspondent of the Young Men’s Advocate</span></strong><br />
<br />
<span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">New Orleans,</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">&nbsp;</span><span style="color:darkblue">May 1832</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">. – Messrs Editors –</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">&nbsp;</span></span></span><br />
<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">On the morning of the 11th, I left Mobile for this place. Our road lay through the pine woods to Pascagoula, and thence through Lakes Borgne and Pontchartrain. This is the great mail route to New Orleans. The mail is carried through daily, at an annual expense of thirty-seven thousand dollars. The distance is about one hundred and sixty or seventy miles. The first six or seven miles of the road is pleasant. After leaving Spring Hill, we entered the pine woods, and left behind us all traces of civilization. There are only four or five log cabins in a distance of forty miles. For the first fifteen or twenty miles, the road appears to have never been worked. The woods are open, and wherever the road is too much cut up, or where it becomes gullied by the rain, it is only necessary to strike a new path. Sometimes a man is sent out with an axe to select the most level course, and to blaze the trees between which the future road is to pass. There is little soil; there is, however, sufficient grass and weeds growing to hide the road. No underbrush hides the view, neither is it obstructed by the branches of the pines. As you ride along, you may see far into the woods on either side. There is a beauty and wildness in the prospect which is at first enchanting; but it becomes somewhat tedious, as you see only a succession of the same objects.</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">&nbsp;</span></span></span><br />
<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">It was a mild clear morning when we entered the forest. The straggling rays of the</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">&nbsp;</span><span style="color:darkblue">sun</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">, which had penetrated the matted covering above, were shining here and there, contrasting finely with the dark surrounding shades. These lights and shades were continually varying as we whirled rapidly along. The driver several times, for our gratification, would sound his hunter’s horn, which was echoed far and wide. After having passed over about twenty miles, we came to what are termed by the Spaniards, lagunes. These are low marshy spots, and sometimes valleys with running streams, the former covered, and the latter skirted, with a thick growth of underwood, which is almost impenetrable. It consists of low soft maple, and of a shrub which resembles our hazel bushes, called, in the language of this country, tight eye. (Think it must have been the titi shrub.) It is at least well named, for, to use a homely and common expression, you may as well look into a mill-stone as look into one of these lagunes. The deer, which abound, run into them to hide themselves, and to escape their pursuers. I did not see any, though I was told that frequently herds of them were seen bounding across the road at other times. There are in this part of the route some inconsiderable prairies, which are covered with a fine growth of grass, and which have a vegetable mold of six or eight inches in depth. They might be cultivated to some advantage, but the land is so much more fertile up the country, which can be purchased of government at the same prices, that few persons are disposed to settle upon this.</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">&nbsp;</span></span></span><br />
<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">The pine tract runs thirty or forty miles into the interior, and extends along a greater part of the northern shore of the Gulf of Mexico. The few persons who live upon it subsist chiefly by raising cattle and hogs. We saw a small herd of cattle feeding upon the prairies.</span></span></span><br />
<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">The planters in the interior of Alabama and Mississippi raise large numbers of cattle. One of them told me that the had several thousand of them ranging through the forest. They cost nothing except a few days’ labor, once or twice a year, in collecting them together. These are exciting periods. Several planters unite, and with their slaves construct a large pen. They then separate, and drive indiscriminately into it all the cattle which they can find. They are mounted upon small, tho’ fleet Indian ponies, and can ride through the open woods with great speed. In their hands they carry the cow whip, which is composed of a short stalk, eighteen or twenty inches in length, and a lash as many feet long, terminated with a strip of half tanned deer skin. Those who are skilled in its use throw it forward and with great precision and force, and with a noise as loud as the report of a rifle. The gentlemen who I mentioned above, said that sometimes spent several days in the woods, and encamped at night, when engaged in gathering his cattle.</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">&nbsp;</span></span></span><br />
<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">Our friend R., left Mobile a few days after our arrival there, and had been spending his time at one of the log cabins in the woods, and at Pascagoula. A residence in the pine woods is considered healthy in the summer, and they are resorted to by those who live in the cities and towns, and on the low grounds. The air is dry and pure, and a journey to the north is saved. This section of pine woods about Pascagoula is becoming a place of resort for the citizens of New Orleans. The Rev. Mr. Flint, who has written a sketch of the valley of the Mississippi, thus closes one of his poetic effusions on leaving the pine woods. They had formed a little settlement, which was nightly illuminated by the blazing torches of the pitch pine. They hunted in the wood and fished in the streams.</span><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">&nbsp;</span></span></span><br />
<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">Pascagoula is a small place upon the banks of the bay of the same name. The settlement consists of less than a dozen houses. These are small and neat. Here the steamboat comes up which runs across the lakes. We went on board about dark, and the next morning found ourselves near the farther shore of Lake Bourn (Borgne). The land, in the immediate vicinity of these lakes, is low and marshy, and covered with tall rank grass. Here and there are seen little rises of ground, with clumps of trees covered with a rich and beautiful foliage. Farther back from the shore the land is somewhat higher, and is inhabited, and is said to be well timbered. We had a flotilla upon Lake Bourn in the last war, which was captured by the British after a gallant defense. Lakes Bourn and Pontchartrain are united by what the French call the rigolet, which is a narrow, deep steam or channel, extending from one lake to the other, a distance of three or four miles. At the farther extremity of the rigolet, near Lake Pontchartrain, is situated Fort Pike. It occupies a small elevation, and is a neat, respectable fortification, garrisoned with a hundred and fifty or two hundred men. It was a fine clear morning when we entered the rigolet, and the brown walls and white sentry boxes of Fort Pike rose beautifully into view.</span></span></span><br />
<br />
&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">We soon saw into Lake Pontchartrain, and about ten o’clock arrived at the termination of the rail road which runs to New Orleans, four miles distant. It runs almost the whole distance through a swamp covered with large cypress. This rail road comes into the lower part of the city. Farther up, and parallel with it, runs the Marigny Canal, which leaves the lake at the bay on St. John, and terminates in a basin in the suburbs of the city. Still farther up is the new canal of the New Orleans Banking and Canal Company, which is not completed, and which will cost not far from half a million dollars. The trade of the lakes must be very considerable to warrant the construction of all these works. An important trade is carried on through the lakes with Mobile, Pascagoula, Mandeville, Pensacola and Apalachicola. The northern shores of the lakes will also furnish fuel and timber for the city. This trade now employs between three and four hundred vessels of the smaller size. In my next I will endeavor to give to you a view of New Orleans.&nbsp;</span></span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px">1837</span></span></strong></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong><em>The Picayune</em></strong> began publishing it newspaper at<strong> 38 Gravier Street at NOLA</strong> on January 25, 1837 by <strong>Francis A. Lumsden </strong>and<strong> George Wilkins Kendall </strong>(1809-1867). &nbsp;The four page journal cost 25 cents per week or 6 1/4 cents per issue, the value of a <strong>Spanish picayune</strong>. &nbsp;A three months subcription was $2.50. &nbsp;By early&nbsp;<strong>November 1837, </strong>the paper became <strong><em>The Daily Picayune. </em></strong>&nbsp;In 1914, <strong><em>The Daily Picayune</em> merged </strong>with<strong>&nbsp;T<em>he New Orleans Times-Democrat</em> </strong>to become <strong><em>The</em> Times-Picayune.</strong></span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong><em>Alert</em></strong>, a steam packet based in NOLA, was <strong>stopping at Biloxi as early as July 1837</strong>.(The Picayune July 23, 1837, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>The Diocese of Natchez&nbsp;was established by the Roman Catholic Church on July 28, 1837</strong>.(The Mississippi Register, August 3, 1962)</span></span></p>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">1838</span></strong></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In July, <strong>politicians at NOLA who overheated in the recent elections</strong> were advised to <strong>relax and enjoy a sojourn to Pass Christian or Biloxi </strong>on the <strong><em>Isabella</em></strong>.(The Daily Picayune, July 4, 1838, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">1839</span></strong></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Earnest H. Ogden</strong>, Esquire, <strong>member of the Natchez bar</strong> died of Yellow Fever on the 7th of October at Biloxi. &nbsp;He had been to Mobile on a pleasure excursion and caught fever. &nbsp;Mr. Ogden was a native of New Jersey.(The Newark Daily Advertiser, October 15, 1839)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">1840</span></span></strong></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">A <strong>German at Biloxi cut his throat with a razor</strong> on Sunday morning severing the wind pipe. &nbsp;No physician being immediately at hand <strong>the wound was sewed up by a gentleman entirely unaquainted with surgery</strong> and it is thought that it will not prove fatal. &nbsp;The cause of the intended suicide is said to be Love.(The Daily Picayune, August 25, 1840, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1841</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Harrison County, Mississippi was formed from Hancock and Jackson County</strong>, Mississippi on February 5, 1841.</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1842</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The&nbsp;<strong>road from Pt. Caddy to Henderson Pt. on the Bay of St. Louis was declared a Public Road</strong>.&nbsp;<strong>Charles Bellman</strong>&nbsp;was appointed overseer of this road from Pt. Caddy to the west line of the 1<sup>st</sup>&nbsp;Police [Beat] District.[Minutes Harrison County Board of Police, March 14, 1842, p. 18]</span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtejustify"><strong><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">Benjamin Holley appointed Captain of the police patrol at Biloxi.</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px">[Minutes Harrison County Board of Police, July 4, 1842, p. 26]</span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1843</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>American Hotel was in operation by Edward Milford</strong> of Mobile at Biloxi near Elmore's Wharf (probably Jacob Elmer's). &nbsp;It was two-story edifice with a dining hall, superior cook, and good wines.(The Daily Picayune, June 9, 1843, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In August 1843, <strong>Annette 'Manette' Fayard Leader</strong>&nbsp;(1791-1853) sold for $200 a <strong>lot on Pass Christian Road</strong> [1/2 acre, east and west] and 150 feet deep to the<strong> Catholic Diocese of Natchez, which would become the site of the Nativity B.V.M</strong>. Catholic Church.(Harrison Co., Ms. Land Deed Bk. 1, p. 355)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1845</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Batchelor's Hall</strong>, a tourist residence, J.B. Currie, proprietor, had a ten-pin alley attached to the building.(The Daily Picayune, July 2, 1845, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1846</strong></span></span></p>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Peter Flanagan</strong>, early Biloxi hotelier, died in 1846 at Biloxi.</span></span></div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; </span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In October, <strong>John Crusius </strong>(1806-1866) conveyed a lot with 1/2 arpent on the Gulf and running north for 640 feet to <strong>John Hahn</strong> (1806-1847) with provisions to cut timber on his lands to the north and to establish roads north and east of this tract. &nbsp;The consideration was $2400. &nbsp;<strong>The Magnolia Hotel </strong>would open here before 1850 under the proprietorship of <strong>Elizabeth Hahn</strong> (1812-1904). &nbsp;Mr. Crusius from NOLA had acquired 20 arpents here in July 1845 from Mistress Cecelia Saralde? for $325. &nbsp;Charles Dantonet (1806-1874), also from NOLA, had sold her this parcel in May 1836.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 3, p. 267 and Bk. &nbsp; )</span></span></div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In October, <strong>Frederick A. Reynoir</strong> and <strong>Louise Hugon Renoir</strong> (1801-1891) sold for $40 a lot on <strong>Reynoir Street to the 1st Baptist Church of Biloxi. &nbsp;</strong>Trustees for the church were: Alexander Bookton; C. Taylor; John Herrington; and J.C. Woolworth. &nbsp;The Baptist Church lot had 80-feet on Reynoir Street and ran 88-feet to the west. &nbsp;It was bounded on the north by the L&amp;N Railroad. &nbsp;<strong>John C. Bradford</strong> acquired this property in July 1885 for $275 and conveyed it to <strong>Pauline Trenchard Querens</strong> on NOLA in October 1885 for $450. &nbsp;The Biloxi City Park was situated on this lot for many years.(Harrison Co. Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 3, p. 270, Bk. 21, p. 18 and Bk. 21, p. 30)</span></span></div>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1847</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;<strong>John Hahn</strong> (1806-1847), proprietor of the Magnolia Hotel died.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On June 22nd, J<strong>ohn Fayard sold the Federal Government a tract of land at Biloxi to build a lighthouse</strong>. &nbsp;The consideration was $600.(Harrison Co., Ms. Land Deed Bk. 3, p. 392)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1848</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-09-04%20at%2012.25.18%20PM.png" style="height:100px; width:347px" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:12px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">[The Charleston [SC] Courier, August 3, 1848, p. 2]</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John W. Nixon</strong> (1782?-1849), Irish immigrant and veteran of the War of 1812, was operating the <strong>Biloxi House</strong>, a tourist home or inn, on East Beach west of Bellman Street.(The Daily Picayune, September 7, 1848, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1849</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John McGuire who lived and operated a grist mill</strong> on the north side of the Pass Christian Road-Point Caddy Road [Howard Avenue] west of Lameuse Street died. &nbsp;Mary McGuire, his widow, petitioned the Harrison County Chancery Court to sell their Biloxi property and was granted her wish in April 1849.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Chancery Court Minute Bk. 1, p. 179)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">Madame Pradat's <strong>Live Oak Hotel</strong> was operating on Biloxi's East Beach road.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John W. Nixon</strong> (1782?-1849) <strong>died</strong> at Biloxi on June 17th.</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1850</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Biloxi was incorporated</strong> on February 18, 1850.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-09-03%20at%201.27.03%20PM_0.png" style="height:100px; width:242px" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:12px">[The Trenton [NJ] State Gazette, February 21, 1850, p. 2]</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Biloxi had at least four hotels</strong> operating in the summer of 1850: <strong>The Shady Grove</strong>, proprietor John Coates; <strong>The Green Oaks</strong> of Madame Pradat; <strong>The Biloxi House</strong> operated by Adeline Copp Nixon and <strong>The</strong> <strong>Magnolia Hotel</strong>&nbsp;leased to Mrs. C.M. Hunt.(The Daily Picayune, June 8, 1850, p. 8 and August 1, 1850, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1851</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>First America's Cup race sailed at the Isle of Wight</strong> on August 22nd.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><em>The Daily Picayune</em> reminded readers that it was cheaper to vacation at Pass Christian, Biloxi, Pascagoula, Mobile Bay, and Point Clear and other nearby resorts rather than traveling North. &nbsp;The following inns were available: the <strong>Pass Christian Hotel</strong> by Montogomery, at Pass Christian; <strong>Biloxi House</strong> by Nixon, Biloxi; <strong>Green Oaks Hotel</strong>, by Mrs. Pradat, Biloxi; <strong>Magnolia Hotel</strong> by Mrs.Hunt, Biloxi; <strong>Shady Grove</strong> by Coates, Biloxi; <strong>East Pascagoula Hotel</strong> by Boyd &amp; Simpson; <strong>Point Clear Hote</strong>l, Baldwin County, Alabama; <strong>Daphne House</strong>, eastern shore of Mobile Bay; and also <strong>Cooper's Well</strong> in Mississippi.<em>(The Daily Picayune, May 27, 1851, p. 2)&nbsp;</em></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1852</strong></span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-19%20at%2012.42.45%20PM.png" style="height:200px; width:483px" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:12px">[The Daily Picayune, February 4, 1852, p. 2]</span></span></strong></p>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Twenty tracts of land each having one arpent on the Gulf and being between 12 or 15 arpents deep were for sal</strong>e at Biloxi.(The Daily Alabama Journal, April 26, 1852, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Captain Fry</strong> of the steamboat, <strong><em>D.J. Day</em></strong>, will make regular semi-monthly trips between Wetumpka, Alabama and New Orleans with stops at Pascagoula, Biloxi, Pass Christian and Bay St. Louis.(The Daily Alabama Journal, May 28, 1852, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Benjamin L.C. Wailes&nbsp;</strong>(1797-1852), <strong>State Geologist</strong> of Mississippi, viewed the village of <strong>Back Bay, present day D'Iberville</strong>, from Biloxi on August 27, 1852, and observed the following: &nbsp;<strong><em>Rode in the morning, after a call from Judge Smith, to Back Bay 2 miles, which is the extension of the Bay of Baluxi (sic).&nbsp; Found a steam ferry running across where it seems to be a mile in width.&nbsp; The extensive brick yard of Mr. Kendall, where bricks are made on a very extensive scale from dry compressed earth by steam power, was in sight of the opposite side, about two miles distant.&nbsp; A number of small craft were in the Bay, and several along the shore were undergoing repairs.&nbsp; Several steam mills, which are very numerous on the Bay, for sawing pine timber, were also in view.</em></strong>(Wailes, 1854)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-19%20at%2012.07.27%20PM.png" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>[The Cincinnati Daily Gazette, September 2, 1852, p. 2.</strong></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-19%20at%2012.52.17%20PM.png" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:12px">[The Alabama Planter, September 4, 1852, p. 6]</span></span></strong></p>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1853</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Batchelor's Hall</strong>, an inn, run by <strong>Sol Mills</strong> (b. 1818) was operating, at Biloxi.(The Daily Picayune, June 9, 1843, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Yellow Fever struck Biloxi on June 29th</strong>, when it was brought to Biloxi by someone from New Orleans. &nbsp;<strong>Dr. Andreas Byrenheidt</strong> (1768-1858) reported following the crisis that there were &nbsp;<strong>533 cases of Yellow Fever in Biloxi</strong>, which resulted in <strong>111 deaths.</strong> &nbsp;He estimated that the population at this time was 5500 people, which included summer tourists and those fleeing the epidemic at New Orleans.(Testimony of Dr. A. Byrenheidt, M.D. in Report of the Sanitary Commission of NOLA on the Yellow Fever of 1853, 1854, p. 540)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-19%20at%2012.00.47%20PM.png" /> &nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:12px">[The Daily Picayune, August 23, 1853, p. 1]</span></span></strong></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>1853 Yellow Fever epidemic at New Orleans killed about 10,000</strong> of the 30,000 persons infected with the mosquito borne virus. &nbsp;It earned the <strong>Crescent City the epithet "Necropolis of the South".</strong>&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In September, <strong>Frederick A. Renoir</strong> sold for $50 to the <strong>Congregation of the Hebrew Society of NOLA</strong> a tract of land on the west side of Reynoir Street. &nbsp;It was to be used as a <strong>Jewish Cemetery</strong>. &nbsp;Trustees for the Jewish Cemetery were: <strong>Leopold Klopman</strong>&nbsp;(1810-1873) and <strong>Adolph S. Marks</strong>&nbsp;(1791-1867) of New Orleans and <strong>Samuel</strong> <strong>Friedlander</strong>&nbsp;(1813-1886) of Biloxi.(Harrison Co. Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 6, p. 518)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-19%20at%2012.18.03%20PM.png" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:12px">[The Daily Picayune, October 11, 1853, p. 2]</span></span></strong></p>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1855</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Mrs. Adeline Copp Nixon</strong>&nbsp;(1798-1878) gave <strong>John Moore</strong> of NOLA a <strong>one year lease</strong>&nbsp;for $200 on the east end of &nbsp;<strong>Batchelor's Hall</strong>&nbsp;, a long building attached to the Biloxi Hotel. &nbsp;Mr. Moore had use of the <strong>billiard table and liquors in the bar and all the furniture</strong>.(Harrison Co. Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 7, p. 496)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Hurricane of 1855 of September 15th-16th</strong> hit near Bay St. Louis, and destroyed bath houses, piers and many houses at Biloxi between its three miles of waterfront development from west of the Biloxi Lighthouse to Point Cadet.(The New Orleans Daily Picayune, September 20, 1855, p. 1 and Sullivan, p. 135)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1856</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;The Last Islands [Isles Dernieres] <strong>Hurricane mauls this seaside resort off of Terrebonne Parish</strong>, Louisiana on August 11th and kills about 200 people. &nbsp;According to modern estimates by the NOAA the storm was probably a Category 4 hurricane with central pressure of around 934 mb. It tied with Hurricane Hugo as the 10th most intense hurricane to hit the mainland United States.</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1857</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Pierre Pascal Hugonin </strong>(1801-1857), native of France and<strong> Justice of the Peace </strong>at Biloxi, died on September 7, 1857.&nbsp; He was replaced&nbsp; by <strong>William H. Norberg</strong> (1829-1860+), native of Massachusetts.</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1858</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Dr. Andreas Byrenheidt</strong> (1786-1858), Biloxi physician and native of France, <strong>expired on March 4th</strong>.&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>T.H. Jenks</strong>, late of the <strong>East Pascagoula Hotel</strong>, and <strong>N.B. Cook</strong>, recently of the <strong>Biloxi House</strong>, have leased the <strong>Live Oak Hotel, formerly Nixon's Hotel.</strong>(The Daily Picayune, September 10, 1858, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1859</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In 1859, <strong>Joseph H. Bellande</strong> (1813-1907) sold to <strong>Bishop William H. Elder of the Diocese of Natchez</strong> a lot measuring 192 x 100 feet for the <strong>first site of St. Alphonsus Catholic Church</strong> in Ocean Springs on Porter Avenue &nbsp;for $100.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John Lynch</strong>, proprietor of the <strong>Woodbine Cottage</strong>, had space for $25.00 month-children and servants half price-table furnished with best that NOLA and Biloxi markets can provide.(The Daily Picayune, September 10, 1859, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1860</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John B. Toulme</strong> (1795-1860), native of Saint Domingue, now Haiti, <strong>expired at Bay St. Louis</strong>, on August 17th. &nbsp;He was a pioneer settler of this village and assisted General Andrew Jackson (1767-1845) with information on the British invasion forces in this area during the War of 1812.(The Daily Picayune, August 25, 1860, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1861</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;The <strong>War of the Rebellion</strong> or American Civil War <strong>commences on April 12, 1861 </strong>in South Carolina. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>“The Biloxi Rifles”,</strong> Company E, <strong>3rd Mississippi Infantry Regiment, C.S.A</strong>., were sworn into State military service on May 21, 1861 and mustered in Confederate service on October 5, 1861.(Howell, To Live and Die in Dixie, 1991, p. 565)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1862</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;<strong>'The Capture of Biloxi during the War Between the States'</strong>-published October 10, 1885 and written by Major W.T. Walthall.[see reprint in <em>The Daily Herald, June 4, 1941, p. 5</em>]</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1865</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Civil War ends on April 9, 1865 in Virginia.</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">1866</span></span></strong></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>U. Cousine of Biloxi won a silver medal </strong>at the Lousiana State Fair for <strong>the best display of lemons.</strong>(The Daily Picayune, November 25, 1866, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1870</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Captain Charles N. Walker</strong>&nbsp;(1821-1870), age 49 years and steamboat captain who worked between NOLA and Mobile,&nbsp;<strong>died at Ocean Springs&nbsp;</strong>on January 15, 1870.(The New Orleans Times, January 18,1870, p.6)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On October 29, 1870, the <strong>New Orleans, Mobile, &amp; Chattanooga Railroad</strong> (Chartered 1866) <strong>completed the rail line between Mobile and New Orleans.</strong> &nbsp;Rail service commenced on November 21, 1870.</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1871</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>N.O.M. &amp; C. was reorganized on April 18, 1871 </strong>and became the New Orleans, Mobile &amp; Texas Railroad.</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1873</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;<strong>The New Orleans, Mobile &amp; Texas Railroad was foreclosed upon in the U.S. Circuit Court</strong> [Henry J. Gardner and Peter B. Butler v. N.O.M. &amp; T.] for default of payment of interest on its $4 million in indebtedness to its bondholders. &nbsp;The road missed interest payments due in October 1872 and April 1873. &nbsp;It was ordered sold at auction in six months.(The New York Times, April 15, 1873, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1874</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-02-13%20at%209.12.31%20AM.png" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">[The Weekly Clarion [Jackson, Mississippi], July 16, 1874, p. 1]</span></p>

<p class="rtejustify">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Joseph Santini</strong> (1817-1874), native of Trieste, Italy, expired on August 11, 1874 at St. Christian, Basse Pyrenees, France. &nbsp;His corporal remians were interred in the St. Louis Cemetery No. 3 at NOLA in October 1874.(The Daily Picayune, August 12, 1874, p. 4 and October 17, 1874, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Bossell%20House-1874%20advert..jpg" style="height:100px; width:366px" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">[The NOLA Bulletin, November 27, 1874, p. 6]</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1875</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;On January 13th, <strong>Arthur Reynoir</strong> and spouse sold <strong>Mother Mary Austin Carrole</strong> representing <strong>St. Alphonsus Convent of Mercy</strong> for $1000, a lot on the <strong>west side of Reynoir Street with buildings and improvements</strong>. &nbsp;The lot had 200 feet on Reynoir Street and was 85 feet deep.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 14, p. 320)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">An editorial in <em>The Star of Pascagoula</em> blasted the <strong>New Orleans, Mobile &amp; Texas Railroad </strong>as <strong><em>"nothing more that or less than a gang of highway robbers, entitled to as little consideration from the people as so many bandits who rob and plunder the weak and defenseless in defiance of the law. &nbsp;The only remedy for these wrongs is the sale of the road. &nbsp;Refuse to patronize the road, even if undergo inconvenience in doing so."</em></strong>(The Star of Pascagoula, May 22, 1875, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In June, <strong>D.B. Seal, District Attorney </strong>of Hancock County f<strong>iled litigation against the New Orleans, Mobile, &amp; Chattanooga Railroad</strong> (sic?). &nbsp;The plaintiffs were asking that the railroad build a draw bridge across the Pearl River. &nbsp;The present bridge was blocking the East Pearl River channel, which was needed for the lumber trade.(The Star of Pascagoula, June 12, 1875, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Peter J. Montross </strong>(1841-1897), native of Cuba, was the <strong>proprietor</strong> of the <strong>Bossell House</strong>.(The Daily Picayune, June 13, 1875, p. )</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In the summer of 1875, the <strong>Shady Grove Hotel</strong> was managed by <strong>Urbain Rambaut </strong>(1832-1889), a native of France. &nbsp;The hostelry was in the process of renovation and refurbishment. &nbsp;Professor Knapp, a local guide with a horse and buggy, was available for fishing in Back Bay or leading local history tours.(The Star of Pascagoula, June 26, 1875, p. 1.)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">1876</span></span></strong></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-19%20at%204.06.24%20PM.png" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px">[The New Orleans Republican, March 26, 1876, p. 6]</span></span></strong></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1877</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The 1st Baptist Church of Biloxi&nbsp;</strong>[Colored]<strong>&nbsp;began in 1877. &nbsp;The&nbsp;</strong><strong>Reverend Pleasant Gill, an ante-bellum preacher, held the</strong><strong>ir first church service in an old shack near the L&amp;N Railroad depot.</strong>(The Daily Herald, April 22, 1940, p. 5)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Captain T. Frederick Nehl</strong>s (1811-1877), Prussian immigrant <strong>mariner and mail carrier</strong>, expired on March 7, 1877.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On April 1st, the <strong>New Orleans, Mobile &amp; Texas Railroad almost doubled it fare to $.05 per mile.</strong> &nbsp;Before the passenger rate increase the cost of a round trip ticket to New Orleans from Pascagoula was $5 and to Mobile $2. &nbsp;After increase, the New Orleans fare was $10 and that to Mobile $4.10.(The Star of Pascagoula, April 6, 1877, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1878</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John Brill </strong>(1802-1878), native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvanisa and <strong>first Sheriff of Harrison County, Mississippi expired</strong> on June 24th at Pass Christian. &nbsp;Mr. Brill <strong>was active in creating Harrison County from Hancock County</strong> and served th enew county in various political offices.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, June 28, 1878, p. 3) &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>W.K.M. Dukate</strong> of Wheatland, Indiana married <strong>Linda Lienhard</strong> of Biloxi on April 27th in Biloxi.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, May 3, 1878, p. 3) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Adeline Copp Nixon</strong> (1798-1878), native of Dover, New Hampshire, <strong>retired Biloxi hotel proprietor</strong> and widow of John W. Nixon (1782?-1849), Irish immigrant and NOLA attorney, died on June 28th.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, July 7,1878, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>James Fewell</strong> (1808-1878) native of Virginia and <strong>Postmaster at Biloxi</strong> from October 1852 until December 1853 expired on December 13, 1878. &nbsp;Dr. Theruber of new Orleans acquired the Fewell place on Back Bay in October 1880.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, December 13,1878, p. 2 and October 22, 1880, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1879</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-02-13%20at%2011.01.47%20AM.png" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, February 7, 1879, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<div class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</div>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-02-13%20at%2011.14.41%20AM.png" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, February 7, 1879, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Jefferson Davis</strong> (1808-1889) acquired the orange orchard of <strong>Mrs. S.A. Dorsey at Beauvoir</strong> for $5000.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, February 28, 1879)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The new railroad bridge will soon be finished</strong>.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, September 12, 1879)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Professor D.D. Cowan opened the Public School on 1 September.</strong><span style="background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)">(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, September 12, 1879)</span></span></span></p>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1880</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In January,<strong> the residence of Dr. J.Y. Hollingsworth</strong>, near Beauvoir, was <strong>destoyed by fire</strong>. &nbsp;The fire &nbsp;began when a spark from the chimney fell on the roof. &nbsp;Shortly the house and kitchen were burning. &nbsp;Dr. Hollingswoth salvaged very little of his domiciles contents.(The Pascagoula-Democrat Star, January 30, 1880, p. 3)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On Saturday, January 3rd, there was<strong> launched at Point Caddie a fine schooner</strong>, built by Marsh Ridgeway for Messrs. Lopez &amp; Co., and is intended to be used in the oyster business. &nbsp;She is a fine craft, and the builder deserves credit for the workmanship manner in which the craft is built. &nbsp;Wine flowed freely and the launch will long be remembered.(The Pascagoula-Democrat-Star, "Biloxi Items", January 30, 1880, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Biloxi was nearly deserted on Mardi Gras </strong>day.&nbsp; The <u><strong><em>Camelia </em></strong></u>carried nearly seventy-five passengers to NOLA.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, February 20, 1880, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">Federal employees were <strong>removing the Biloxi Lighthouse dwelling because of its dilapidated condition</strong>.&nbsp; It will be placed by a neat residence.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, March 5, 1880, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>F.W. Elmer is building a structure on the beach in front of his saloon</strong>.&nbsp; It is intended for a restaurant.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, March 26, 1880, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Biloxi's streets have been throughly repaired, a shell road has been built along&nbsp;&nbsp;the beach, the facilities to procure, fish, oysters and meat are ample, and in fact almost anything that may be desired can be procured at moderate rates</strong>.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, March 26, 1880, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">A <strong>duel was fought near Biloxi between Captain Cain and Captain Sambola of New Orleans</strong>.&nbsp; Colt pistols were used, but after an exchange of&nbsp; gunfire with no one hit, the <strong>friends of the combatants succeeded in finding an amicable&nbsp;settle- ment</strong> and the dispute ended with a reconciliation between the warring parties.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, April 9, 1880, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>L&amp;N Railroad leased the property of the N.O.M. &amp; T. Railroad</strong> on May 8, 1880.&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Messrs. Lopez &amp; Co. have their new schooner</strong>, the <strong><em>Castelaro</em></strong>, employed in bringing oysters from outside and planting them on their bedding grounds. &nbsp;These gentlemen intend to keep well supplied with oysters, and be ready to meet the demand when the trade opens again.[The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, 'Biloxi Items' May 21, 1880, p. 3]</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In May 1880, <strong>Theodore M. Scheffer (</strong>1849-1884), a Prussian immigrant, <strong>opened his establishment, the Scheffer House, for guests.</strong> &nbsp;It had been placed in first class condition for the season.(1880 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census T9_648, p. 9, ED 139 and The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, May 28, 1880, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Margaret Henley </strong>(1813-1880), wife of <strong>John Henley Sr. died on August 1st</strong>.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, August 20, 1880, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1881</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In April 1881, Father Francis Janssens (1843-1897), Dutch born missionary Catholic priest, was <strong>appointed the fourth Bishop of the Diocese of Natchez.</strong></span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">W<strong>illiam Gorenflo, James Mayfield, </strong>and<strong> J.D. Mayer</strong> were appointed by the Board of Supervisors to form a committee to draft an <strong>ordinance to regulate the harvesting and cultivating of oysters in Harrison County, Mississippi.(</strong>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, May 20, 1881, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On <strong>October 5, 1881, the L&amp;N Railroad purchased all the assets of the reorganized New Orleans, Mobile, &amp; Texas Railroad for $6,000,000. &nbsp;</strong>This acquisition included the Ponchartrain Railroad which ran seven mile from New Orleans to Milneburg on Lake Ponchartrain, and the one hundred forty-one miles of track, depots, the creosote plant at West Pascagoula (Gautier), stations, station houses, section houses, rolling stock, etc. between Mobile and New Orleans. (JXCO, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 5, p. 299)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1883</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>City of Biloxi organized its fire company on September 3rd&nbsp;</strong>at the Montross Hotel. &nbsp;F.W. Elmer, pres.; Will C. Grant, v. pres.; P.J. Montross, treas.; Phil McCabe, foreman; Thomas P. Bachino, 1st assist.; and Frank Greveniing, 2nd assist. &nbsp;Others involved: Leon Bertoli; Joe Tucei; John B. Bachino; N. Petrie; Albert Deck; Thomas McCabe; Daniel Bachino; J.M. Ritch; M.J. Grady; George H. Schrieber and N. Sullivan.(The Daily Picayune, September 6, 1883, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Raymond Caillavet </strong>(1838-1898), <strong>Commissioner of Streets</strong>, started a work gang to <strong>open a road from Porter west to the city limits to connect with the Beach Road to Mississippi City</strong>.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, October 5, 1883, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1884</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><em><strong>The&nbsp;Gulf Coast Advertiser</strong></em><strong> reports that Biloxi appears to be the favorite place for Louisiana politicians</strong>.(The Daily Picayune, September 6, 1884, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>George Washington Wilkes </strong>(1854-1915) and <strong>M.B. Richmond</strong> commenced<em><strong>&nbsp;The Biloxi Herald</strong></em>. &nbsp;Every Coast now had a newspaper except Ocean Springs and Mississippi City. &nbsp;Inland there were weekly journals at Handsboro and Stonewall.(The Daily Picayune September 6, 1884, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The&nbsp;<strong>Gulf Coast College was incorporated and established at Handsboro</strong>, Mississippi in September 1884.(The Daily Picayune, September 29, 1884, p. 6)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1885</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Barataria Canning Company</strong> was founded.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Charles Turner Howard </strong>(1832-1885), father of Biloxi philanthropist, <strong>Frank T. Howard</strong> (1855-1911) and <strong>Harry T. Howard</strong> (1856-1930) and proprietor of the Louisiana State Lottery at NOLA, died on May 31st.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Mayor Jean Alphonse Bousquet</strong>&nbsp;(1845-1908) was <strong>elected to the Harrison County, Mississippi Board of Supervisors</strong> to fill the vacancy of <strong>John E. Morrison </strong>(1838-1911)<strong> who resigned</strong>.(The Daily Picayune August 31, 1885, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John C. Bradford</strong>&nbsp;acquired the Baptist Church and lot on Reynoir Street opposite the L&amp;N Depot in July 1885 for $275 from C. Taylor, Oscar D. Bowen, George W. Andrews and S.T. Elder, Trustees of the Baptist Church. He conveyed it to&nbsp;<strong>Pauline Jeanne Trenchard Querens</strong>&nbsp;(1861-1928) on NOLA in October 1885 for $450. &nbsp;The Biloxi City Park was situated on this lot for many years.(Harrison Co. Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 21, p. 18 and Bk. 21, p. 30)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1886</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The&nbsp;<strong>Mayor planned to veto the action of the Town Council in reducing the cost of a bar room license from $125 to $50&nbsp;</strong>unless the&nbsp;<strong>bar keepers agree to pay $20 each towards the expenses&nbsp;</strong>of the Police department.(The Daily Telegraph [Monroe, Louisiana], April 28, 1886)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In the fall, <strong>Biloxi was under quarantine due to suspected cases of Yellow Fever</strong>. &nbsp;No mail or freight was permitted to stop and <strong>Ocean Springs maintained 'the strickest shotgun quarantine against Biloxi'</strong>. &nbsp;<strong>Mayor Jean A.</strong> <strong>Bousquet</strong> (1845-1908) left for NOLA and remained there so long that <strong>Phil McCabe was elected by the Town Council as Mayor Pro Tem</strong>.&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The&nbsp;<strong>quarantine at Biloxi shut down the seafood industry here</strong><span style="background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255)">. </span></span><span style="background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px">&nbsp;The Biloxi Canning Company closed its doors on 22 October and released its approximately 70 employees. &nbsp;These laborers were entirely dependent upon the factory for their subsistence.(</span><span style="background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px">The Daily Picayune, September 4, 1886, p. 8 and October 21, 1886, p. 1, and The</span><span style="background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px"> Pascagoula Democrat-Star, October 22, 1886, p. 2)</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The British steamer&nbsp;<em><strong>Harbinger </strong></em>was the <strong>first steamship to load Mississippi yellow pine lumber at Ship Island</strong> anchorage. &nbsp;By 1894, this insular port was averaging twelve landings each year to export yellow pine to South America and Europe.(The Biloxi Herald, October 6, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Nicholas M. Benach</strong>i (1812-1886), Greek immigrant and cotton broker at NOLA <strong>died intestate</strong> on February 8, 1886, at New Orleans. &nbsp;He left the following lands at Biloxi with an estimated value of $15,000. &nbsp;Bounded South by the front bay or Gulf of Mexico. &nbsp;East by property now owned by John Cleary. &nbsp;North by Section line and West by the estate of Jacques Fayard having a front on said front bay or Gulf of Mexico of three hundred and twenty two feet-six inches running back due North between parallel lines to said section line a distance of 40 arpents more or less. &nbsp;Also one lot bounded South by lands of Henry Miller. &nbsp;West by property now owned by Dr. Maloney. &nbsp;North by the property of Charles Fayard. &nbsp;East by above described lot measuring North and South eight hundred feet, East and West.(Harrison County Chancery Court Cause No. 676, August 1894)&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1887</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The<strong>&nbsp;J</strong><strong>eff Davis Light Artillery Company&nbsp;</strong>was <strong>formed at Biloxi in July 1887. &nbsp;Carey Holleman </strong>(1860-1935) as named<strong> Captain </strong>and 24 men were enrolled<strong>.</strong>(The Daily Picayune July 13, 1887, p. 2)&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1888</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In January,&nbsp;<strong>Dr. R.D. Murray was ordered by the US Marine Hospital Service at Key West</strong>, as his service at Ship Island quarantine station had expired.(The Biloxi Herald, January 21, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Colored Teacher's institute met in the Handsboro school house</strong> on January 14th. &nbsp;The work of the 3rd institute was assigned as follows: <strong>W.A. Howard</strong>-spelling and reading; <strong>L.C. Henry</strong>-geography and history; <strong>W.P. Locker</strong>-arithemetic and grammar; <strong>J.H. Dale-</strong>natural philosophy and physiolgy. Pass Christian was selected as the next meeting place.(The Biloxi Herald, January 25, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In February, the&nbsp;<strong>Mississippi House passed a bill authorizing the removal of the Ship Island Quarantine station</strong>. &nbsp;It had passed the Senate earlier. &nbsp;$45, 000 was appropriated for the removal project.(The Biloxi Herald, February 25, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In January, the new <strong>Quarantine Station in the Chandeleur Islands was completed </strong>by carpenters and laborers from Biloxi and the doctor and his baggage were relocated from Ship Island to the new station. &nbsp;The move resulted from the general feeling that the Ship Island quarantine station was a constant menace and cause for alarm to those living at a distance and deterred them from visiting the Mississippi coast in the summer vacation months.(The Biloxi Herald, February 15, 1888, p. 8)&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In February,&nbsp;<strong>Harry T. Howard&nbsp;</strong>(1856-1930) and Genevieve Cottraux ruled Carnival at NOLA.(The Times Picayune, February 20, 1966, p. 117)&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In March 1888, Biloxi was described as follows: <em><strong>Standing on the front gallery of the Montross Hotel one looking to the Gulf would see the line of unsightly bath and oyster houses, dilapidated wharves, and high piles of oyster shelves. &nbsp;If the bath and oyster houses are to remain in cannot they be made neat and handsome and the large oyster piles-are they to remain and offend the eyes and noses of the denizens and visitors? &nbsp;The 'passenger depot' at this place of the L&amp;N RR is a disgrace to the town and the road.</strong></em>(The Biloxi Herald, March 17, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In February, <strong>Harry&nbsp;T. Howard </strong>(1856-1930), <strong>Captain of the Jeff Davis Light Artillery</strong>, was been promoted to Major, 1st Battalion of the Mississippi National Guard. <strong>&nbsp;Constantine Olivari </strong>(1841-1894)<strong> was elected Captain</strong> of the Jeff Davis Light Artillery in March to replace Captain Howard. &nbsp;Captain Olivari received his commission from Governor Lowry in late May.(The Biloxi Herald, February 14, 1888, p. 8, March 10, 1888, p. 8 and June 2, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Lamar Guards, a military company of heavy artillery</strong>, was organized at Biloxi in January. &nbsp;Officers were: <strong>Henry J. Meaut</strong>&nbsp;(1842-1934), Captain; <strong>Carey Holliman&nbsp;</strong>(1860-1935) 1st Lieutenant; <strong>Thomas D. Bachino</strong>&nbsp;(1861-1891), 2nd Lieutenant; <strong>Joseph Ott</strong>&nbsp;(1855-1932), Sgt.-at-Arms; and <strong>Dan MCDonald</strong>, secretary. &nbsp;The officers were commissioned by Governor Robert Lowry (1831-1910) in March. &nbsp;Some of the Springfield Rifles and cartridges for the Lamar Guards arrived in February. &nbsp;Other founding members were: <strong>Dan Markey&nbsp;</strong>(1855-1900);&nbsp;<strong>Peter Gillen&nbsp;</strong>(1859-1898)&nbsp;<strong>M.J. Grady </strong>(1841-1898); <strong>Oscar Meaut </strong>(1859-1935); <strong>Joseph Arguelles</strong> (1865-1944); <strong>Sam Shaw</strong>; and J<strong>ohn W. Henley&nbsp;</strong>(d. 1918).(The Biloxi Herald, January 21, 1888, p. 1, February 11, 1888, p. 8 and March 3, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Raymond Caillavet</strong> (1838-1898), contractor, built a large storage house for the <strong>Biloxi Artesian Ice Manufacturing Company.</strong>(The Biloxi Herald, February 18, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>City of Biloxi enacted a new city charter</strong>, which was approved by the State legislature in early February.(The Biloxi Herald, January 14, 1888, p. 8, February 11, 1888, p. 1 and March 11, 1888, p. 9)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Republican Executive Committee of Harrison County, Mississippi</strong> met at Mississippi City on March 3rd. &nbsp;<strong>John Lyons</strong> was the executive committee chairman.(The Biloxi Herald, February 25, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John Walker</strong> was <strong>elected Mayor of Biloxi</strong> over <strong>William. P. Murray </strong>(1868-1895), <strong>Emile Laudner</strong> (1841-1890), and <strong>Raymond Caillavet</strong> (1838-1898).(The Biloxi Herald, March 11, 1888, p. 9)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The&nbsp;<strong>Biloxi Artesian Ice Manufacturing Company is now prepared to take ice orders&nbsp;</strong>from all along the Coast.(The Biloxi Herald, March 31, 1888, p. 8)&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In January&nbsp;<strong>John A. Aniello </strong>(1848-1901), <strong>Italian immigrant from Corsica and inventor, w</strong>as granted a <strong>patent on a life boat</strong> by the US Patent Ofice. &nbsp;In March while at New Orleans, he was advertising his patented life boat in Biloxi. &nbsp;In 1900, <strong>Aniello</strong>&nbsp;<strong>won the gold medal, a diploma, and $20,000</strong> for his life boat at the World's Exposition in Paris competing with over 110 over boats. &nbsp;Mr. Aniello <strong>died in September 1901</strong> at Havre, France. &nbsp;<strong>He had returned to France to defend his victory</strong> after it had been challenged by his competition.(The Biloxi Herald, February 4, 1888, p. 8, March 17, 1888, p. 8 and The Daily Picayune, January 5, 1901, p. 3 and October 4, 1901, and The NOLA Item, March 6, 1913,p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Gulf View Hotel </strong>was leased by <strong>P.J. Montross</strong> (1841-1897) of the Montross Hotel.(The Biloxi Herald, April 7, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Hugh McCallum</strong>, watchmaker and jeweler, will occupy will occupy the new building being built by J. R. Harkness for <strong>Dr. James J. Lemon</strong> on the south part of his drugstore lot.(The Biloxi Herald, April 14, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Nielsen's Photo Gallery which was built in March&nbsp;</strong>opened on <strong>Reynoir Street</strong> near the L&amp;N Depot. &nbsp;<strong>Professor Fitch</strong>, an experienced photographer, will be in charge.(The Biloxi Herald, March 17, 1888, p. 8 and April 14, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In April,&nbsp;<strong>W.T. Walthall</strong> (1820-1899), Biloxi resident and veteran newspaperman, lecturer, yellow fever volunteer, who assisted &nbsp;<strong>Jefferson Davis</strong> with <strong><u>The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government</u></strong>, was named Consul to Demerara, now a part of Guyana in South America, by President Cleveland. &nbsp;His salary was $3000 per annum. Mr. Walthall expired on May 20, 1899 in Vicksburg, Mississippi.(The Biloxi Herald, April 21, 1888, p. 1 and The Daily Picayune, May 21, 1899, p. 12)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>L&amp;N RR erecting a freight depot and refurbishing the old building for passenger traffic</strong> with separate waiting rooms for male and female transients.(The Biloxi Herald, May 12, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Scheffer House has been repaired </strong>and in <strong>first class condition</strong> to receive guests.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, May 28, 1880, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Achille J. Chiapella</strong> (1862-1936) sold his <strong>Four Seasons Hotel</strong> to the Wilkinson Brothers. &nbsp;It opened on June 2nd as the Wilkinson Hotel.(The Biloxi Herald, May 26 and June 2, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Jefferson Davis returned to Beauvoir </strong>from his cotton plantation at Briarfield.(The Biloxi Herald, June 30, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Charles Gayarre</strong>, prominent <strong>Louisiana historian</strong>, was in Biloxi to visit the <strong>Reverend Doctor Hinsdale.</strong>(The Biloxi Herald, July 28, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Biloxi and Ocean Springs Yacht Club was organized</strong> through the relentless efforts of <strong>Colonel W.A. Fonda.</strong> &nbsp;John D. Bachino, commodore; W.A. Fonda, vice-commodore; and T.K. Reed, secretary.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, August 11, 1888, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Dunbar &amp; Company cannery at Bay St. Louis is at a dead standstill</strong> like the Mississippi City cannery. &nbsp;Biloxi canneries run and prosper. &nbsp;Why can't the others?(The Biloxi Herald, November 3, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/u4/biloxi-howard memorial school_2.jpg" style="height:271px; width:350px" /></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong><u>Howard Memorial School</u></strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">[Gift of Frank T. Howard (1855-1911 and Harry T. Howard (1856-1930) which was built and designed by John R. Harkness &amp; Son in 1888 for $10,000]</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John R. Harkness has taken contract to build the new public school building</strong>, which was donated by the Howard family.(The Biloxi Herald, August 4, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The<strong> Biloxi and Ocean Springs Yacht Club was organized</strong> in August. &nbsp;<strong>John D. Bachino</strong>, commodore; W.A. Fonda, vice-commodore; and T.K. Reed, secretary.(The Biloxi Herald, August 11, 1888, p. 1)<strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>C.F. Theobald, secretary of the School Board</strong>, announced the following teachers and salaries for the 1888-1889 school year: Charles Dunbar Lancaster (1841-1922), principal-$60 per month; Mrs. Sehnhora Dodd Booth, 1st assistant-$35 per month; Miss. F.H. Walthall-$30 per month; Miss Edna Holley-$30 per month; Miss Molie T. Rodenberg-$25 per month.(The Biloxi Herald, October 6, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>New building erected between Delauney </strong>[G.E. Ohr] and Magnolia on Pass Christian Street [Howard Avenue] by John R. Harkness will be open next month as a clothing and notion store.(The Biloxi Herald, October 27, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>George G. Day</strong>, former manager of the <strong>Gulf View Hotel</strong>, left for Florida.(The Biloxi Herald, November 3, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>L&amp;N RR with J.T. Harahan, General Manager</strong>, and an inspection party aboard made the run between Beauvoir and Biloxi at the rate of 65 1/2 miles per hour.(The Biloxi Herald, November 24, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Sixteen Biloxi carpenters and laborers were employed to erect</strong> the new <strong>Quarantine Station on the Chandeleur Island</strong>s.(The Biloxi Herald, November 24, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John Henry Kelle</strong>r (1830-1908), NOLA soap merchant and Biloxi real estate investor, married Martha 'Mattie Washington Silk (1853-1913) &nbsp;at NOLA on November 15, 1888.(The Biloxi Herald, November 24, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Total enrollment in the Biloxi Public School for the year to date in 202 students</strong>. &nbsp;Average attendance is 137 students.(The Biloxi Herald, November 24, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Ocean View Hotel </strong>of C.F. Theobald was leased to H. Edwards and plans to open January 1, 1889.(The Biloxi Herald, December 1, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Tegarden Hotel at Mississippi City burned to the ground </strong>on November 26th. &nbsp;It had been recently leased to Mrs. Alexander.(The Biloxi Herald, December 1, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>F.W. Elmer requested from the US Secretary of the Treasury that Biloxi be made a Port of Entry</strong>.(The Biloxi Herald, December 15, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Harry T. Howard</strong> (1856-1930) was in town and t<strong>ook several photographic images of the new school house</strong>.(The Biloxi Herald, December 15, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1889</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Reverend Robert H. Hinsdale</strong> expired on January 9th. &nbsp;He was at the <strong>Church of the Redeemer</strong> from 1883 until his demise. &nbsp;On his death bed, Reverend Hinsdale requested that Harry T. Howard erect a new Episcopal Church on the beach at Biloxi.(The Daily Herald, January 9, 1913, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px">The new, modern&nbsp;<strong>Howard Memorial public school building on Main Street</strong></span><strong>,&nbsp;</strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px">a gift from of Frank T. Howard (1855-1911) and Harry T. Howard (1856-1930) to the citizenry of Biloxi, was dedicated on March 22<sup>nd</sup>.&nbsp; &nbsp;It was built and designed by John R. Harkness &amp; Son in 1888 for $10,000.(The Daily Picayune, March 22, 1889, p. 8)</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Biloxi had a large fire occur </strong>in the Central Business District on June 5th. &nbsp;<strong>Damage estimated at $75,000</strong>. The fire started in the Herald Building. &nbsp;Major losses suffered by: <strong>Mrs. C.M. Rugge</strong> who lost two-story residence valued at $9000; <strong>Constantine Olivari </strong>(1841-1894) who lost his two-story residence, ship chandlry business, dry goods and groceries on the corner of Lameuse Street and Pass Christian Street valued at $8000; <strong>Dr. James J. Lemon</strong> lost his drug store and home worth $7500. &nbsp;The <strong>Post Office building</strong> of Louis Holley <strong>was also destroyed. &nbsp;Mobile, Alabama sent two fire engines on a special train</strong>, but they arrived after Biloxi firemen had the conflagration extinguished.(The Daily Picayune, June 6, 1889, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John W. Treloar </strong>(1846-1897), described<strong> as 'boss fisherman of the Coast', </strong>and in the employ of <strong>Paul Gelpi &amp; Sons of NOLA, candy manufacturers, </strong>left Biloxi on an extended trip to the Northwest in the interests of his employer<strong>, Paul J. Gelpi </strong>(1848-1920).(The Daily Picayune, August 19, 1889, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Jefferson Davis</strong> (1808-1889) <strong>died at New Orlean</strong>s on December 6th. &nbsp;His remains were interred in the Metairie Cemetery. &nbsp;His corporal remains were later interred on May 31, 1893 at Richmond, Virginia.</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1890</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Emile Laudner</strong> [Ladner] (1840-1890) <strong>died at his home on Pass Christian Stree</strong>t, now Howard Avenue, on February 26th. &nbsp;Two term Biloxi Mayor [1883-1884 and 1887-1888]. &nbsp;Pioneer in the seafood industry at Biloxi and founder of the Deer Island Oyster and Fish Company. &nbsp;In the seafood business as early as September 1876.(The Biloxi Herald, March 1, 1890, p. 1 and The Biloxi Mirror September 9, 1876, p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Joseph C. DeLamarre&nbsp;</strong>(1855-1931), Town Marshal and Sanitary Inspector, began his sanitary inspections on May 1st as required by law and <strong>advised all Biloxi property owners to have their yards and closets clean to "avoid trouble</strong>". (The Biloxi Herald, April 24, 1890, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Knights of the Golden Eagle organized a castle at Biloxi</strong> in May with 32 members. &nbsp;Judge Anthony Sambola (1836-1903) and Fred Holyland (1834-1894) &nbsp;of NOLA were the officers that assited in the formation of the Biloxi chapter, the first in Mississippi. &nbsp;Judge <strong>A.B. DeLamarre was appointed Deputy Supreme Chief</strong> of the State of Mississippi.(The Biloxi Herald, May 24, 1890, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In May, the <strong>Biloxi fire companies met and decided that the annual Firemen's Parade at Biloxi would be held on September 19th, </strong>the day that the Biloxi Fire Company No. 1 was officially organized in 1883. &nbsp;The<em> Biloxi Herald</em> nominated Phil McCabe as Biloxi's first fire chief.(The Biloxi Herald, May 24, 1890, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The&nbsp;<strong>framework for the new Opera House is going up</strong>&nbsp;and when completed it will be&nbsp;<strong>the largest building in Biloxi. John R. Harkness</strong>&nbsp;is working rapidly for its completion. &nbsp;The&nbsp;<strong>building contract called for the Opera House to cost $5000&nbsp;</strong>when finished and furnished.(The Biloxi Herald, June 7, 1890, p. 4 and June 19, 1890, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>American Fire Company No. 3</strong> [colored] <strong>entertained at the Baptist Church </strong>for the benefit of the relief fund.(The Biloxi Herald, June 28, 1890, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Aleck Horn</strong> and <strong>Aleck Redon</strong> went to Pass Christian in June and <strong>persuaded 160 people to sign their pettion asking that the Customs House be removed from Bay St. Louis to Biloxi</strong>.(The Biloxi Herald, June 28, 1890, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Howard Guards military ball and second competitive drill</strong> was held in November and was well attended. <strong>&nbsp;Captain H.C. Meaut judged that Sgt. William Harkness deserved</strong> the gold medal.(The Biloxi Herald, November 22, 1890, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1891</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>New Orleans Loan, Building and Savings Association&nbsp;opened a branch in Biloxi. &nbsp;</strong>John Walker, pres.; &nbsp;P.J. Montross, v.p.; Ernest Desporte, sec.-treas.(The Biloxi Herald, May 10, 1891, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Lopez, Dunbar's Sons &amp; Company advertising to buy figs</strong>. &nbsp;Had agents at Grand Bay, Alabama, Scranton [Pascagoula], and Ocean Springs. (The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, June 19, 1891, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>new plant of the Barataria Canning Company was completed in July</strong>. &nbsp;H.R. Gogreve, president; Isidore Hechinger, vice pres.; H. Bentz, treasurer; Isidore Heidenheim, secretary; and H. Edwards Jr., superintendent.(The Biloxi Herald, July 11, 1891, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Public School had an enrollment of 264 students</strong>. &nbsp;J.L. Ladd, principal; Faculty: Miss Josie Santini; Miss Melancon; and Miss Edna Holley.(The Biloxi Herald, December 26, 1891, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1892</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>old Bellande building near the L&amp;N depot has been demolished and the foundation</strong> is being laid for a new two-story edifice.(The Biloxi Herald, January 9, 1892, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Weather reports at Biloxi were posted on the outside door of the US Post Office</strong> after arriving on the morning L&amp;N train.(The Biloxi Herald, January 16, 1892, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On March 18th, <strong>a fire of incendiary origin destroyed the sash, door and blind factory of M.L. Vazquez </strong>north of the railorad. &nbsp;Loss estimated at $2000 with $1000 insurance by Phoenix. A small house valued at $400 and owned by Collier also lost.(The Biloxi Herald, March 19, 1892, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Biloxi Public School had an enrollment of 271 students</strong> and average attendance since December 1891 was 197 students. &nbsp;J.L. Ladd, principal; Faculty: Miss Ladd, Miss Josie Santini; Miss Melancon; and Miss Edna Holley.(The Biloxi Herald, April 9, 1892, p. 2) &nbsp;</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px">On May 18, 1892, the&nbsp;</span><strong>new Episcopal Church of the Redeemer at Biloxi was consecrated</strong><span style="font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px">&nbsp;to the memory of the Reverend R.G. Hinsdale by Bishop Thompson of Mississippi and Bishop Sessums of Louisiana. &nbsp;Harry T. Howard (1856-1930) donated the land and building.(The Biloxi Herald, May 21, 1892, p. 1)</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Another Baptist church has been organized in Biloxi </strong>and will be known as the <strong>Washington Street Baptist Church </strong>and led by the <strong>Reverend R.M. Guy</strong>. &nbsp;The <strong>old ME Church building has been acquired</strong> and will be used for worship services.(The Biloxi Herald, July 9, 1892, p. 4) &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On July 26,1892, the great New Orleans philanthropist, <strong>John Henry Keller</strong> (1830-1908), himself not a Presbyterian, donated Lot 1 (50 feet by 150 feet)-Block 6 of Keller's tract to the <strong>Biloxi Presbyterian Church.&nbsp;</strong> The church was located on East Howard Avenue east of the old Biloxi Public High School. &nbsp;<strong>W.L. Covel </strong>(1836-1926) was contracted to erect the 'small and modest building" of the newly organized congregation. The deacons and elders of the Biloxi Presbyterian Church, among them Bemis O. Bailey (1898-1969), an Ocean Springs native, <strong>sold their property to the City of Biloxi in late December 1940</strong>, for $3659.(Harrison Co., Ms. Land Deed Bk. 28, p. 205 and The Biloxi Herald, July 2, 1892, p. 1 and July 16, 1892, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Biloxi baseball boys whipped the Ocean Springs</strong> Browns 24 to 1 at the Depot Green in Biloxi.(The Biloxi Herald, August 27, 1892)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">By September 1892,<strong>&nbsp;Biloxi had three fire companies: &nbsp;Volunteer Fire Company No. 1, </strong>the oldest, led by F.W. Elmer;<strong> Mechanics Steam Fire Co. No. 2, </strong>led by Dr. J.J. Lemon; and the<strong> Mississippi Hook &amp; Ladder Fire Company No. 1 </strong>under H.V Lizana.(The Daily Picayune, September 20, 1892, p. 9)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>H. Eugene Tiblier Jr.</strong> (1866-1936), <strong>found a sunken French vessel in the Back Bay of Biloxi</strong> beneath the shallow water over the family oyster lease, near the L&amp;N Railroad bridge. &nbsp;Captain Tiblier hired Joseph "Pep" Suarez (1840-1912), who owned the schooner, <strong><em>Maggie</em></strong>, to assist in the salvage of artifacts from the hold of the sunken ship. &nbsp;His sons, Albert Tiblier and Vital Tiblier, dove on the oyster bank during the salvage operations. &nbsp;According to a report of <em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star</em> of September 23, 1892, the Tiblier family recovered four cannons, swords and scabbards, some muskets, cannon balls, wooden sheaves, fire brick, iron braces, and rock ballast.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Patrick Kennedy</strong> (1845-1913) began shipping raw oysters in November as <strong>P. Kennedy &amp; Company</strong>.(The Biloxi Herald, November 12, 1892, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On December 23rd,&nbsp;<strong>Edward J. Buck</strong>, former cashier of the Manufacturers' National Bank of Pittsburg, Kansas met at the Montross Hotel with affluent Biloxians to organize the <strong>Bank of Biloxi</strong>. &nbsp;$18,000 of capital stock was soon raised. &nbsp;Officers of the Bank of Biloxi were: <strong>C.F. Theobald</strong>, pres; <strong>Laz Lopez</strong>, v. pres; and <strong>E.J. Buck</strong>, cashier. &nbsp;Board of Directors: John Walker; W.K. M. Dukate; Nicholas Voivedich; Charles edding; O.M. Nielson; Isidore Heidenheim; Edward Glennan; and Sam Picard.</span></span><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">[The Biloxi Herald, December 17, 1892 and December 24, 1892 and January 21, 1893, p. 4]</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1893</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John Eistetter</strong> (1856-1904) began laying the foundation for a <strong>two-story building for Mr. Herbelin</strong> on the corner of Howard Avenue and Lameuse Street. &nbsp;J.R. Harkness was the contractor.(The Biloxi Herald, January 21, 1893, p. 8) &nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Louis Rosenthal</strong> (1851-1942), native of Prussia and editor and manager, commenced <strong><em>The Biloxi Blizzard</em></strong> in February. &nbsp;Published by Biloxi Publishing Company and cost $1.50 per year.(The Biloxi Herald, February 4, 1893, p. 10)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Bank of Biloxi was chartered </strong>on February 21st.(Harrison Co., Ms. Charter Bk. 2, p. 69)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In April, <strong>John R. Harkness</strong> (1830-1903)&nbsp;was contracted by <strong>Lopez, Dunbar's Sons &amp; Co. to construct a new</strong>, five thousand dollar, 18,000 square-ft.. <strong>cannery on the former site of the old one</strong>. &nbsp;Two-story, mansard towers on each end functioned as office space.(The Biloxi Herald, April 15, 1893, p. 1)&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Biloxi%20Roller%20MIlls-EG%20Burklin_0.jpg" style="height:200px; width:280px" /></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In April, the&nbsp;<strong>Biloxi Milling Company, commenced operations making flour and meal.&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;It was founded by Missourians, Edward G. Burklin (1860-1920+), James B. 'Buck' Chinn (1857-1912), R.D. Chinn, and Mr. Brewton.(The Biloxi Herald, January 7, 1893, p. 8 and April 22, 1893, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In April <strong>J.R. Harkness &amp; Sons announced plans to build a steam planning and milling plant in the rear of the Opera House </strong>on Pass Christian Street and Magnolia Street.(The Biloxi Herald, April 22, 1893, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In April, <strong>J.R. Harkness &amp; Sons relocated the Episcopal Church from Pass Christian Street to the Beach</strong>.(The Biloxi Herald, April 22, 1893, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-03-13%20at%2011.16.07%20AM.png" /> &nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px">[The Mississippi Leader [Brookhaven], May 16, 1893, p. 3]</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In late May, <strong>the corporal remains of Jefferson Davis</strong> (1808-1889) were sent f<strong>rom New Orleans by a L&amp;N funeral car to Richmond, Virginia </strong>for burial on May 31st in the Hollywood Cemetery.(The Biloxi Herald, May 29, 1893, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Seashore Academy, a boy's boarding school, opened with Dr. G.S. Roudebush</strong>, school master. &nbsp;It was located about 1500 feet west of the Biloxi Lighthouse.(The Biloxi Herald, July 1, 1893, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong><u>The Mexican Gulf Coast Illustrated </u></strong>written by T.H. Glenn of Ocean Springs is complete and being bound.(The Biloxi Herald, July 8, 1893, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In July 1893, <strong>Jacob Elmer and William Gorenflo donated land east of Main Street on Back Bay to the Mayor and City of Biloxi for a street called ‘North Biloxi Street’.&nbsp;</strong> This 40-foot thoroughfare ran 1250 feet south of Bay Street [Bayview Avenue] and turned west for about 300 feet until it intersected Main Street.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 29, p. 340)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Columbian Exposition Edition</strong>, an eight page and eight column journal, was published by The Biloxi Herald in July. &nbsp;G.W. Wilkes, publisher, and W.L. Gilbert were responsible for this splendid publication.(The Biloxi Herald, July 22, 1893, p. 1 and July 29, 1893, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Biloxi Canning Company is having two large barges built</strong> at the shipyard of Francis Codina at Pascagoula.(The Biloxi Herald, July 29, 1893, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In late July, <strong>The Beach House, a new hotel on the beach, was completed for occupancy by J.R. Harkness</strong>, contractor, for Mrs. M.E. Drysdale, the owner.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 29, 1893, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong><em>The Blizzard</em></strong>, a <strong>weekly newspaper</strong>, was edited and managed by <strong>Louis Rosenthal</strong>. &nbsp;Cost $1.50 per year.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>E.G. Burklin</strong> (1860-1931)&nbsp;of Vandalia, Missouri <strong>agreed to install 45 street lights of 32 candle power</strong> to the City of Biloxi.(The Biloxi Herald, September 30, 1893, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>October Storm or Cheniere Caminada Storm hits near Grand Isle, Louisiana</strong> on October 1st.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>white Public school opened on October 16th</strong> with 85 boys and 75 girls. &nbsp;Faculty composed of: C.D. Lancaster, principal; Miss Josie Santini, Miss Mollie Rodenberg; Miss Edna Holley, Mrs. S. Booth, and Miss Rosa Andrews. &nbsp;Salaries set for teachers as follows: C.D. Lancaster-$85 per month; Josie Santini-$45 per month; and Mollie Rodenberg, Rosa Andrews, and Mrs. S. Booth $40 per month.(The Biloxi Herald, October 14, 1893, p. 1 and October 21, 1893, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Colored Public school was to open</strong> on the first Monday in November.(The Biloxi Herald, October 14, 1893, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Casimir J. Harvey</strong> (1845-1904) of Back Bay [D'Iberville] <strong>commenced his ferry operation across Back Bay</strong> to Biloxi on December 2nd. &nbsp;His vessel was called ‘the <strong><em>Shrimp</em></strong>’. &nbsp;Captain Ed Richards took over the rope or skiff ferry and handled the oars.(The Biloxi Herald, December 2, 1893, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Montross Hotel installed electric lights</strong> in December.(The Biloxi Herald, December 9, 1893, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1894</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>Joseph Thomas 'J.T." Maybury</strong> [1840-1894), native of Baltimore and <strong>prominent Biloxi seafood canner</strong>, died at Biloxi on 6 January. &nbsp;His internment was in the Magnolia Cemetery at Mobile, Alabama. &nbsp;Mr. Maybury founded at Pascagoula, Mississippi i</span></span><span style="background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px">n late October 1880, the <strong>Mexican Gulf Canning Company</strong>, which was chartered at Mobile, Alabama. &nbsp;After its liquidation, he founded <strong>Maybury &amp; Foster</strong>, another seafood cannery also located in Pascagoula.[</span><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px">The Biloxi Herald, January 6, 1894, p. 1]</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px">The <strong>City Council appointed Aldermen Gleason, Dulion, and Louge</strong> to meet with land owners on Front Beach between <strong>Lameuse Street and Porter Avenue to secure 40 feet of land to build a road</strong>.(The Biloxi Herald, January 6, 1894, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>City Council refused the petition of Casimer J. Harvey to have the exclusive privelege of a landing </strong>at the foot of Reynoir Street on Back Bay.(The Biloxi Herald, January 6, 1894, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>W.K.M. Dukate returned from Baltimore with fifty Bohemians </strong>to work the remainder of the seafood season at the Lopez, Dunbar's Sons &amp; Co. factory. &nbsp;Harry Edwards of the Barataria Canning Co. left this week also for Baltimore on business to employ about fifty people.(The Biloxi Herald, January 20, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Columbia, Lumberton &amp; Gulf Railroad</strong> was recently chartered. &nbsp;The railroad will tap for ninety miles some of the finest pine lands in the State. &nbsp;Plans to connect with the Gulf &amp; Ship Island RR. &nbsp;at Lumberton, Mississippi.(The Biloxi Herald, January 20, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/u4/burklin%2C edward g._0.jpg" style="height:300px; width:160px" /></span></span><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Biloxi%20Electic%20Light%20Plant-1895_0.jpg" style="height:202px; width:300px" /></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Edward G. Burklin</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Biloxi Electric Light Company</strong> was chartered on February 3rd by <strong>Edward G. Burklin</strong> (1860-1931), Ed Glennan (1854-1933), J.W. Swetman (1863-1937), J.J. Lemon (1825-1915), Lazaro Lopez (1850-1903) , John C. Bradford (1855-1928), et al.(Harrison Co., Ms. Charter Bk. 2, p. 116)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Constantine Olivari</strong> (1841-1894), <strong>Italian immigrant merchant</strong>, civic and military leader, expired on February 2nd.(The Biloxi Herald, February 10, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Biloxi and Back Bay Bridge Company</strong> was chartered on June 2nd.(Harrison Co., Ms. Charter Bk. 2, p. 186)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In late April, <strong>Chrutti's Shipyard</strong> on Back Bay launched a double-hull, ferry boat [66 feet with a beam of 26 feet] to be used to cross the Back Bay of Biloxi.(The Biloxi Herald, April 28, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Hygeia%20Ice%20Co-1893-Caillavet%20and%20L%26N_0.jpg" style="height:200px; width:222px" /></p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span style="font-size:14px">In May 1894, the <strong>Hygeia Ice Works</strong>, built for $35,000 and owned by the De La Vergne Manufacturing Machine Company of New York, <strong>was operating at Biloxi</strong> west of the railroad depot. The plant had the capacity to make 15 tons of ice each day with Charles McCormack was their local representative.(The Biloxi Herald, May 19, 1894, p. 8)&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In September, <strong>Dr. James J. Lemon</strong> (1825-1915), physician and pharmacist, was named the <strong>British vice-consul at Biloxi</strong>. &nbsp;His duties were to represent the commercial and personal interest of the British Crown. &nbsp;In October, he was <strong>presented the British flag in a ceremony at Ship Island</strong> by Captain Maddrell of the English steamship <strong><em>County of York</em></strong>. &nbsp;A.M. Dahlgren (1856-1906), collector of customs and Dr. G.M. Guiteras, Marine Hospital surgeon were also present at the ceremony.(The Biloxi Herald, October 6, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On October 12th, &nbsp;<strong>Biloxi's Commercial District was inflicted &nbsp;losses of about $75,000</strong> when a large fire commenced in the two-story, J.W. Swetman Building on Pass Christian Street. &nbsp;Big losers were: S. Picard-$25,000; J.W. Swetman-$8000; G.E. Ohr Sr.-$5000; W.K.M. Dukate-$4500; and the pottery of G.E. Ohr Jr. (1857-1918)-$3000.(The Biloxi Herald, October 13, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In late November,<strong> Lyman Bradford opened a general merchandising store</strong> on <strong>Back Bay at the corner of Lameuse</strong> <strong>Street.</strong>(The Biloxi Herald, November 24, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Sumner W. Rose</strong> (1858-1947), Socialist and leader&nbsp;of the <strong>National Industrial Colony</strong> arrived at <strong>Handsboro</strong> with families from Colorado, Connecticut, Indiana, Iowa to <strong>engage in truck farming, manufacturing and publishing</strong>.(The Biloxi Herald, November 24, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1895</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Louis Rosenthal</strong> (1851-1942) sold <strong><em>The Biloxi Blizzard </em></strong>to <strong>Austin M. Dahlgren</strong> (1856-1906), collector of the port, in late January 1895.&nbsp; The conveyance occurred without consultation from Monsieurs <strong>Edward Glennan</strong> (1854-1933) and <strong>Charles Redding</strong> (1857-1926).&nbsp; These gentlemen owned the physical assets of Rosenthal’s late journal.(The Biloxi Herald, January 26, 1895, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Mardi Gras was celebrated at Biloxi</strong> with a fancy dress and masquerade ball at the Firemen's Hall on Mardi Gras night. The <strong>Iroquois Club Club sponsored</strong> the event.(The Biloxi Herald, January 26, 1895, p. 8) &nbsp;</span></span></div>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">City Ordinance No. 76 created the <strong>Biloxi Cemetery Association on February 4th.</strong> &nbsp;It was composed of G. Edward Parks, pres.; E.W. Morrill, treas.; I. Heidemheim, sec.; and B.R. Clemens. Charles Berger was hired as sexton.(The Biloxi Herald, February 16, 1895, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In February,<strong>&nbsp;Frank</strong><strong>&nbsp;T. Howard&nbsp;</strong>(1855-1911) and Lydia Fairchild ruled Carnival at NOLA.(The Times Picayune, February 20, 1966, p. 117)&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">Former<strong> City Marshal</strong>, assessor and tax collector, <strong>William P. Murray</strong> (1868-1895), spouse of <strong>Emma R. Caillavet</strong> (1871-1955), died on February 26th.(The Biloxi Herald, March 2, 1895, p. 8)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In late February, <strong>work commenced by the G.C. Taylor &amp; Company on the new City Hall on Main Street</strong>. When excavation began on the foundation, <strong>Mr. Taylor had difficulty finding local labor and went to Meridian and returned with eleven laborers</strong>, as <strong>only five Biloxians would work for $1 per day</strong>, the unskilled labor rate. &nbsp;Most Biloxi day laborers expected to be paid $1.25 to $1.50 per day.(The Biloxi Herald, March 2, 1895, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong><em>The Biloxi Banner,</em></strong> a local journal <strong>was established by W.E. Champlin</strong> (1866-1895+) at Biloxi on March 16th. &nbsp;In 1892, Mr. Champlin had commenced <strong><em>The Mentor</em></strong> at Handsboro, Mississippi.(Dyer, 1895, 'Biloxi')</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/inline/images/Biloxi%20Street%20Railway.jpg" style="height:250px; width:448px" /></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Biloxi Railway was established</strong> by Dr. J.J. Lemon, president; J.C. Bradford, vice-pres.; E.G. Burklin, general mgr. and superintendent; Col. E.W. Morill, sec.-treas.; and W.H. Maybin, gen. attorney. &nbsp;Laying of track was to commence shortly as cars, rails, ties, etc. had been acquired. &nbsp;$8000 worth of company stock had been sold.(The Biloxi Herald, March 30, 1895, p. 8)&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>'The Westbrooks',</strong> local baseball club of Ocean Springs, lost to the '<strong>Lemons'</strong> of Biloxi 29 to 7 at Ocean Springs. &nbsp;The battery for Ocean Springs was Fayard, Seeman (sic), and Katchardt (sic). &nbsp;Biloxi's battery was Clark and Henley. &nbsp;Clark struck out ten Westbrooks, while Seeman (sic) fanned only two 'Lemons'.(The Biloxi Herald, May 11, 1895, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The L&amp;N Railroad completed two new railroad stations</strong> on the east and west end of Biloxi. &nbsp;The Coast train and Excursion trains on Wednesday and Sunday will stop at both places. &nbsp;The L&amp;N has named these stations as the <strong>Oak</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Street</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Station</strong>&nbsp;(east) and the <strong>Gill Avenue Station</strong> (west). &nbsp;Local citizens suggested the names Summerville (east) and Oakmere (west), but they were rejected by the railroad.(The Biloxi Herald, May 11, 1895, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Morris and Eaton have leased the Arcade House on the Beach</strong> and will conduct a first class hotel.(The Biloxi Herald, May 11, 1895, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Mississippi State Press Convention was held at Biloxi</strong> in late June. &nbsp;The visiting journalists were impressed with the hospitalty of Biloxians and were taken to<strong> Ship Island, the G.E. Ohr Pottery, a terrapin farm, canneries, and Beauvoir</strong>. Additonal entertainment was provided by the <strong>Iroquois Club and the Business Men's League </strong>and a fireworks display.(The Biloxi Herald, June 25, 1895, p. 5)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Henry Fleger, manager of the Biloxi Broom factory</strong>, related that <strong>broom corn grown on Back Bay was superior </strong>in many ways to Tennessee broom corn. &nbsp;He had an exhibit of brooms made with the locally grown corn.(The Biloxi Herald, August 24, 1895, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Horse drawn street cars began running on Reynoir Street to the Back Bay </strong>in early September.(The Biloxi Herald, September 7, 1895, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Harriet A. Rodenberg</strong> (1822-1895), widow of John N. Rodenberg (1821-pre 1870), expired in early Ocotber.(The Biloxi Herald, October 5, 1895, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Nicholas Voivedich</strong> (1821-1895) was born at <strong>Mahon on the Spanish isle of Menorca</strong>&nbsp;and died on <strong>November 10th.</strong> Voivedich had married<strong> Clementine Carco</strong> (1820-1916) and became a well-known Biloxi businessman and real estate owner. &nbsp;His most prized real estate in Biloxi was the block bounded by West Howard, Reynoir Street, Fayard Street and the Sisters of Mercy Convent-all south of West Howard Avenue. &nbsp;He also owned a large tract of land with 188 feet on Back Bay and running south to Division Street which was acquired in August 1856. &nbsp;It was adjacent to what became Back Bay Park.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 855-1895 and Land Deed Bk. 7, p. 729) &nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1896</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In January, <strong>Governor Anselm J. McLaurin</strong> (1848-1909) began his <strong>four year term as Mississippi’s chief executiv</strong>e. &nbsp;His term ended January 1900.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/u4/Biloxi Cemetery Association-1896.jpg" style="height:117px; width:200px" /></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Florian Seal </strong>(1853-1927) opened <strong>the Gulf Coast Real Estate Agency</strong> in the Biloxi Herald building in March.(The Biloxi Herald, March 7, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Back Bay School ended its four month term in February</strong> with an enrollment of fifty-seven students. &nbsp;Average attendance was thirty-three because the 3rd Reader Class was transferred to the Central School. &nbsp;Senhora D. Booth, principal.(The Biloxi Herald, March 7, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Marshal Joseph C. DeLamarre </strong>(1855-1931) resigned his post effective March 15th.(The Biloxi Herald, March 7, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Peoples' Bank of Biloxi established in March.</strong> &nbsp;C.F. Theobald, pres.; Ed Glennan, vice pres.; and C.E. Theobald, cashier. &nbsp; Mosler Company will supply the safe.(The Biloxi Herald, March 7, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/u4/Miller%2C John H.2.jpg" style="height:250px; width:178px" /></span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<strong>Captain John H. Miller</strong>&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Captain John H. Miller</strong> (1847-1928) assumed <strong>editorial control of <em>The Biloxi Herald</em></strong> on October 31, 1896 from George W. Wilkes (1854-1915). &nbsp;Captain Miller <strong>left the journal on May 1, 1898 when the co-partnership, G.W. Wilkes &amp; Company, was dissolved </strong>leaving G.W. Wiles sole owner of <strong><em>The Biloxi Herald</em></strong>.(The Biloxi Herald, June 11, 1898, p. 1 and The Daily Herald, April 23, 1928, p. 2)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>New City Hall dedicated</strong> in late April.(The Biloxi Herald, April 25, 1896, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Bernard Picard</strong> (1853-1896), Jewish merchant, native of Alsace and proprietor of <strong>Picard's Emporium, died</strong> on May 23rd.(The Biloxi Herald, May 23, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Construction on Pass Christian Street [Howard Avenue]&nbsp;</strong>was well underway by mid-year. &nbsp;<strong>The Lazaro Lopez residence is&nbsp;almost complete, John Eistetter's new brick building is rapidly under construction; on 24 July, Mechanics Fire Company No. 2 will dedicate t</strong>heir new firehouse<strong>; Dr. Saucier is completing his&nbsp;</strong>wood-framed structure and the&nbsp;<strong>Herbelin warehouse in its final stages; the McCabe Building&nbsp;</strong>on the NW/C of Lameuse and Pass Christian Street&nbsp;<strong>will be removed for the erection of the new, two-story,&nbsp;</strong>Roman brick of the<strong>&nbsp;Peoples Bank.</strong>[The Biloxi Herald, July 18, 1896, p 1]</span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The City of Biloxi changed the name of Pass Christian Road to Howard Avenue </strong>by Ordinance No. 98, passed on August 5, 1896.(The Biloxi Herald, August 8, 1896, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">W.T. Harkness [1869-1941]&nbsp;was awarded the contract to build the new<strong> Peoples Bank Building on the N/W corner of Howard Avenue and Lameuse Street. &nbsp;</strong><strong>The winning Harkness' bid was $6725 </strong>beating John Eistetter by a several dollars.(The Biloxi Herald, August 22, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Eistetter &amp; Kelly were awarded the contract </strong>to build a home for<strong> C.F. Theobald </strong>on the <strong>Beach and Main Street. &nbsp;Cost was </strong>to be about<strong> $5000.</strong>(The Biloxi Herald, August 22, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px">On September 9, 1896, <strong>Lazaro Lopez, William Gorenflo, Daniel A. Nash, John C. Bradford, Raymond Caillavet and J.B. Lemon, Aldermen of the City of Biloxi,</strong> filed a libel suit in the Circuit Court of Harrison County, Mississippi against <strong>H.S. Evans, editor of the Biloxi Review</strong> and local correspondent for the Daily Picayune, and the following <strong>stockholders of the journal</strong>: E<strong>dward Glennan, Louis E. Gill, Charles Redding, W.P. Henley, and E.C. Joullian. </strong>&nbsp;The litagation alleged that an editorial by Mr. Evans damaged the character of these well known Biloxi citizens. &nbsp;The <strong>plaintiffs were seeking $20,000 in damages</strong> from the defendants.(The Biloxi Herald, September 12, 1896, p. 1)&nbsp;</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>R.D. Lamont, </strong>two-month, employee of <strong><em>The Biloxi Review</em>, </strong>published by<strong> H.S. Evans, severed his relationship with the journal </strong>and returned to Montgomery, Alabama.(The Biloxi Herald, September 12, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>A.O. Burdin Sr</strong>. (1845-1901), ice dealer, was appointed by Governor Anselm J. McLaurin (1848-1909) as Alderman 2nd Ward <strong>replacing George W. Wilkes</strong> (1854-1915) who resigned before moving from the ward.(The Biloxi Herald, September 26, 1896 ,p. 3)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>CSA Brigadier General Joseph Robert Davi</strong>s (1825-1896), nephew of CSA President Jefferson Davis <strong>died at Biloxi</strong> on September 15, 1896. &nbsp;His corporal remains interred in the Biloxi City Cemetery. &nbsp;Margaret Green Davis (d. 1939), his spouse and Biloxi US Postmaster from March 1889 until 1897 died on January 15, 1939.(The Biloxi Herald, September 19, 1896, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John A. Sutter</strong>, water well engineer, <strong>found a porous aquifer at 470 feet while digging a water well</strong> for Monsieurs White, Neville, Parsons, Venus, Carraway, Nash, Miller, and others. &nbsp;The well tested at the rate of 75 gallons per minute through a 2 1/2 inch pipe on the lot of Mr. White.(The Biloxi Herald, November 7, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In November, the <strong>Back Bay Artesian Water Company was chartered</strong> by John Bradford, Arthur Reynoir, Mrs. A Richards, and Sam D. Shaw.(The Biloxi Herald, November 28, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Captain John H. Miller</strong> mortally wounded <strong>Jules Soule, editor of <em>The Biloxi Review</em></strong> on December 7th.(The Biloxi Herald, December 12, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>People's Telephone Company of Biloxi was chartered </strong>in December by W.K.M. Dukate, Ernest L. Doyle, J.D. McKie, W. A. White, John Walker, and Ed Glennan.(The Biloxi Herald, December 5, 1896, p. 8 and The Daily Herald, November 17, 1948, p. 7)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On Christmas Day, <strong>the first horse races were held at the Gulf View Baseball Park and Race Track</strong>. The race track was built 40 feet wide and not to interfere with the baseball field. &nbsp;It was 1/3 of a mile plus 40 feet in length with the finish in front of the grandstand whether the race was 1/4 mile or 1/3 mile. &nbsp;It could also be adapted fro bicycle racing.(The Biloxi Herald, December 5, 1896, p. 8 and December 26, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1897</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>People’s Telephone Exchange held its organizational meeting&nbsp;at Biloxi on January 6, 1897.</strong>&nbsp; The company expected to be stringing lines and operating shortly.&nbsp; Officers elected were: John Walker, pres.; John Carraway, sec.-treas.; and Ernest L. Doyle, general manager.&nbsp; Board of Directors: Ernest L. Doyle; John Walker; Daniel A. Nash; W.K.M. Dukate; J.B. Chinn; J.C. Clower; J.D. McKie; W.H. Murphy; and John F. McCormick.(The Biloxi Herald, January 9, 1897, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Dr. Anthony P. Champlin</strong> (1839-1897) d<strong>ied at Biloxi</strong> in early March. &nbsp;He had been a quarantine physician for several years and at the time of his demise was in charge of the Cat Island Quarantine Station.(The Biloxi Herald, March 15, 1897)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Peter Joseph Montross</strong> (1841-1897), <strong>proprietor of the Montross Hotel died</strong> at Biloxi on March 27, 1897. &nbsp;His corporal remains were sent to New Orleans for internment in the vault belonging to the Army of the Tennessee.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 3, 1897, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John R. Harkness </strong>(1827-1903) has the contract to erect the residence of John C. Carraway (1873-1931) and William P. Burke (1858-1924) will build the house of Dr. Daniel A. Nash (1858-1904). &nbsp;Both structures are on the beach.(The Biloxi Herald, April 3, 1897, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Iroquois Club, a men's social was organized in April</strong> with Phil McCabe, president; J.J. Kennedy, secretary; and Louis E. Gill, treasurer.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 24, 1897, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Biloxi Business League was created on April 21st</strong>. &nbsp;W.K.M. Dukate (1852-1916), president; E.W. Morrill, vice president; J.P. Chinn, treasurer; and William F. Gray, secretary.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 24, 1897, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Dr. Hyman McMacken Folkes</strong> (1871-1926) <strong>came to Biloxi to from Jackson to accept the post of Quarantine Officer</strong> at Ship Island.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 24, 1897, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>William C. Morgan and son leased the Montross Hotel</strong> in early May.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, May 8, 1897, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John H. Mille</strong>r (1847-1928), editor of T<em>he Biloxi Herald</em>, <strong>was found not guilty in the manslaughter of Jules Soul</strong>e.(The Biloxi Herald, July 3, 1897, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Dan Markey replaced Arsene O. Bourdon Sr</strong>. as Biloxi's Fire Chief.(The Biloxi Herald, August 7, 1897, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>There were four new cases of Yellow Fever reported at Biloxi</strong> with no deaths. <strong>&nbsp;Dr. Juan Guiteras</strong> (1852-1925), government Yellow Fever expert, examined twenty-eight fever cases at Ocean Springs and reported that twenty-five were dengue fever and that he was unsure of the cause of the three others.(The Daily Picayune, September 9, 1897, p. 1)&nbsp;</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John Stevenson Parkhurst</strong> (1829-1897) and <strong>Caroline Boardman Parkhurst</strong> (1832-1897), spouse, <strong>were murdered</strong> at their Back Bay Biloxi residence 'Parkhurst' on October 21st. &nbsp;'Parkhurst' consisted of 120.81 acres comprising Section 20, T7S-R9W. &nbsp;It was acquired in September 1882 from Jacob Elmer and sold for $1600 to T.P. Dulion in August 1899 by Stephen L. Parkhurst and Emma McMeekin, sole heirs of John S. Parkhurst.(The Biloxi Herald, October 23, 1897, p. 1, October 30, 1897, p. 8, January 15, 1898, p. 5 and Harrison Co., Ms. Land Deed Bk. 19, p. 88 and Bk. 42,pp. 516-517)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1898</strong></span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Gulf View Baseball Park has been dismantled</strong> and is now a thing of the past.(The Biloxi Herald, January 15, 1898, p.8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Raymond Caillavet</strong> (1838-1898), former <strong>Mayor, treasurer, councilman, and street commissioner</strong>, expired on February 16th.(The Biloxi Herald, February 19, 1898, p. 5)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Spanish American War began</strong> on April 21st.</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Harry G. Gibson</strong> (1870-1898), probably a native of New Albany, Floyd County, Indiana, was indicted on January 17, 1898 by a grand jury of the Circuit Court of Harrison County, Mississippi. &nbsp;He <strong>was was hanged at Mississippi City on July 16, 1898</strong> for <strong>the murder of John S. Parkhurs</strong>t (1827-1897) and <strong>Caroline F. ‘Carrie’ Boardman Parkhurst </strong>(1832-1897). &nbsp;He was the first person ever legally killed for a crime in Harrison County, Mississippi.(The Biloxi Herald, &nbsp;January 22, 1898 and July 16, 1898)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Laz Lopez </strong>(1850-1903) has a <strong>new residence on East Howard Avenu</strong>e that is a conspicuous ornament.(The Biloxi Herald, May 18, 1898, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Captain John H. Miller</strong> (1847-1928)&nbsp;<strong>left the journal on May 1, 1898 when the co-partnership, G.W. Wilkes &amp; Company, was dissolved&nbsp;</strong>leaving G.W. Wilkes sole owner of&nbsp;<strong><em>The Biloxi Herald</em></strong>.(The Biloxi Herald, June 11, 1898, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Mr. Saucier's mare beat Fannie</strong>, the mare of T.P. Dulion, by half a neck at the race track.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, June 25, 1898, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Quarantine Board of Mobile County were visitors &nbsp;to Scranton</strong> [Pascagoula] to inspect the quarantine plant at Cat Island, and <strong>found it suitable, to make arrangements for its removal to Mobile Bay</strong>.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, August 16, 1898, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong><em>The Biloxi Herald</em></strong> became a <strong>daily newspaper on August 16, 1898</strong> and called <em><strong>The Biloxi Daily Herald</strong></em>.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, August 16, 1898, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>John C. Krohn Jr</strong>. resident of North Biloxi <strong>harvested 4000 pounds of upland rice </strong>from three acres. &nbsp;His production and shipping cost of the grain was $27 and he<strong> calculated a profit of $63 from his three acres</strong>. &nbsp;Krohn related that perhaps a hundred or more farmers north of Back Bay might grow rice, if the <strong>Biloxi Roller Mill Company managed by J.B. Chinn would install a cleaner. </strong>&nbsp;Chinn avered that the mill would install a cleaner if a sufficient rice crop was grown by local rice growers.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 7, 1898, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>City of Biloxi received three new public school buildings on September 6th</strong>. &nbsp;The <strong>Forest Park School</strong> on Porter Avenue was given by Lazaro Lopez (1850-1903) and Julia Dulion Lopez (1857-1918). &nbsp;The <strong>Back Bay Ward Schoo</strong>l was donated by W.K.M. Dukate and William Gorenflo. &nbsp;It was situated on Main Street and Back Bay. &nbsp;Mayor <strong>Harry T. Howard gave the City a primary school building</strong> on the corner of Main Street and Water Street.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 10, 1898, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Telephone Company at Biloxi </strong>had its central office <strong>connected with Ship Island on September 26th.</strong> &nbsp;Messages were received at Ship Island by Captain Dan McCall and delivered to the appropriate party. &nbsp;The cost was $.50 to call a vessel in the Ship Island anchorage and $1.00 to contact a person at the Quarantine Station.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 27, 1898, p. 4)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtecenter">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtecenter"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1899</strong></span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The <strong>Cemetery Association decided on January 4th, to remove the bridge between the old and new cemetery and lay tiling, fill in with shell and make a good roadway where the bridge now stands.</strong> The ground <strong>recently purchased by the Cemetery Association has been laid off into lots and the plat was presented to the Association last night</strong>.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, January 5, 1899, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p class="rtejustify">&nbsp;</p>

<p class="rtejustify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Marshal Mosley and Officer McKinley captured 10 white crap shooters&nbsp;</strong>at Point Cadet yesterday.They pleaded guilty in court and were fined $5 and court costs. &nbsp;Marshall Mosely had started to break up gambling in Biloxi without regards to who indulges in it. &nbsp;Stir clear of alluring cards and fascinating bones, if you do not want to appear in city court.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, January 17, 1899, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>T.J. Rosell of the firm of Gill, Rosell &amp; Company purchased</strong> the entire plant of the <strong>Biloxi Manufacturing Company.</strong> &nbsp;Mr. Rosell stated he is authorized to receive all accounts due the firm of Gill, Rossell &amp; Company.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, February 11, 1899, p. 1)&nbsp;</span></span></div>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Captain John Johnson of Ocean Springs was probably the heaviest loser of anyone in town from the cold.&nbsp; A few days previous he had purchased 700 barrels of oysters at fancy prices, all of which froze, entailing a loss of nearly $800.&nbsp; To make matters worse, orders for oysters have been pouring in all week which cannot be filled.(</strong>The Biloxi Daily Herald, February 21, 1899, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Mary A. Andrews </strong>(1848-1900+), a widow,<strong> planned to open the new Breslow &nbsp;Hotel on June 1st. &nbsp;The commodious structure was built by John Eistetter. </strong>&nbsp;Mrs. Andrew planned to furnish the modern Breslow Hotel with new furniture.<strong> &nbsp;She had operated the Bay View Cottage for many years</strong>. &nbsp;Mrs. Andrews was an excellent caterer.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, May 25, 1899, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Florence Crofton Duncan</strong> (1871-1952) of Biloxi left NOLA aboard the steamer, <strong><em>Aransas</em></strong>, for <strong>Havana, Cuba with eight women, three from Long Beach, Mississippi, to care for the sick in U.S. Government hospitals</strong> there.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 15, 1899, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Mayor Harry T. Howard</strong> (1856-1930) <strong>resigned his office in early September</strong> and was <strong>replaced by Dr. Daniel A. Nash</strong> (1858-1904), Alderman Ward III, who was appointed to the office by Governor McLaurin on September 5th.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 1, 1899, p. 8 and September 9, 1899, p. 1).</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">Enrollment in the<strong> Biloxi Public white school</strong>s for 1898-1899 was 553 students [300 females and 253 males] and 100 students [61 females and 39 males] for the colored school.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 9, 1899, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Jackson Herndon Owings</strong> was named <strong>Biloxi Public School superintendent and principa</strong>l with a salary of $120/month. &nbsp;J.A. Burns headed up the colored school and paid $40/month.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 9, 1899, p. 1)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The Gulf View Park</strong> was active with <strong>horse racing </strong>as the steeds of A.M. Dulion, Felix Borries, John and William Kennedy, Bud Holliman, Joe Aiken, and Mr. Henley competed.(The Biloxi Herald, November 10, 1899, p. 8)</span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">In November 1899, <strong>Lopez &amp; Dukate advertised for fifty boats to fish on the oyster banks</strong> and pay oystermen<strong> 40 cents per barrel of oyster.</strong>&nbsp; They would pay for fifty boats to transport oysters from the reef to the factory wharf for 40 to 50 cents per barrel. The factory also <strong>sought one hundred oyster shuckers</strong>.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, November 10, 1899, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>

<div id="cke_pastebin">
<div class="rtecenter" style="text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div>

<div class="rtecenter" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>1900</strong></span></span></div>

<div><br />
<span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The<strong> Biloxi Benevolent Association</strong>&nbsp;was founded on January 11th.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The<strong> L&amp;N Railroad bridge at Pascagoula was out of service</strong>. &nbsp;Passengers, mail and express were transferred, but not freight.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 27, 1900, p. 8)</span></span></div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">The&nbsp;<strong>incipient 'Biloxi Yacht Club' held a regatta</strong>&nbsp;on August 17th and August 18th.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 21, 1900, p. 8)</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">John Eistteter, contractor, related that<strong> the new fountain to be set up in front of City Hall has arrived </strong>and will be built in a few days. &nbsp;The ornamental fountain to be erected at Lameuse Street and Howard has not been received.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 4, 1900, p. 8)</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>After many delays, paving contractor, Charles D. Budd [1864-1930] of St. Louis,&nbsp;began brick paving Reynoir Street &nbsp;from the L&amp;N Railroad to&nbsp;Howard Avenue and eastward&nbsp;</strong>toward&nbsp;Nixon Street.(The Biloxi Herald, September 4, 1900, p. 8)</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Captain Ernest Desporte collected $110.15 to be sent to the Mayor of Galveston, Texas</strong>&nbsp; for the relief of hurricane victims in the September 1900 Galveston Hurricane.(The Biloxi Herald, September 14, 1900, p. 8)<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Thompson &amp; Eistetter, architects and builders</strong>, awarded $10,000 contract to erect a new Gothic-style, Baptist Church of brick and stone at Lameuse and Jackson.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 5 , 1900, p. 8)<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Mayor Daniel A. Nash</strong>&nbsp;(1858-1904) announced that $17,435.48 had been deposited in The Bank of Biloxi for the new bridge across Back Bay.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 5 and October 6, 1900, p. 8)<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Joseph W. Swetman</strong>&nbsp;(1863-1937), president of the Bryan and Stevenson Club of Biloxi returned from the National Association of Democratic Clubs at Indianapolis.(The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp; October 6, 1900, p. 8)<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><em><strong>The Biloxi Daily Herald</strong></em>&nbsp;noted that,&nbsp;<strong>"one of the greatest needs of Biloxi is a new school house for Colored children."&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;It recommended that the city government build an adequate school house to cost about $300 on a tract owned by the Colored community of Biloxi.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 30, 1900, p. 8)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Bradford's 'Bus', which made regular trips from City Hall to Joullian's Factory</strong>&nbsp;via Reynoir Street commenced on November 1st.&nbsp; Fare five cents.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, November 9, 1900, p. 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">On November 9th, the&nbsp;<strong>Great Biloxi Fire started in the rear of Kennedy's Saloon</strong>&nbsp;near the L&amp;N Depot on Reynoir Street. &nbsp; The large conflagration devastated about ninety commercial and residential structures south of the Kennedy Hotel to the front beach.&nbsp; <strong>Damages estimated at about $600,000</strong>.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, November&nbsp;9, 1900, p. 1)<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>Joseph W. Swetman</strong>&nbsp;(1863-1937), defeated F.W. Elmer (1847-1926) for Mayor of Biloxi.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, December 12, 1900, p. 1)<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><strong>The 1900 population of Biloxi</strong>&nbsp;taken by the US Federal Census was<strong> announced as 5467 people</strong>.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, December 16, 1900, p. 1)</span></span></div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>
</div>
