"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Huntington-Ingalls was awarded a $98 million cost-plus, fixed-fee advance procurement contract modification for long lead materials for LPD 27, the 11th amphibious transport dock ship</strong> of the USS San Antonio (LPD 17) class. &nbsp;The first contract was awarded in October 2010.(The Sun Herald, July 15, 2011, p. D6)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Built in the early 1970s by Gene Weems and family and Bill Ross, the owner, and all Biloxians, the <u><em><strong>Lady Vera</strong></em></u> is being restored by <strong>Dale Nelson</strong> (b. 1929) and <strong>Miral Nelson, his son,</strong> with the idea of <strong>putting the \'old lady\' back to work</strong> in the Gulf.(The Sun Herald, July 28, 2011, p. B7)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Huntington-Ingalls was awarded a $698 million contract to build an Arleigh Burke-class, Aegis, guided missile destroyer. &nbsp;Shipyard has work to keep workers busy into 2016.</strong></span><span style=\"font-size:14px\">(The Sun Herald, September 27, 2011, p. A1 and October 5, 2011, p. A9)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The National Security Cutter 3, the <strong><em><u>USCG NSC 3 Captain Dorothy Stratton,</u></em> was delivered</strong> to the <strong>US Coast Guard by Ingalls Shipbuilding&nbsp;</strong>on October 7, 2011.(The Sun Herald, October 8, 2011. p. A4)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>VT Halter Marine dedicates first of four Egyptian</strong> [fast missle craft) ships, (The Sun Herald, October 26, 2011, p. A5)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Bill Holland</strong>, master wooden boat builder, launched the <strong><em>Miss Ashley</em></strong>, a 15-foot, Biloxi catboat, on May 17, 2013.&nbsp; The boat was built for a NOLA man.(The Sun herald, May 16, 2013, p. A1</span></span><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Cat boats</strong>, once work boats in the seafood industry are coming back to Mississippi Sound. Jerry Ellis, Bill Holland, Glenn Ellis, Jeff Broussard and Buddy Jumonville are making it happen in Biloxi. A race will be organized, the first cat boat race in 26 years.(The Sun Herald June 9, 2013 &nbsp;p. 10-F)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Biloxi Herald, \"Latest City News\", August 22, 1896.</span></span><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Biloxi Daily Herald, \"City News\", March 29, 1902.</span></span></div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Biloxi Daily Herald, \"Shipbuilding\", November 17, 1903.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Biloxi Daily Herald, \"Aftermath of Great Storm, September 28, 1906.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Biloxi Daily Herald, \"Big Storm in Gulf, 1907.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Biloxi Daily Herald, \"City News\", August 12, 1908.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"New boat measured\", September 9, 1909</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Crew of Biloxi boat saw corpse in marsh\", September 6, 1911.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"New schooner makes good showing\", July 8, 1912.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Maritime News\", March 7, 1913.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Brander funeral this afternoon\", June 16, 1913.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Captain Johnson goes to beyond\", June 26, 1914..&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"New boat built at Biloxi yard\", December 18, 1916.&nbsp;</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Fifty boats built in winter months\", January 31, 1917.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"The Charter of Incorporation of the International Shipbuilding Company\", February 3, 1917.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"To build schooners\", July 7, 1917.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"New schooner built at Biloxi\", July 12, 1917.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Brander Shipyard at Biloxi may be used to build submarine chasers\", April 5, 1917.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"\", September 13, 1917.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Trustee\'s Sale\", April 23, 1918.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Biloxi schooner [<em>Joseph Leopold</em>]&nbsp;measure bu U.S.\", January 23, 1919.</span></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"City of Biloxi launched\". April 22, 1919.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Schoners for entering Regattat\", July 1, 1920.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Biloxi shipyard sued as bankrupt\", June 16, 1921.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Henry Piaggio answers summons\", December June 20, 1921.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Handsome boat launched\", June 20, 1922.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"cke_pastebin\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Schooner will be launched tomorrow in Bay of Biloxi\", May 28 1929.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"New Biloxi Boat ready\", May 6, 1928.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:15px\">The Daily Herald, \"Boat released\", January 19, 1932.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"To start daily boat service to [Ship] Island\", June 26, 1934.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Boat Building industry is working overtime in Biloxi\", August 29, 1936.&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"[DeJean Packing Company] Launch new boat\", November 2, 1936.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Launches new boat\", July 12, 1937.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-size:15px\">The Daily Herald, \"<u><em>Mary Ellen </em></u>No. 2 being built by Reed\", Jeptember 30, 1937.</span></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"$6000 loss to big boat on Back Bay\", February 8, 1940.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Schooner [Louis] <u><em>Goldman </em></u>destroyed by fire in Biloxi Channel\", February 3, 1941.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Biloxi boats in a romance story [written by Elmer Wescovich]\", February 19, 1941.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Boatman [Corbett Summerlin (1892-1941)] drowns in Back Bay\", March 8, 1941.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Biloxian [Elmo Kates] drowns in fall from boat\", April 21, 1941.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Launch all-welded passenger ship\", June 14, 1941.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"<u><em>Bill Cruso</em></u> wins Biloxi match race\", August 12, 1941.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"To christen ship\", October 21, 1943.</span></span>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(241, 237, 224); font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Ingalls Yard comes in for praises by Maritime Director\", November 4, 1943.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"William Stallings died suddenly\", December 12, 1943.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"To launch Sea Owl at Ingalls on Friday\", December 16, 1943.</span></span></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"First ship of 1946 launched at Ingalls Pascagoula shipyard\", January 5, 1946.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Ingalls to launch new line Friday\", January 7, 1946.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"33-foot craft [<u><em><strong>Janalyce</strong></em></u> of Charles Gaskin]is launched at Ingalls\", October 31, 1946, p. 13.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Moran Boat Works makes 830 boats during past year\", September 13, 1947.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Suspending scrapping of boats at Biloxi\", September 13, 1947.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Fifty-six boats completed in Biloxi\", January 3, 1948.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"4 Biloxians escape as yacht burns\", December 6, 1948.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"A.V. Walker shipyard has big backlog of orders\", March 17, 1949.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Build all-cypress skiff at Quality Boat Works in Biloxi\", April 7, 1949.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"62-foot shrimp trawler built for Texas duty\", June 8, 1951, p. 2.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Four fishermen rescued after two boats sink\", December 17, 1951.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Ingalls\' yacht at Biloxi port during cruise\", July 6, 1956.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Brander launches Deep Sea Trawler for Texas waters\", February 25, 1958, p.10.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Ingall\'s SY-Mississippi\'s largest industry\", February 25, 1959, p. s10.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Biloxi\'s Oldest Shipyard [W.N. Johnson-J.D. Covacevich] one of busiest on Coast\", February 25, 1959, p. s12.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Brander\'s Shipyard in Biloxi\", February 25, 1959, p. 20.</span></div>\r\n<span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Toche boat builders operate only travel lift on Gulf Coast\", February 25, 1959, p. s24.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Build two boasts at Covacevich\'s\", January 18, 1960.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Ingalls bid on Lykes ships being studied\", June 8, 1960, p. 1.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Ingalls to build four cargo ships of $55 million\", December 23, 1964.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Francis A. Brander\", May 18, 1965.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Sign contract to start new shipyard [Ingall\'s West Bank]\", June 14, 1968.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, Two steel hull trawlers join shrimping fleet\", March 3, 1969, Section II, p. 15.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Jefferson Davis I open for river tours\", June 3, 1984.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Ocean Springs News, \"Brander\'s Ship Yard at Biloxi aid in proseprity of this area specializes in deep sea trawlers\", May 30, 1957.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Tony Jack looks back on lifetime of boat building\", January 3, 1993.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Homer B. Fayard Sr.\", May 20, 2004, p. A5.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Nellus C. Covacevich\", April 10, 2011 and April 11, 2011.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Biloxi schooners in dry dock\", June 24, 2011.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Huntington-Ingalls wins $98 million Navy contract\", July 15, 2011, p. D6.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Looking beyond [Ingalls using composites to build deckhouses] SHIPBUILDING\", July 17, 2011, p. C10.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"The lugger<em> <u>Lady Vera</u></em><u> </u>poised to make a comeback\", July 28, 2011, p. B7.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"The Last Schooner [<em>Helen-Lavengro</em>]\", August 10, 2011, p. C9.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Ingalls awarded $697 million destroyer contract\", September 27, 2011. p. A1.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(241, 237, 224); font-size:12px\">The Sun Herald, \"Ingalls Shipbuilding will have work to 2016\", October 5, 2011, p. A9.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Ingalls delivers first cutter to Coast Guard\", October 8, 2011, p. A4.</span>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Ingalls Shipyard workforce earns praise\", October 19, 2011, p. A7.</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(241, 237, 224)\">The Sun Herald, \"VT Halter dedicates first of four Egyptian ships\", October 26, 2011, p. A5.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(241, 237, 224)\">The Sun Herald, \"Management issues cost Ingalls\", November 11, 2011, p. A5.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(241, 237, 224)\">The Sun Herald, \"Sailing Miss Ashley\", May 17, 2013, p. A1.</span></span></div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">________________________________________________________________________________________________________</span></div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px\">SHIPYARDS</span></strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>The Westergard Biloxi Boatyard, Incorporated</strong> [1941-1945]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Westergard Biloxi Boatyard, Incorporated, known locally as the Westergard Shipyard, was chartered by the State of Mississippi in March 1941.&nbsp;&nbsp;Axel M. Westergard, Rockport, Texas; Rob Roy Rice Sr., Aransas Pass, Texas; and William P. Kennedy Jr., Biloxi, Mississippi were its original founders.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The shipyard was located on Biloxi’s Back Bay at the head of Lee Street and initially comprised about one-acre with a Back Bay frontage of 205 feet.[The Daily Herald, March 28, 1941, p. 9 and Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 244, p. 177]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The&nbsp;Westergard Shipyard was one of the many military-industrial complexes that were created prior to America’s entry into World War II against Japan and the Axis Powers in early December 1941. Keesler Field and Gulfport Field, both US Army Air Corps facilities, were commenced in 1941.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">This shipyard was created to build and repair watercraft for the US Maritime Commission, an entity of the Federal government, which&nbsp;funded and administered the largest and most successful&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merchant_ship\" title=\"Merchant ship\">merchant shipbuilding</a>&nbsp;effort in world history, producing thousands of ships, including&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty_ship\" title=\"Liberty ship\">Liberty ships</a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_ship\" title=\"Victory ship\">Victory ships</a>, and others, notably&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_C1_ship\" title=\"Type C1 ship\">Type C1</a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_C2_ship\" title=\"Type C2 ship\">Type C2</a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_C3_ship\" title=\"Type C3 ship\">Type C3</a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_C4-class_ship\" title=\"Type C4-class ship\">Type C4</a>&nbsp;freighters and&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T2_tanker\" title=\"T2 tanker\">T2 tankers</a>. Most of the C2s and C3s were converted to Navy auxiliaries, notably&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_cargo_ship\" title=\"Attack cargo ship\">attack cargo ships</a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_transport\" title=\"Attack transport\">attack transports</a>, and&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escort_aircraft_carrier\" title=\"Escort aircraft carrier\">escort aircraft carriers</a>&nbsp;and many of the tankers became&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:World_War_II_tankers_of_the_United_States\" title=\"Category:World War II tankers of the United States\">fleet replenishment oilers</a>. The Commission also was tasked with the construction of many hundred \"military type\" vessels such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landing_Ship,_Tank\" title=\"Landing Ship, Tank\">Landing Ship, Tank</a>&nbsp;(LSTs) and&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacoma-class_frigate\" title=\"Tacoma-class frigate\"><em>Tacoma</em>-class</a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frigate\" title=\"Frigate\">frigates</a>&nbsp;and large&nbsp;<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Transports_of_the_United_States_Navy\" title=\"Category:Transports of the United States Navy\">troop transports</a>. By the end of the war, U.S. shipyards working under Maritime Commission contracts had built a total of 5,777 oceangoing merchant and naval ships.&nbsp;[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States/wiki/United_States_ Maritime_Commission]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Ingalls</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The only other shipyard of consequence in regards the military on the Mississippi Gulf Coast was the&nbsp;Ingalls Shipbuilding Corporation.&nbsp;&nbsp;In 1938, it was organized by Robert Ingersoll Ingalls Sr. (1882-1951), Robert I. Ingalls Jr. (1906-1968), Monro Bannister Lanier (1887-1970), and W.R. Guest. The Ingalls\' yard was situated at the mouth of the East Pascagoula River on the site of the 1917 International Shipbuilding yard of Henry Piaggio (1874-1921) et al.(The Daily Herald, February 25, 1959, p. 10)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In October 1940, Ingalls delivered the first, all-welded, watercraft to the Maritime Commission.&nbsp;&nbsp;It was the SS Exchequer and she was transferred to the Norfolk Navy Yard as a seaplane tender by a Pascagoula crew and renamed the USS Pocomoke [AV9].&nbsp;&nbsp;By late December 1940 Ingalls had been awarded a $50,000,000, US Navy contract to build four, 500-foot, vessels that were also all-welded, rivetless ships.&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Before WW II and ended in 1945, Ingalls Shipbuilding Corporation had launched&nbsp;more than 70 ships.[The Daily Herald, December 20, 1940, p. 1 and R.F. Couch,&nbsp;&nbsp;Journal of Mississippi History, 1964, pp. 192-200]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Westergard%2C%20Axel%20M..jpg\" style=\"height:300px; width:240px\" /></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>A.M. Westergard</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:12px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Axel Munch Westergard </strong>[1889-1954] was born in Halden [Frederikshald], Viken County, Norway on April 3, 1889.&nbsp;&nbsp;He entered the United States in January 1907 at El Paso, Texas and found his way to San Pedro, California were he made his livelihood as an independent boat builder at Terminal Island, California.&nbsp;&nbsp;Here Axel married Addie Armida McVay [1867-1941], a native of Atlanta, Georgia and the widow of Mr. Hart, and mother of Olive M. Hart.[WW I Draft Registration-Los Angeles, 1917]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In addition to his involvement with the Biloxi shipyard, A.M. Westergard was associated with the Westergard-Rice Brothers and Company shipyard at Rockport, Texas and the Brownsville Shipbuilding Corporation at Brownsville, Texas.&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Brownsville, Texas</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Before February 1942, Mr. Westergard had resigned from Westergard-Rice Brothers and Company to devote his full time with his Westergard Boatworks in Brownsville, Texas.[The Aransas Pass Progress, February 19, 1942, p. 1]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">At Brownsville, A.M. Westergard was called Captain Westergard and titled naval architect and marine engineer.&nbsp;&nbsp;This shipyard’s first military contract was for $400,000 and let by the US Army Air Corps to build four, triple screw, offshore aircraft rescue ships.&nbsp;&nbsp;These watercraft were 105-feet in length and drew 6-feet of water.&nbsp;&nbsp;Power was supplied by 600 hp gasoline engines.[The Brownsville Herald, November 22, 1941, p. 1]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Ocean Springs, Mississippi was selected as a “Crash Boat’ Base site by the US Army Air Corps.&nbsp;&nbsp;The facility was a sea-going emergency, rescue operation located on the south side of Hellmer\'s Lane and on the northwest shore in the Inner Harbor at Ocean Springs, during the final years of WW II.&nbsp; It was manned by personnel of Squadron V, 3rd Air Force Bomber Command, US Army Air Corps from the Gulfport Army Air Field at Gulfport, Mississippi.&nbsp; The base was erected in early 1944, to house crash boat officers and crews as well as ancillary personnel who manned the small post.&nbsp; The mission of the local boat base was to rescue downed aviators, tow targets, and patrol bombing ranges in the Mississippi Sound and Gulf of Mexico.[US Air Force Historical Agency, Maxwell AFB, Alabama and The Jackson County Times, January 15, 1944]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>R. R. Rice</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Rob Roy Rice [1896-1972] was born in Apalachicola, Florida to Captain Stephen E. Rice [1838-1919] and Emily Irvine Pickett [1848-1938], both Alabama natives.&nbsp;&nbsp;He married Emily Clara Buzhardt [1887-1944] a South Carolinian, in Franklin County, Florida in December 1909.&nbsp;&nbsp;Four sons were born from this union: Rob Roy Rice Jr. [1910-1989];&nbsp;John Chapman Rice [1914-1993]; Steppie Irving Rice [1915-1985] m. Joseph F. House and Bryson M. Filbert [1915-1990]; and Joel Key Rice [1924-2005].&nbsp;&nbsp;The Rice children were all born at Apalachicola, Florida.&nbsp;&nbsp;In Florida, R. R. Rice was an oyster canner.&nbsp;&nbsp;Circa 1926, the family relocated to Rockport, Texas, near Corpus Christi, and opened a seafood cannery specializing in shrimp processing.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">R.R. Rice with his son, Rob Roy Rice Jr., Judge J.A. Steele and A.F. Buchanan of Rockport, Texas formed Rice Brothers and Company after the departure of Mr. Westergard for his Brownsville shipyard.&nbsp;&nbsp;Their success at Rockport was assured in early 1942, when the US Maritime Commission ordered an additional eight, submarine chasers.&nbsp;&nbsp;At this time, the Navy Department also laude the Rice Brothers boat works by awarded them the Navy Blue “E” Pennant for their progress, quality of workmanship, safety, and general morale.[The Aransas Pass Progress, February 19, 1942, p. 1]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>W. P. Kennedy Jr.</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">William Patrick Kennedy Jr. [1905-1967] was a native Biloxian and the son of William P. Kennedy Sr. [1873-1951] and Fantie Wright Kennedy [1876-1969].&nbsp;&nbsp;He married Beatrice Hardisty [1906-1995], a native of Illinois.&nbsp;&nbsp;Their children were: Mabel ‘Patti’ Kennedy [1924-2015] m. William E. Courson [1922-1989] and Edward J. Bellman [1920-2009]; William P. Kennedy III [1926-1975] m. Josephine Kelly [1930-2008]; Thomas Morgan Kennedy [1928-2010] m. Jane Vickery [1930-1998]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mr. Kennedy was an early Biloxi entrepreneur having experience in real estate, as well as animal husbandry and gardening with the Bay Flour and Seed Company.&nbsp;&nbsp;He is perhaps more familiarly associated with the Kennedy Brothers Engine Company and Kennedy Engine Company.[The Daily Herald, June 30, 1967, p. 2 and&nbsp;http://kennedyengine.com/history]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi Boatyards</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Although Biloxi was never a major shipbuilding center, it has been noted for its wooden boat construction since Colonial times.&nbsp;&nbsp;In&nbsp;December 1720, Jean-Baptiste&nbsp;Le Bouteux, French artist, created a sketch of Nouveau Biloxy [New Biloxi] illustrating the camp of the John Law Concession.&nbsp;&nbsp;Among the many activities of the French colonists is wooden boat construction.&nbsp;&nbsp;A small barge or skiff and a chaloupe or biscayenne are two of the watercraft depicted by Le Bouteux.[Copy Biloxi Public Library]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">As Biloxi grew from a village to become ‘the Sea Food Capitol of the Planet’ in the dawn of the 20th century, fishing schooners and ancillary watercraft were in demand.&nbsp;&nbsp;19th century Spanish immigrant families from Spain and the Balearic Islands had established shipyards on Back Bay’s north shore.&nbsp;&nbsp;Among them were: Foretich, Sanchez, Taltavull, Quave, Perez, Santa Cruz, and Cannette.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Fountain and Harvey [Hervai] families of French descent also proved to be capable craftsmen for Biloxi’s shipbuilding industry.&nbsp;&nbsp;In later times, Herman Kelly and the Brasher brothers, Henry and Isom, made valuable contributions to the local fishing fleet with their swift schooners.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By the 1920s, the majority of&nbsp;Biloxi’s boatbuilding industry had located to the Biloxi&nbsp;Peninsula with shipyards on Back Bay and Point Cadet.&nbsp;&nbsp;Back Bay from Lameuse Street to Oak Street featured ship carpenters like Fred Moran; Henry and Martin Fountain Jr.; Anson Holley; J.C. and Francis Brander; Jules Galle; the Frentz Brothers; and U.A. Parker. On Point Cadet, the Toche Brothers, were the primary boat builders.&nbsp;&nbsp;Louis Gorenflo and Zona Carter on West Beach were building specialty watercraft on a small scale on land lots.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">During and after WW l, probably the largest wooden boats ever built at Biloxi were constructed on Back Bay.&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;<em>Elizabeth Ruth</em>, a&nbsp;193-foot schooner, was launched&nbsp;on&nbsp;15 June 1918. Catherine Lopez, daughter of Julius Lopez had the honors. &nbsp;The large vessel was built&nbsp;by the&nbsp;Mississippi Shipbuilding Corporation&nbsp;and&nbsp;designed by&nbsp;Zona W. Carter&nbsp;(1879-1953), a Biloxi resident, and named for the daughter of Englishman&nbsp;William Hasketh Lever&nbsp;(1851-1925),&nbsp;Lord Lever, founder of soap manufacturers, Lever Brothers.(The Daily Herald,&nbsp;June 12, 1918, p. 1,&nbsp;June 15, 1918, p. 1. and &nbsp;June 17, 1918, p. 3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In&nbsp;January 1919, the&nbsp;<strong><em>Joseph Leopold</em></strong>, a four-masted, schooner built for J.F. Stewart of Gulfport was measure by Customs Agent Lewis Curtis as follows: length-180 feet; beam-38 feet; and depth-13 feet; gross weight-668 tons; net weight-573 tons.&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;<strong><em>Joseph Leopold&nbsp;</em></strong>was built by J.D. Covacevich at the Biloxi Shipyard and Box factory on Back Bay.(The Daily Herald,&nbsp;January 23, 1919, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi Port Commission-founded 1940</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Before any military watercraft could be built at Biloxi, obviously for our entry into WW II or for loan to our European allies, England and France, it was necessary that a Port Commission be created to manage the erection and supervision of port facilities and insure that a deep-water channel be dredged to provide sufficient water depth for naval vessels to operate.&nbsp;&nbsp;A $100,000 bond issue to finance the deepening of the present Back Bay channel was a salient issue in regards winning future military contacts.[The Daily Herald, April 25, 1940, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">To establish a Port Commission, it was necessary for the Mississippi State Legislature to adopt a resolution submitted by local representation.&nbsp;&nbsp;At this time, Howard A. McDonnell [1909-1992], a Biloxi attorney, criminologist, and recently elected Floater Representative for Harrison County and Jackson County, was delegated this task.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The&nbsp;newly created Biloxi Port Commission&nbsp;had its first meeting on September 25, 1940 at the Baltar Realty office. &nbsp;Members were:&nbsp;John E. Swetman [1867-1958];&nbsp;R. Hart Chinn, appointed by Paul B. Johnson, Governor; and&nbsp;Jacinto Baltar, appointee of the Harrison County Board of Supervisors.(The Daily Herald, September 25, 1940, p. 2)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>New Management Team</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In March 1941, although retaining the name Westergard, the management of the nascent shipyard came under local control when Axel M. Westergard, Rob Roy Rice and Frank Kennedy resigned and relinquished their stock holdings.&nbsp;&nbsp;The new officers of the imminent Biloxi shipyard were: William P. Kennedy Jr., president;&nbsp;Thomas Pringle, vice-pres.; and Victor B. Pringle, secretary-treasurer.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Growth and Inflation</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">With the news of a potential US Army Air Corps field to be located in the Naval Reserve Park and the Westergard Biloxi Boat Works in the process of initiating construction, Biloxi’s small town atmosphere began a metamorphosis.&nbsp;&nbsp;Was an uber boom about to commence?&nbsp;&nbsp;With a population of about 17,000 people, Biloxi could soon expect a large work force approaching 12,000 people to descend and change it forever.&nbsp;&nbsp;A US Army engineer from Ohio was quoted as: “In the face of present situation, Biloxi hasn’t got enough saws and hammers in its hardware stores.&nbsp;&nbsp;No matter how much stock its other stores have it is not going to be adequate.&nbsp;&nbsp;I don’t care how many cots your hotels have they haven’t enough.”&nbsp;&nbsp;In anticipation of the coming flow of people and dollars, local barbers on April’s Fools Day raised the price of adult haircuts to 50 cents and 35 cents for children.&nbsp;&nbsp;The tonsorial aficionados were no fools![The Daily Herald, March 26, 1941, p. 7]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Building the Boat Yard</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/WESTERGARD%20SHIPYARD.jpg\" style=\"height:500px; width:695px\" /> </span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">Westergard Biloxi Boat Works</span></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">This local shipyard was created from bare ground in the spring of 1941 with local management and labor and was able to produce for the \"Splinter Fleet\", wooden boats, for the US Navy and lend lease Allies, France and England. &nbsp;Located on Biloxi\'s Back Bay near Lee Street, the yard produced Sub Chasers, Sea going Tug Boats and Mine Sweepers before it closed in&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">August 1945</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">. From&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">October 1941</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, the boat yard had built for the&nbsp;US Navy: two submarine chasers-$300,000;&nbsp;ten mine sweepers-$4,000,000; and&nbsp;four harbor tugs-$1,500,000. &nbsp;For the&nbsp;US Army, the shipyard had built&nbsp;eighteen oil barges-$1,020,000. &nbsp;In addition,&nbsp;three, steel, trawlers were erected for the seafood industry-$25,000. &nbsp;During its almost four years of production, the facility had a&nbsp;payroll exceeding $4,000,000 and employed about 500-700 Biloxians who worked on construction contracts exceeding $7.5 million.&nbsp;&nbsp;William P. Kennedy Jr. [1907-1967], Biloxi native, was president of the organization.</span></span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In early April 1941, the preparation and clearing of the site for Biloxi’s newest shipyard was hampered by large blocks of concrete left there when the 1926 Biloxi-D’Iberville was erected.&nbsp;&nbsp;Dynamite was used to demolish and reduce the size of the relic materials leaving the air vibrating with loud and obnoxious noise![The Daily Herald, April 10, 1941, p. 2]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi Port Commission accepted the $43,322 bid of general contractor, Currie &amp; Corley of Hattiesburg, Mississippi, to erect a steel building&nbsp;[$18,486]&nbsp;to be used as a boat plant&nbsp;at the foot of Holly Street [sic] on&nbsp;East Back Bay. &nbsp;Albert J. Ragusin&nbsp;was awarded the&nbsp;plumbing contract [$3549]; Ray V. Pisarich, electrical&nbsp;[$1522];&nbsp;and roofing&nbsp;[$1365]&nbsp;to Biloxi Roofing and Sheet Metal.(The Daily Herald, April 16, 1941, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;By mid-September, the 16-month efforts of the Biloxi Port Commission and from city officials and leading Biloxi citizens were nearly realized with the completion of the Westergard Biloxi Boat Works on Back Bay at the foot of Lee Street.&nbsp;&nbsp;I. Daniel Gehr&nbsp;(1895-1959), local architect, supervised the construction of the warehouse, fabricating building, loft and drafting buildings, general offices, and work sheds. &nbsp;The larger structures were of fabricated steel construction with concrete foundations while the smaller buildings were modern, frame structures. &nbsp;Currie &amp; Corley of Hattiesburg, Mississippi was the general contractor while other employed to erect the shipyard were: Iron Steel Products Company; Albert J. Ragusin-plumbing;&nbsp;Ray V. Pisarich, electrical;&nbsp;and roofing-Biloxi Roofing and Sheet Metal. &nbsp;The Jackson County dredge dug the channel into the boatyard, which now had a 400-foot frontage on Back Bay.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Port Commission had paid Currie &amp; Corley $43,322 for their efforts.&nbsp;(The Daily Herald, April 16, 1941, p. 1 and September 20, 1941, p. 3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>US Navy Contracts</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In early&nbsp;September 1941, the&nbsp;US Navy awarded Westergard Boat Works a contract to build two wooden vessels, both Submarine Chasers. They would be named USS PC 650 and USS PC 651(The Daily Herald,&nbsp;September 19, 1941, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Union Contract</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On&nbsp;22 October 1941, William P. Kennedy Jr., president of the Westergard Boat Works of Biloxi, Incorporated completed a two-year, closed shop, all-union contract with officials of the American Federation of Labor.&nbsp;&nbsp;This agreement set pay scales as follows: skilled craftsmen-$1.07 per hour; labors-$.50 per hour; apprentices-$.54 cents per hour for the initial year and an increase of $.05 cents per hour every 6 months thereafter.&nbsp;&nbsp;The work week was 40 hours and overtime payment was 1 and ½ times regular wages.[The Daily Herald,&nbsp;October 23, 1941, p. 6]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Labor Force</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The majority of the workmen who built ships, harbor tugs and oil barges at the Westergard Biloxi Boatyard were native Biloxians and from surrounding communities.&nbsp;&nbsp;Many were ship carpenters and fishermen who in a show of patriotism joined the cause to defeat the Axis threat in Western Europe.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">James Briley “J.B.” Richmond Sr. [1925-2014], Biloxi entrepreneur, published a thorough study of the </span></span>Westergard Biloxi Boat Works in 2009 titled, “World War II Combat Wooden Boats Built at Biloxi Westergard Boat Works of Biloxi, Inc.”&nbsp;&nbsp;Researched in detail it is the salient, historical source for this shipyard.&nbsp;&nbsp;Thank you Mr. Richmond for your contribution to Biloxi’s maritime chronology.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Per Mr. Richmond, the Westergard Boat Yard was organized as follows:</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>General Superintendent: Anthony&nbsp;&nbsp;W. ‘Tony Jack’ Covacevich [1907-1997].&nbsp;&nbsp;Assistant, Neil Covacevich [1920-2007].</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Paint Shop: Bowman Brodnax [1907-1991] and Mack Hall [1917-1952]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Machine Shop: William ‘Bill’ Hubbell [1902-1983] and assistants: George Williams; Willie Dale [1899-1990]; Joe Scholtes [1917-1994]; and Frank Duvic [1900-1974]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Caulkers: Fred Frentz [1895-1964] and assistants: Anthony Fountain; Joe Ables; Leon Dalgo [1896-1953]; Joe Montgomery [1892-1972]; and Eddie Moran [1886-1960].</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Loft Hull Layout: Zona W. Carter [1879-1953] and Kenneth P. Trochesset [1918-1990]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Electrical: C. Arnold ‘Skinny’ Davidson [1901-1971]; J. Wesley Compton [1920-1995]; and James ‘Jimmie’ Cook [1920-1997]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Heavy Timbers, Keels, Beams, Stringers and Clamps: J.D. ‘Jack’ Covacevich [1875-1962]; Martin Fountain Jr. [1882-1963 Earlis Champaigne [1928-1981]; Joe Trochessett; and Louis Manuel.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Mill Cabinet: Henry Manuel [1896-1968]; Jesse Wells [1910-1963]; Willie Crabtree [1903-1972]; L. B. Camp; Uriel Ray Kennedy [1917-1995]; and Frank Broussard.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Planking:&nbsp;&nbsp;Henry Fountain Sr,; Charles Trochessett;&nbsp;&nbsp;Jerry Burdine; George Burton; Curtis Fountain; Fitz Fountain; Elvin Cannette; Anthony Pickich Jr.; Melvin Roberts; “Sox” Fountain; Wilfred Fountain; “Son” Moore.</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Tool Shop:&nbsp;&nbsp;Eddie Thomas</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Planner: Randolph Fountain</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Lumber Checkers: Percy Garner</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Security: Pop Walker</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>First Aid: William P. Kennedy Sr. and Dr. Riley Burnett.</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Keels Laid</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>The Westergard Biloxi Boat Works laid the keel for a US Navy submarine chaser on&nbsp;21 October 1941. &nbsp;The second submarine chaser&nbsp;of the two-boat Navy contract was&nbsp;commenced in early&nbsp;November 1941.&nbsp;&nbsp;Frederick D. Lawley(1878-1953),&nbsp;Boston naval architect,&nbsp;designed the vessels.&nbsp;&nbsp;The work was supervised by Navy Commander G.W. Thompson from the Ingalls Shipbuilding Corporation [Pascagoula].&nbsp;&nbsp;Biloxi resident supervisor was Leonard Mallory, formerly Captain of the North Wind, yacht of NOLA cinema magnate F.V. Richards.(The Daily Herald,&nbsp;October 22, 1941, p. 1 and&nbsp;November 5, 1941, p. 1)</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1942</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/FD%20LAWLEY.jpg\" style=\"height:200px; width:147px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Frederick D. Lawley</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:12px\">By&nbsp;May 1942, Frederick Damon Lawley, a naval architect and 1900 graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology [MIT], had arrived at Biloxi with his spouse, Minnie Josephine Cole [1879-1965].&nbsp;&nbsp;Both Boston natives, they settled into the Tivoli Hotel.&nbsp;&nbsp;Mr. Lawley was of the third generation of prominent Massachusetts boat builders.&nbsp;&nbsp;George F. Lawley Sr. [1823-1915], English grandfather, and George W. Lawley [1862-1940], father, had started the George Lawley &amp; Son Shipbuilding in 1866.&nbsp;&nbsp;The yard closed in 1945.&nbsp;&nbsp;Of note is that the Lawley’s built two defenders of the America Cup, Puritan [1885] and Mayflower [1886].[The Boston Herald,&nbsp;December 24, 1953 and The Boston Traveler,&nbsp;January 7, 1965]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>USS SC 650</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Westergard launched its first combat craft, the USS SC 650, a 110-foot, Submarine Chaser, on&nbsp;April 30, 1942.&nbsp;&nbsp;Victor B. Pringle, Master of Ceremonies, related that this Navy vessel was the first combat ship ever constructed at Biloxi.&nbsp;&nbsp;The traditional champagne bottle was cracked across the bow officially send the ship down the ways into Back Bay. Mrs. William P. Kennedy Jr. was the honored launcher. Biloxi dignitaries present were Mayor Louis Braun and R. Hart Chinn of the Port Commission. The Navy was represented by :&nbsp;&nbsp;[The Daily Herald,&nbsp;May 1, 1942, pp. 1-3]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>The keel for the first of ten minesweepers was laid on&nbsp;30 April 1941.[The Daily Herald,&nbsp;May 1, 1942, p. 1]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>USS SC 651</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>The second, 110-foot, Submarine Chaser the USS SC 651 was launched on&nbsp;May 14, 1942 in a low-key ceremony by Minnie J. Cole Lawley [1879-1965], spouse of Frederick ‘Fred’ Damon Lawley [1878-1953], naval architect and superintendent of construction at the Biloxi shipyard.&nbsp;&nbsp;Victor B. Pringle was master of ceremonies. Biloxi dignitaries present were Mayor Braun and R. Hart Chinn of the Port Commission. The Navy was represented by Lt. Commander G. C. Whiting of Pascagoula and Captain L.S. Border.&nbsp;&nbsp;Superintendent F.D. Lawley gave a short speech. [The Daily Herald,&nbsp;May 15, 1942, p. 5]</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Westergard%20April%201941-Launch%20SC%20650.jpg\" style=\"height:500px; width:693px\" /> </span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">Launching USS PC 650</span></strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:12px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">On&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">April 30</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, 1942, this 110-foot, submarine chaser was first combat ship to be constructed at Biloxi. &nbsp;It was sent down the ways into Back Bay from the Westergard Biloxi Boat Works by Beatrice Hardisty Kennedy [1906-1995], spouse of the companies president, William \'Big Bill\' &nbsp;P. Kennedy Jr. [1907-1967]. &nbsp;This small but industrious boat yard would by 1945 build submarine chasers, minesweepers, harbor tug boats and oil barges for the American armed forces and their European allies. &nbsp;Manned chiefly by indigenous boat carpenters and fishermen, Westgard\'s laborers and management &nbsp;would be recognized by the USN several times with its \"E\" Pennant, in recognition for its excellent construction. [L-R: Victor B. Pringle; Frederick Damon Lawley; Minnie J. Cole Lawley; Lt. Lindholm; Col. Arthur E. Brock Jr.; R. Hart Chinn; Thomas Pringle; Lt. Comm. F.F. Daly; Col. William J. Hanlon; Col. Robert M. Goldrick; Lt. Comm. G.C. Whiting; Beatrice H. Kennedy; William P. Kennedy Jr.; Biloxi Mayor Louis Braun.</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong>1942</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong>The Navy ‘E’ Pennant</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Westergard Biloxi Boat Works was recognized by the 8<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;District Naval Headquarters on several occasions for its excellence in constructing naval combat vessels and oil barges with efficiency and celerity.&nbsp;&nbsp;The first kudo from the US Navy occurred in February 1942 when Frank Knox, Navy Secretary, telegrammed the management that&nbsp;<strong><em>“on this occasion of the award of a special recognition of your outstanding accomplishment in war time shipbuilding for the United States permit me to offer congratulations and profound thanks to the men and management of the plant.”&nbsp;</em></strong>&nbsp;The Navy ‘E’ Pennant was sparsely awarded because of its high standards.&nbsp;At this time, only 16&nbsp;companies of the US Navy\'s 174 defense contractors had&nbsp;received the honor.[The Daily Herald, February 16, 1942, p. 9 and February 19, 1942, p. 1 and p. 6]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>On December 1, 1942, the&nbsp;Westergard Boat Works was again recognized by the US Navy for its excellence in building boats&nbsp;and barges.&nbsp; 8th&nbsp;District Naval Headquarters awarded the plant with the Navy ‘E’ Pennant with two white stars.&nbsp; Each white star affirmed that the shipyard had continued their excellence an additional six months.[The Daily Herald, November 30, 1942, p. 6 and December 8, 1942, p. 1]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In February 1943, Victor B. Pringle [1909-1977], Westergard’s secretary and perennial master of company held ceremonies, proudly related to the audience that the plant again had been recognized by the US Navy for its efficiency and workmanship and presented with another US Navy ‘E’ Pennant. The occasion was the launching of BYMS 2059, its fifth minesweeper.[The Daily Herald, February 9, 1943, p. 1]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The work force at Westergard continued its excellent wok and the Navy ‘E’ Award arrived again in August.&nbsp;&nbsp;Admiral C.C. Block wrote to W.P. Kennedy Jr. as follows:&nbsp;<strong><em>“The men and women have received a signal honor by continuing their splendid production record.&nbsp;&nbsp;The management and employees of the plant have indicated their solid determination and abilities to support our fighting forces by supplying equipment needed for the ultimate victory.”</em></strong>[The Daily Herald, August 26, 1943, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In May 1944, the fourth star was added to Westergard’s US Navy ‘E’ Pennant for meritorious services and high standards in shipbuilding.[The Daily Herald, May 13, 1944, p. 1]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong>Biloxi Defense Vocational School</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>On&nbsp;July 4, 1942, the new vocational school was dedicated at the Porter Avenue campus.&nbsp;&nbsp;The intent was to provide youths 18 years and older with the opportunity to learn manual skills needed at the Westergard Biloxi Boat Works.&nbsp;&nbsp;Initially, three disciplines were taught pro bono:&nbsp;&nbsp;carpentry, sheet metal fabrication and marine pipefitting.&nbsp;&nbsp;Ship carpentry classes with the capacity for 80 students per day were held in the Biloxi High School gym and the discipline taught by F.A. Moran and R.F Chambers.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Sheet metal shop was led by D.C. Rutledge.&nbsp;&nbsp;It could accommodate 60 men daily for instruction.&nbsp;&nbsp;Marine pipefitting was under the supervision of A.F. Cauzabon and A.L. Jacquet.&nbsp;&nbsp;The course was limited to 72 men daily.&nbsp;&nbsp;These courses were held on Porter Avenue in what had once been the West End School, but now used by the American Legion.[The Daily Herald,&nbsp;July 3, 1942, p.&nbsp;&nbsp;2]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>For an unknown reason, this initial effort at Biloxi’s manual training school did not work.&nbsp;&nbsp;In early&nbsp;September 1942, Leonard Mallory [1899-1970], Navy inspector, W.P. Kennedy Jr., Westergard, president, George W. Ditto [1895-1975] Biloxi school superintendent, and C.L. Charbonneau of the State Department and foremen and leaders from the shipyard met and discussed and planned to reorganize the vocational training effort.&nbsp;&nbsp;A new school was planned with the following courses of instruction: ship carpentry and blue printing reading as related to carpentry, shipboard electrical circuits and pipefitting. Classes were open to Biloxians&nbsp;&nbsp;and current Westergard employees who wanted to learn another manual discipline.&nbsp;&nbsp;Mr. Charbonneau left the group with this caveat;&nbsp;equipment now in Biloxi has a value of $6000.&nbsp;&nbsp;If it is not utilized immediately it will be shipped to another location.[The Daily Herald,&nbsp;September 10, 1942, p. 7]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Response to the re-opening of the vocational school was very positive.&nbsp;&nbsp;More than 50 interested individuals, most of them employees of Westergard, demonstrated an interest in enrolling in the program.&nbsp;&nbsp;Registration was held on 15 September with classes meeting 2 1/2 hours in the evening three nights each week.[The Daily Herald,&nbsp;September 14, 1942, p. 10]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In mid-September Director Leonard Mallory announced that the Defense Vocational School would now offer women, eighteen years and older, the opportunity to learn a skill associated with the war effort.&nbsp;&nbsp;Blueprint reading, a special course in tracing and blueprint interpretation, would be taught three nights each week at the Lopez Elementary School on West Howard Avenue.&nbsp;&nbsp;A minimum of 15 applicants were required to commence a new class.&nbsp;&nbsp;Jesse L. Weeks, an employee of Westergard, would instruct the ladies. In addition Mr. Mallory related that school had 42 men engaged in the ship carpentry class and 47 in the advanced blueprint reading class for shipboard pipefitter and electricians.[The Daily Herald, September 17, 1942, p. 6 and September 25, 1942, p. 19]&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>In early&nbsp;December 1942, Leonard Mallory [1899-1970], director of the school, announced that a new class, ‘Machine Shop Practice’, would be offered.&nbsp;&nbsp;He cautioned the public that with the paucity of interest in this facility that this might be the last attempt to provide a free vocational education to young Biloxians.&nbsp;&nbsp;Instructors selected were Leon Joseph ‘Joe’ Scholtes [1917-1994] and James R. McElroy [1886-1963], both local and well-respected machinists, and also in the employ of Westergard.&nbsp;&nbsp;The instructions were presented at the American Legion Hall on Porter Avenue in such a manner that any student after completing the 75 hours of class time could be hired as a machinist helper.&nbsp;&nbsp;McElroy and Scholtes intents was to share their extensive knowledge of the following: tool handling; how to set up machinery in the shop; sharpening and grinding of cutters; measuring as applied to machines; pipefitting and fabrication; boiler making; and blueprint interpretation.[The Daily Herald,&nbsp;December 5, 1942, p. 3]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Only 11 people enrolled in the ‘Machine Shop Practice’ class at the Legion Hall on Porter Avenue.&nbsp;&nbsp;More students were anticipated as entry level positions in the machine shop at Westergard and elsewhere were in demand.&nbsp;&nbsp;Among the enrollees were: L.E. Capuano; Otis Cates; R.P. Cox; E.J. DeRouen; R.P. Eskald; Curtis R. Harrison; Herron Kennedy; Elliot Miller; Norman Schonewitz; Albert Strangi; and Rambaut Williams.&nbsp;&nbsp;The classroom was equipped with lathes, grinders, drill presses and other machine shop tools germane to the education of an apprentice in this field of endeavor.&nbsp;&nbsp;Westergard furnished rough stock and other materials to the school in appreciation for the efforts of local educators to provide this service to the community.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[The Daily Herald, December 8, 1942, p. 8]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>When the boat building class, also situated in the American Legion Hall, finished its first project, the Legionaires donated it to the local Boy Scouts.[December 8, 1942, p. 8]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong>Plant Expansion</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In September 1942, with continued development at the shipyard, Westergard petitioned the Army Corps of Engineers at Mobile to erect two boat launching ways.&nbsp;&nbsp;The se structures were 12 feet wide and extended about 150 feet in Biloxi’s Back Bay.[The Daily Herald, September 18, 1942, p. 7]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Westegard%20minesweeper%20_1.jpg\" style=\"height:300px; width:444px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">The Navy ‘E’ Pennant-Westergard Biloxi Boat Works was recognized by the 8<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;District Naval Headquarters on several occasions for its excellence in constructing naval combat vessels and oil barges with efficiency and celerity.&nbsp;&nbsp;The first kudo from the US Navy occurred in&nbsp;February 1942&nbsp;when Frank Knox, Navy Secretary, telegrammed the management that&nbsp;<em>“on this occasion of the award of a special recognition of your outstanding accomplishment in war time shipbuilding for the United States permit me to offer congratulations and profound thanks to the men and management of the plant.”&nbsp;</em>&nbsp;The Navy ‘E’ Pennant was sparsely awarded because of its high standards. At this time, only 16&nbsp;companies of the US Navy\'s 174 defense&nbsp;contractors&nbsp;had&nbsp;received the honor. &nbsp;Note the Navy \'E\' Pennant&nbsp;drapped across the bow of J 858, a minesweeper, almost ready for launching into Back Bay. &nbsp;Workmen are preparing the dedication platform in anticipation of the future occasion.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong>Third Boat Launching</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>The first anniversary of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor saw Margaret Woodley Pringle, [1911-1997], wife of Victor B. Pringle, Biloxi attorney, Westergard investor and master of ceremonies at the shipyard’s public functions, christen BYMS 2055, the first of ten minesweepers built at the Westergard plant.&nbsp;&nbsp;These wooden watercraft participated in Operation Overlord, the June 1944 invasion of Normandy, by clearing the English Channel of German mines.[The Daily Herald, December 8, 1942, p. 1]</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong>Mayor Braun appreciated</strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>In mid-December, outgoing&nbsp;Mayor Louis J. Braun&nbsp;(1890-1951), was&nbsp;presented a 1941 Plymouth coupe and war bonds&nbsp;by James S. Love Jr., manager of the Buena Vista and White House Hotels, in appreciation for his outstanding service&nbsp;to the City of Biloxi during his recent term. &nbsp;During&nbsp;Braun\'s four years as Biloxi\'s Mayor the citizens saw the following accomplished: &nbsp;Keesler Field;&nbsp;Biloxi Community House;&nbsp;USO Building;&nbsp;Westergard Boat Works; a&nbsp;two-lane Beach Drive; a&nbsp;new sewer and water works&nbsp;system; and the&nbsp;filling-in of low lands in eastern Biloxi&nbsp;with channel spoil.(The Daily Herald,&nbsp;December 16, 1942, p. 1)</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Twin Launching</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Westergard experienced its first dual launch on 15 January 1943.&nbsp;&nbsp;Sponsors for the watercraft were Nell Goodman [1905-1995], spouse of Warren B. Goodman [1901-1971], and Marjorie Robertson of Chicago.&nbsp;&nbsp;She was the sister of Lt. Hugh Robertson Jr., USN.[The Daily Herald, January 16, 1943, p. 1</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1943</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Minesweeper Launched and Navy ‘E’ Pennant</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Westergard had its fifth minesweeper launched in early February.&nbsp;&nbsp;Victor B. Pringle, perennial master of ceremonies, proudly related to the audience that the plant again had been recognized by the US Navy for its efficiency and workmanship and presented with another US Navy ‘E’ Pennant.&nbsp;&nbsp;Helen Harvey Hubbell [1905-1989], a schoolteacher and spouse of William F. Hubbell [1902-1983], supervisor of the yards machine shop, was the honoree of the champagne bottle.[The Daily Herald, February 9, 1943, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Oil Barges</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In mid-April 1943, a $2 million dollar boat contract was announced by Westergard’s management.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Army Engineers at Philadelphia had requested that 30 composite oil barges be built by the Biloxi yard.&nbsp;&nbsp;These vessels were utilized to transport gasoline from Texas and Louisiana refineries via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to Florida’s west coast where a pipeline would carry the refined products to Jacksonville.&nbsp;&nbsp;Here barges would be reloaded and deliver their hydrocarbon contents to the Atlantic seaboard via the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway.&nbsp;&nbsp;The project required five additional boat ways and the construction would be under the aegis of the Army District Engineer at Mobile.[The Daily Herald, April 14, 1943, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The oil barge contract called for an additional 800-feet of Back Bay frontage.&nbsp;&nbsp;The new plant would be managed by James W. Pringle and Connie Collins was named construction superintendent.&nbsp;&nbsp;[The Daily Herald, April 14, 1943, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In addition, the Moss Point Shipyard was also awarded a US Army barge contract in April.&nbsp;&nbsp;They were asked to build 20 wooden barges, 169 feet by 34 feet with a depth of ten feet.&nbsp;&nbsp;Four new boat ways were needed as well as an additional work force of between 70 and 175 men.&nbsp;&nbsp;The shipyard had 325 men on the payroll before the new barge work was ordered.[The Daily Herald, April 17, 1943, p. 7]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/USS%20PC%20651-Westegard-1941.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>USS PC 651</strong>-was the second vessel completed by Westergard Biloxi Boat Works.&nbsp;&nbsp;She was launched&nbsp;<span style=\"color:darkblue\">14 May 1942</span>&nbsp;only 2 weeks after her sister ship, USS PC 650, slid down the ways in Back Bay.&nbsp;&nbsp;The keel was laid&nbsp;<span style=\"color:darkblue\">14 November 1941</span>&nbsp;for this 110-foot, wooden combat vessel. The crew consisted of three officers and 25 sailors.&nbsp;&nbsp;After commissioning in&nbsp;<span style=\"color:darkblue\">August 1942</span>, PC 651 was given to the British Royal Navy and participated in D-Day, the Allied invasion of France in&nbsp;<span style=\"color:darkblue\">June 1944</span>.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Barge Yard Land Acquisition-Leases</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In order to procure the necessary acreage to build the US Army oil barges, the Biloxi Port Commission began acquiring leases west of the existing plant on Back Bay.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Dacey Lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In February 1943,&nbsp;the Heirs-at-Law of Claudia G. Vick Dacey (1869-1937) and Marguerite Dacey (1900-1942), executed a one-year lease with an option to purchase to officials of the Westergard Boat Yard, William P. Kennedy II (1873-1951), Victor B. Pringle (1909-1977), Thomas N. Pringle (1906-1970), James W. Pringle (1914-1971) and W.B. Goodman, a co-partnership, on three tracts of land situated on Rhodes Point on the Back Bay of Biloxi.&nbsp; These three contiguous tracts which were bisected by Bayview Avenue ran north for over 800 feet to Back Bay and were for the part 185 feet in width.&nbsp; The lease ran from&nbsp;February 20, 1943 to&nbsp;February 20, 1944 and cost $1200 per year.&nbsp; If the option were executed during the lease period, the Dacey Heirs would sell their three parcels for $8000.(Harrison Co. Chancery Court Land Deed Bk. 255, p. 69)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Fountain Lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In early&nbsp;March 1943, Frances Fountain Roberts, Ethel Fountain, Helen Fountain Fluker and Gussie E. Fountain Jr., the Heirs of Gussie Fountain Sr. entered into a lease agreement with the Westergard Boat Works.&nbsp;&nbsp;This lot had 62 feet on Back Bay and ran south 600 feet to Bayview Avenue.&nbsp;&nbsp;It was bounded on the east by the Braun Canning Company and the west by the Biloxi Port Commission and the People’s Bank of Biloxi.&nbsp;&nbsp;The rent was $400 for the first year with the lessee given a purchase option of $3600 after that had been concluded.(Harrison Co. Chancery Court Land Deed Bk. , p. 73)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>People’s Bank of Biloxi Lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The People’s Bank ease to Westergard Boat Works was very generous and extremely patriotic as it was a mere $20 per month. With 62 feet on Biloxi’s Back Bay and ran south across Bay View Avenue 450 feet to the property of Oris Danice.&nbsp; The Gussie Fountain Heirs were to the east and the Dacey Heirs to the west.(Harrison Co. Chancery Court Land Deed Bk. , p. 73)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Braun Lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Braun Canning Company entered into a lease with the Westergard Boat Works late&nbsp;March 1943.&nbsp;&nbsp;The rent was $500 each month until&nbsp;October 1943&nbsp;when it decreased to $400 per month.&nbsp;&nbsp;The tract had 114 feet on Back Bay; east by City of Biloxi; south by Bay View Avenue; and west by the Heirs of Gussie Fountain.[Harrison Co. Chancery Court Land Deed Bk.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;p. 76]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;Braun Canning Company and shell crushing plant has been closed&nbsp;and the property&nbsp;leased&nbsp;to the Westergard Boat Works.&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;company moved to another location&nbsp;on Back Bay.[The Daily Herald,&nbsp;May 4, 1943, p. 2]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;Braun Canning Company and shell crushing plant has been closed&nbsp;and the property&nbsp;leased&nbsp;to the Westergard Boat Works.&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;company moved to another location&nbsp;on Back Bay.[The Daily Herald, May 4, 1943, p. 2]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Barge Launch</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">On June 18th,&nbsp;Westergard launched its 2nd, composite oil barge.&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;$2,000,000 contract called for the construction of thirty oil barges&nbsp;to haul petroleum products from Texas-Louisiana to Jacksonville, Florida via the Intracoastal Waterway. &nbsp;The hydrocarbons were off-loaded to other barges for shipment to cities on the Atlantic Seaboard. &nbsp;The&nbsp;barges were 160 feet long, 34 feet wide, and 10 1/2 feet deep&nbsp;with the capacity for 6000 barrels. James W. Pringle was superintendent of the boatyard and Connie Collins supervised construction.(The Daily Herald, June 19, 1943, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Employee Housing</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">As Biloxi was witnessing exponential population growth at this time, public and residential housing was in demand.&nbsp;&nbsp;In late July, the Federal Housing Authority approved that 100 family dwellings be erected at Biloxi for civilian defense employees at Keesler Field and the Westergard Biloxi Boat Works.&nbsp;&nbsp;Bay View Homes, a Biloxi public housing complex, had 50-units allotted for Keesler laborers.&nbsp;&nbsp;As the airbase work declined, 40-units at Bay View Homes were to be occupied by Westergard employees.&nbsp;&nbsp;The new construction [sixplexes] was to be south of Harrison Court.&nbsp;&nbsp;I. Daniel Gehr, Biloxi architect, was involved in the project.[The Daily Herald, July 26, 1943, p. 1 and August 4, 1943, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Barge Reduction</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In early September, the management of the US Army Corp of Engineers at Philadelphia reassessed their oil barge construction progam and determined that they had overestimated the number of vessels needed.&nbsp;&nbsp;Their contract with Westergard Biloxi Boat Works was reduced.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Corps District office at Mobile related that this act was no reflection upon the quality of the watercraft that had been built by the Biloxi shipyard.&nbsp;&nbsp;Three oil barges under construction would terminate this program.[The Daily Herald, September 21, 1943, p. 2]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">[TO BE CONTINUED]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">[To Be Continued]</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">_____________________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">BOAT BUILDERS</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">North Biloxi [D\'IBERVILLE]</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>MANUEL SANCHEZ</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Federal Census, Circuit Court and Chancery Court land deed records of Harrison County, Mississippi indicate that <strong>Manuel Sanchez</strong> (1806-1877), a Spanish immigrant, arrived in the United States circa 1823. He probably came through the port of New Orleans and married a Louisiana woman, Phillipine or Phillipa (1791-1879), before settling at Back Bay (D’Iberville), probably in 1833 or 1834. Manuel Sanchez was naturalized on March 4, 1846. It can be deduced from the deed records that he bought three arpents, fronting 576 feet, on the north shore of the Back Bay of Biloxi from Dominique Ladner prior to October 1834. (HARCO, Ms. Circuit Court Natutalization Bk. 1, p. 126)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Manuel Sanchez was a ship carpenter and probably was the first to operate a shipyard at what became known as Shipyard Point at Back Bay. Bill Holland’s unique wooden boatyard on Central Avenue in D’Iberville is at or near the same location today. The other Sanchez land on the Back Bay was the site of the former St. Theresa Catholic School, just east of Bill Holland and south of the old Catholic Church.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Manuel Sanchez built the first Catholic chapel at Back Bay during the War of the Rebellion (1861-1865). He erected a large wooden crucifix on the shoreline, which was later replaced with an iron cross, forged at Handsboro. It became a local legend that this cross was planted by Iberville (1671-1706), the French-Canadian soldier of fortune who landed on Biloxi Bay in February 1699. (Bremer, 1931)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Sanchezs apparently had no children of their own, but appear to have left their land to Charles Manuel-Sanchez (1845-1897), a Black man who was probably their slave until Immancipation. Charles Sanchez sold a lot of land (89\'x160\') to Bishop Francis Janssen of the Diocese of Natchez in April 1884 (HARCO, Ms. Land Deed Book 20, pp. 88-89). This sale resulted in the construction of St. Theresa\'s Catholic Church (1884-1979).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Charles Sanchez appears to have reared Israel Sanchez, who he may have adopted emotionally, if not legally. When Charles Sanchez passed in July 1897, he legated his estate to Israel Sanchez. In his will, Charles Sanchez averred that he had \"raised (Israel) from a child\". (HARCO, Ms. Chancery Court Will Bk. 2, p. 43)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In March 1927, Mrs. Victoria R. Sanchez sold her ½ acre of land at Bayou Puerto situated in the NE/C of Lot 2, Section 13, T7S-R9W, to W.J. Engbarth (1887-1957) and H. Gladney (1900-1978). She was residing in Harrison County at the time of the conveyance. Mrs. Sanchez had moved to the Back Bay section of Biloxi about 1921, and found work in the seafood industry. She expired in July 1961, and her remains were interred in the Martin Ryan Memorial Cemetery on Bayou Puerto. (JXCO, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 60, p. 237 and&nbsp;<em>The Daily Herald, July 24, 1961, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">_________________________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>JOSEPH SANTA CRUZ</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>JOHN SANTA CRUZ</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>JOHN FORETICH</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ANTOINE FOUNTAIN</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Antpoine Fountain(1848-1916)</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;Ship carpenter in 1900.&nbsp; Son of Francois Fountain and Julienne Ladner.&nbsp; Married Willamine Young (1848-1910) in 1870.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>CASMIR&nbsp;J. Harvey&nbsp;</strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">(1845-1904)&nbsp;</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Casimir \"Boy\" Jacob Harvey Jr.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>MARTIN FOUNTAIN</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Probably one of the most acclaimed boat builders of the Mississippi coast, <strong>Martin Fountain </strong>(1856-1938), got his start at Point St. Martin.&nbsp;&nbsp;He was born in the area, the last child of Francois Fountain (c.1798-c.1885) and Julienne Ladner (1815-c. 1876).&nbsp;&nbsp;In 1882,&nbsp;<em>The Biloxi Herald</em>&nbsp;of May 7, 1892, announced that, \"Martin Fountain and S. Ladnier, of Jackson County, are building a fine shipyard for their own use, though outsiders can also be accommodated\".&nbsp;&nbsp;Fountain built many Biloxi schooners.&nbsp;&nbsp;His home was located on what later became known as Birdsell\'s Hill, after Charles M. Birdsell.[The Biloxi Herald, May 7, 1892, p. 4]&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Martin Fountain moved to Biloxi about 1903 and continued his shipbuilding skills there.&nbsp;&nbsp;Other boat builders of note in the area were Willie Fountain (1882-1963), J. Henry Cannette (1887-1969), who was known for his catboat construction, and Herman Kelly (1881-1948), who built shrimp trawlers on the Fountain Beach after WW II.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi Herald, \"Point St. Martin\", May 7, 1892.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Casimir J. Harvey</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp;<strong>Casimir Jacob Harvey</strong> (1845-1904) was the son of <strong>Pierre Harvey</strong>&nbsp;(1810-1893) and <strong>Zeline Moran</strong> (1811-1883).&nbsp; Both French appellations have been slightly anglicized-Harvey from Hervais or Herve and Moran from Morin.&nbsp; The 20th Century A.P. Moran (1897-1967) family of Ocean Springs can trace its roots here via Back Bay (D\'Iberville) and Biloxi.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">Casmir J. Harvey was reared at Back Bay on \"Harvey Hill\", an area north of present day Goodman Road.&nbsp; Several current \"historians\" obviously do not realize that this was the homestead of sailor, Pierre Harvey, not the Bayshore Drive location of his son, Casimir, which is often given in error.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">Living at Back Bay in the mid-19th Century, were some of the pioneer shipwrights of the Mississippi coast: Dalmatian, John Baptiste Foretich (1813-1875), Spanish born, Nicholas Voivedich (1822-1896), and Spaniards, Manuel Sanchez (1806-1871), Bernard Taltavull (1829-1870+), and Jose Santa Cruz (1809-1886).&nbsp; Young Casimir chose marine carpentry as his trade and probably apprenticed himself to Senor Santa Cruz.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">In October 1867, Casimir J. Harvey married Rosina Hosli (1852-1937), an 1856 immigrant from Canton Glarius, Switzerland.&nbsp; The Casimir J. Harvey home and shipyard were located on the waterfront of Back Bay, just west of the I-110 Bridge.&nbsp; Here the Harveys reared their family: Casimir J. Harvey, Jr. (1868-1957), Margaret H. Mulholland&nbsp;(1870-1900+), Maria R. Harvey (1873-1876), Caroline H. Saujon (1875-1918), Pauline H. Clifford (1878-1967), Claurine H. Holloway (1881-1940), Peter Harvey (1885-1904+), Emma Agnes Harvey (1889-1968), and Ida H. Santa Cruz (1892-1964).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">Hurricane Camille (1969) destroyed the Harvey home, which was a one-story, wood frame Acadian cottage.&nbsp; Its three-bay front was capped by a hip roof.&nbsp; Casimir J.&nbsp; Harvey\'s granddaughter, H. Mercedes Holloway Guffey (1910-1998), resides today on the old home site at 3387 Bay Shore Drive, with her daughter, Joan Guffey.&nbsp; The second \"post office\" at Back Bay may have been located here as Casimir Harvey succeeded Annie Mallette Quave (1828-1904) as postmaster in April 1886.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">Casimir J. Harvey operated his shipyard a few hundred feet west of his home.&nbsp; Casimir\'s skill as a boat builder was boldly exhibited in his \"white winged queens\", the Biloxi schooner.&nbsp; He and Casimir J. Harvey, Jr. built many of these sleek fishing vessels for the pioneer seafood operators of Biloxi.&nbsp; Among their schooners were:&nbsp;<em><strong>Emily Montross</strong></em>&nbsp;(1878),&nbsp;<em><strong>H.T. Howard</strong></em>&nbsp;(1889),&nbsp;<em><strong>Fairy Queen</strong></em>&nbsp;(1890),&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;(1891), <strong>Ida Mae Harvey</strong>,&nbsp;<em><strong>Carroll Clifford</strong></em>,&nbsp;<em><strong>Wyandotte</strong></em>, and&nbsp;<em><strong>White Wing</strong></em>&nbsp;(all 1904),&nbsp;<em><strong>Algonquin</strong></em>&nbsp;(1905),&nbsp;<em><strong>Tuscarora</strong></em>&nbsp;(1905), and&nbsp;<em><strong>Sioux</strong></em>&nbsp;(1906).&nbsp; The&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;and crew were lost in the July Storm of 1916, at Schooner Harbor in the Chandeleur Islands (see&nbsp;<em>The Ocean Springs Record,&nbsp;The Emma Harvey:&nbsp; A Tale of the July Storm, July 7-July 21, 1994)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">For nearly three decades, the&nbsp;<em><strong>Fairy Queen</strong></em>&nbsp;was a familiar sight to residents of coastal West Jackson County as it plied the waters of Fort Bayou and Back Bay.&nbsp; W.W. Branigar, brother of Harvey W. Branigar (1875-1953), a founder of Gulf Hills in 1926, organized the Fairy Queen Ship Company in 1927.&nbsp; It served that verdant resort as a pleasure craft to entertain guests.&nbsp; In March 1890, a reporter for&nbsp;<em>The Biloxi Herald&nbsp;</em>visiting Back Bay, related in that venerable journal:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">Casmere Harvey\'s store is the first place that one strikes (when disembarking the ferry), and it is one that everybody can feel at home at.&nbsp; He carries a good stock of groceries and general merchandise as well as ship chandlery.&nbsp; Casmere has a tamed wild goose, and it is a beauty, for its kind.&nbsp; This web-footed customer follows Cass around like a dog, and when Cass is annoyed too much with its company he says:&nbsp; \"Go home and don\'t make a goose of yourself\".&nbsp; The goose goes.</span></strong></em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">With the shipyard busy and a prosperous retail store in operation, Casimir Harvey appears to have needed a place to relax and celebrate his success with his neighbors and in-laws.&nbsp; In December 1890, the Harrison County Board of Police granted him a license to retail vinous and spirituous liquors in quantities less than one gallon.&nbsp; The license was good for twelve months \"in his barroom situated at the south end of Wells Road (now Boney Avenue) about where said road intersects the Back Bay of Biloxi\".(Harrison County, Ms. Board of Police Minute Book 4, p. 80)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">Casimir J. Harvey and his young brother, Philip Harvey (1851-1918), were involved in local horse racing and trading.&nbsp; Phil Harvey especially developed a reputation as a knowledgeable horseman at Back Bay and Point St. Martin where he later resided and operated a store.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia\">There appears to have been two excellent horseracing tracks in the North Bay area at the turn of the Century.&nbsp; Present day Race Track Road owes its descriptive appellation to the \"Sport of Kings\".&nbsp; Several reports in&nbsp;<em>The Biloxi Herald</em>&nbsp;of March 1890, related the Harvey brothers involvement in this activity:&nbsp;&nbsp;<em><strong>Casmere Harvey is proud in the possession of one of the fleetest horses on the coast, and Clara P., for symmetry and beauty of proportion in limb and length is hard to beat.</strong></em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<em><strong>Casmere Harvey has sold his celebrated racer \"Cannon Ball\".</strong></em>&nbsp;<em><strong>&nbsp;In horse trading, Mr. Phillip Harvey has no rival.&nbsp; No equine beauty passes his critical eye without a bid; and he invariably, like the notorious Eli, gets there.</strong></em>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<em><strong>Phil Harvey had a good trip of over thirty-five miles in the country in the early part of the week after a runaway horse.&nbsp; He got his strayed animal and did some profitable horse trading at the same time.&nbsp; Nothing slow about Phil.</strong></em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:14pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Biloxi schooner-Emma Harvey_0.JPG\" style=\"height:271px; width:640px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The <strong><u><em>Emma Harvey</em></u></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">According to the indigenous people of coastal Mobile County, Alabama, the high tides and strong winds of Hurricane Frederick on September 12, 1979, blew this Casmir Harvey built schooner into the wide expanses of the Mon Island Marsh or Portersville Bay to the west of Cedar Point.&nbsp; The fate or position of the&nbsp;<strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong>&nbsp;is presently unknown, but it is generally held that the Biloxi built schooner was destroyed by Hurricane Frederick.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">\"EMMA HARVEY\":&nbsp; A TALE OF THE JULY STORM, 1916</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">The recent near miss of Tropical Storm Alberto on July 3, 1994 reminded me of an incident that happened on the Mississippi Coast seventy-eight years ago almost to the day. It is a true story well documented in the journals and lives of the people of that time.&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:arial; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">Ocean Springs</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">In the humid morning of July 6, 1916, railroad agent, John Drysdale (1869-1934), walked slowly across the L&amp;N Railroad Bridge from Ocean Springs towards Biloxi.&nbsp; Soon he would announce to the world the fate of his little town on the eastern shore of the Bay of Biloxi.&nbsp; During the early morning hours a hurricane struck the Mississippi Coast roaring through Ocean Springs with wind gusts up to 125 mph.&nbsp; Destruction wrought by the tempest was manifested in roof,&nbsp;fence, chimney, tree, and shed damage.&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:arial; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">No one was seriously injured, but plumber, George Dale (1872-1953), got a good scare when the Knights of Pythias Hall, which he was occupying during the storm got blown off its foundation.&nbsp; The colored Baptist Church was heavily hit by the strong wind force, and had to be demolished in the days following the storm.&nbsp;In the country, the Rose Farm north of Fort Bayou reported severe damage.&nbsp; At the C.E. Pabst (1851-1920) pecan orchards some of the older trees were damaged.&nbsp; More fortunate was Theo Bechtel (1863-1931) reporting only slight ruin to his potential crop.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:arial; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">Biloxi</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">At Biloxi, L&amp;N Agent Drysdale found that city in great suffering.&nbsp; The hurricane had struck there also with unrelenting fury.&nbsp; The Back Bay and Point Cadet areas were especially hit hard.&nbsp; It would be days and even weeks before all the news of the great natural disaster would be known.&nbsp;At the time many ships were operating in the Mississippi Sound.&nbsp; These vessels weren\'t outfitted with the communication and weather reporting devices we have today.&nbsp; Consequently, most of the sailors and their vessels were caught unprepared.&nbsp; Many of the Biloxi schooners were fortunate in that they were working near the partially sheltered Louisiana marshes.&nbsp; Other mariners sought haven in the lee of the offshore barrier islands.&nbsp; Those not so fortunate rode the storm out at sea.&nbsp; Most seamen made it home to their port.&nbsp; One small Biloxi schooner wasn\'t so fortunate. &nbsp;It was the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;and her story follows.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:arial; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-09-24%20at%203.43.05%20PM.png\" style=\"height:300px; width:514px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[courtesy of Russell Barnes-September 2020]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">The Emma Harvey</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">The&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;was a Biloxi schooner utilized in the tourist, shrimp and oyster industry of the Mississippi and Louisiana marshes in the early years of the 20<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;century.&nbsp; She was built by Casimir J. Harvey (1845-1904) at his Back Bay, now D\'Iberville, shipyard probably in 1891, and was named for his youngest daughter, Emma Agnes Harvey (1889-1968).&nbsp; &nbsp;The physical dimensions of the Emma Harvey as reported on its Master Carpenter\'s Certificate of Novemebr 1891 are as follows: length=37 feet, beam= 14 feet; and hole depth 6 feet.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">It &nbsp;is also documented that Casimir Harvey conveyed a schooner on May 25, 1889, to H.T. Howard.&nbsp; The boat was called the&nbsp;<em>H.T. Howard</em>, and was thirty six feet in length, fourteen and two sixteenth feet in breadth, three feet deep, and weighed eight and thirteen one hundredths tons.&nbsp;&nbsp;From Biloxi regatta entries, the Emma Harvey competed as a schooner in the under 40-foot class.[Chancery Court, Harrison Co., Mississippi Chattel Book 2, p. 232 and The Biloxi Daily Herald, August 19, 1900, p. 8]&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">The&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;participated in some of the early Biloxi schooner races.&nbsp; In the 1901 Biloxi Regatta, she withdrew before finishing the first round because of heavy seas. After the days of the White Winged Queens had passed, the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;was converted to a charter boat and trawler.&nbsp; She was last seen about 1978 in a canal at Cedar Point, Alabama north of Dauphin Island.&nbsp; Every ship has a tale to tell.&nbsp; The&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;has many and is an unusual craft as will be demonstrated.[The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 7, 1901, p. 1]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:arial; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">On Tuesday morning, the Fourth of July 1916, the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em><strong>&nbsp;</strong>owned by Ulysses (Lel) Desporte (1861-1927), a Biloxi, commercial, oyster dealer, departed Back Bay on a shrimping trip to Chandeleur Island.&nbsp; Unknown to Captain George Duggan and his crew who consisted of Arthur Duggan, Lawrence Bennett, John Helm [1893-1916], John McDuffy, and Jack Atkinson, an Englishman, a category three hurricane was poised to strike the Mississippi Gulf Coast the following afternoon (July 5th).</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:arial; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:arial; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">The July Storm</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">The July Storm as it is known in the annals of Gulf Coast meteorology came ashore between Ocean Springs and Pascagoula, Mississippi.&nbsp; During this tropical cyclone, several barometers in Biloxi registered 28.08\" of mercury.&nbsp; Although this was the lowest barometric pressure ever recorded to this date, it was relatively high when compared to the tornado-like Camille of August 1969, which had a record low pressure for any storm to that time of 26.58\" of mercury.&nbsp;Hurricane Wilma [2005] is now the record holder with a pressure of 26.05” of mercury.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">In the early hours of the tempest, the wind direction of the July Storm was northeast, but shifted to the west where it remained until it abated in the early hours of the morning of July 6.&nbsp; A wind velocity of 90 miles/hour was recorded at Biloxi.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:arial; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">The&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;reached Chandeleur Island and was at anchor in Schooner Harbor on the west side of the island. This fact was corroborated by Captain Robert Williams of the schooner,&nbsp;<em><strong>Lagoda</strong></em>, also a victim of the furious storm. Other ships in the immediate area were the schooners:&nbsp;<em><strong>Laguna</strong></em><strong><em>&nbsp;</em></strong>(Lagonia), and the&nbsp;<em><strong>Beulah D</strong></em><strong>.</strong>&nbsp; The crews of these vessels were rescued in the days immediately following the hurricane by boats from Biloxi.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:arial; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">A vivid description of the harrowing experience in the Chandeleurs aboard the<strong>&nbsp;</strong><em><strong>Beulah D</strong></em>&nbsp;is given by Louis Largilliere (1861-1950) in the July 10th, 1916,&nbsp;<em>The Daily Herald</em>&nbsp;(pp. 1 and 3).&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:arial; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia; font-size:12pt\">He stated that:&nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;</strong><em><strong>he never wanted to go through such an experience again and he is grateful that he reached the mainland again.&nbsp; The</strong></em><strong><em>&nbsp;</em></strong><em><strong><u>Beulah D</u></strong></em><strong><em>&nbsp;</em></strong><em><strong>was caught in the storm while at anchor in Chandeleur Sound near North Keys.&nbsp; After the blow had overtaken them they put out two anchors but they were of no avail and the schooner was carried about the Gulf for a distance of thirty five miles after the masts had&nbsp;&nbsp; both blown out by the gale.&nbsp; During the drifting of the boat the members aboard were compelled to remain below most of the time as the wind was so strong that had they attempted to walk on deck they would have been blown overboard and lost forever.&nbsp; The hatches of the boat were blown away and canvas had to be tacked down to keep out the torrents of rain.</strong></em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Wyandotte%2C%20Casimir%20Harvey-1904_0.jpg\" style=\"height:300px; width:556px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>Wyandotte</em></strong>-Another Casimer Harvey [1845-1904] built schooner depicted in this vintage postcard was the <strong><em>Wyandotte</em></strong>.&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;<em>Wyandotte</em>&nbsp;was constructed in 1904 for William F. Gorenflo [1844-1932], pioneer Biloxi seafood magnate and philanthropist.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Gorenflo factory was situated on Back Bay near Main Street.&nbsp;&nbsp;Like the&nbsp;<strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong>, the&nbsp;<strong><em>Wyandotte</em></strong>, was a victim of the 1916 July Storm.&nbsp;&nbsp;She was capsized and beat to pieces in Back Bay.[The Biloxi Daily Herald, January 27, 1904, p. 6 and The Daily Herald, July 7, 1916, p. 7]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">Search</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">In the days and weeks following the great blow, Lel Desporte sent out motor vessels, primarily the&nbsp;<em><strong>Ursula C</strong></em>, captained by Johnny Duggan or Boy Bennett.&nbsp; With other relatives of the missing crew, they made a complete search of Cat Island, the Chandeleurs, Cryhoe Bay, Point Comfort, Earl Island, Bird Island, Breton Island, Taylor\'s Pass, North Keys, Battle Door, Southwest keys, and Neptune, Louisiana.&nbsp; This valiant search of the western sector discovered the abandoned schooner,<strong>&nbsp;</strong><em><strong>Segura</strong></em>, and the schooner barge,&nbsp;<em><strong>Hussler</strong></em>, both from Biloxi at Cryhoe Bay in the Louisiana marshes.&nbsp; At Taylor\'s Pass, they located a drowned fisherman.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">The only physical sign of the&nbsp;<strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong>&nbsp;after the great storm in the Chandeleurs was reported by Captain G.L. Fields of the schooner,&nbsp;<em><strong>Beulah D</strong></em>, who stated that when his crew went ashore on the island to search for signs of the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>, they found nothing but a small meat board and small pieces of rope that had drifted ashore from some boat during the gale.&nbsp; They could see in the sand where the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;was believed to have dragged her two anchors in her&nbsp;journey across the island to the east during the blow.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">By late July, the hunt for the missing schooner continued aboard the&nbsp;<em><strong>Ursula C</strong></em><strong>&nbsp;</strong>now captained by Floyd Lanius [1886-1936].&nbsp; Henry and Fred Duggan, son of Captain George Duggan, were&nbsp;also aboard.&nbsp; The search party now concentrated its relentless efforts to the east combing Horn, Petit Bois, Dauphin, and lesser islands in that area.&nbsp; They also went to Pascagoula, Mobile, and the west Florida coast seeking information and leads.&nbsp;There were some sightings in the eastern Gulf, which gave hope for locating the missing crew and boat.&nbsp; The Coast Guard cutter,&nbsp;<em><strong>Tallapoosa</strong></em>, reported on July 11 that it had passed a schooner\'s mast twelve feet out of the water at Latitude 29.18 N and Longitude 86.55 W (approximately 100 miles southeast of Pensacola).&nbsp; About the same time, the private yacht,&nbsp;<em><strong>Shirin</strong></em>, of New Orleans passed a vessel within six miles of Grant\'s Pass (near Dauphin Island) with its right side up.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">An unusual event occurred on August 2, when Martin Lomax, a teenage lad from Biloxi, found a bottle with a note in it on the south side of Deer Island.&nbsp; The note read:&nbsp;<strong><em>\"Help.&nbsp; Help. On an unknown island\"</em></strong>.&nbsp; Signed George Duggan and crew.&nbsp; Some thought the note a hoax while others believed John Helm had written it since he always carried an empty flask in his pocket when at sea to be prepared for the emergency of a shipwreck.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Helm%20on%20Emma%20Harvey.jpg\" style=\"height:300px; width:196px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong>John Henry Helm</strong><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:cambria; font-size:medium\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family:cambria; font-size:medium\">[1893-1916]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>John Henry Helm</strong><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">[1893-1916]-Young Helm was a crewman on the ill-fated</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">on that July 5</span><sup>th</sup><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">day of 1916.</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">He was a NOLA native of German ancestry.</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">John Helm had the reputation of carrying a vial or bottle to sea.</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">He envisioned that in an emergency situation, a message could be written, placed in the sealed vial and thrown overboard to be carried by winds and tides hopefully to be discovered someday revealing his fate.</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">In August 1916, the overturned hull of the ravaged</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">was found south of Santa Rosa Island near Pensacola, Florida.</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;Helm’s remains of those of his shipmates have never been located.</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span><strong><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">Found</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">The destiny of the vanished&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;was revealed to the world on August 12, when the lost schooner was located by two fishing boats from Pensacola.&nbsp; She was found floating bottom&nbsp;side up about twenty-five miles from Pensacola (other reports point to a location of seventy five miles).&nbsp; No sign of Captain Duggan or any members of his crew were ever found.&nbsp; The derelict vessel was towed to a mooring point near the Perdido Wharf in Pensacola by the tug,&nbsp;<em><strong>William Flanders</strong></em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">Mr. Bruce S. Weeks, Deputy Collector of Customs at Pensacola, stated in his report of the incident the following:<strong>&nbsp;</strong><em><strong>There are absolutely no indications that the crew of the</strong></em><strong><em>&nbsp;</em></strong><em><strong><u>Emma Harvey&nbsp;</u></strong></em><em><strong>was saved and he expressed the opinion that the men from Biloxi, who went to the Chandeleur Islands on July 5, were lost in the hurricane, which swept over the Gulf on that date.&nbsp; No indication of crew and there does not seem to be much probability that they ever got away in the boats.&nbsp; The crew evidently cut away the rigging on the starboard side, but failed to cut it on the lee side first, and apparently, the rigging went over the port side, hung and the vessel simply turned over.&nbsp; The anchors appear to have been out, but only a short length of chain.&nbsp;</strong></em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">The Biloxi schooner,&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>, was deemed worth saving by Captain Rocheblane of the towing vessel,&nbsp;<em><strong>William Flanders</strong></em>, but because of the great salvage and towing expense, Lel Desporte decided to dispose of her in Pensacola.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">The precedent information was assimilated from&nbsp;<em>The Daily Herald</em>&nbsp;in the issues July 7, 1916 through August 29, 1916.&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;<strong>Frank J. Duggan</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">A personal perspective of the incident is given by Frank J. Duggan (1912-2000) who is the sole surviving son of the skipper of the&nbsp;<em>Emma Harvey</em>, George Duggan.&nbsp; Frank Duggan resides at 344 Fayard Street in Biloxi on the site that his family moved to circa 1905.&nbsp; Previously the Duggans lived at 747 Reynoir.&nbsp; As Frank Duggan was only four years of age when his father, George, brother, Arthur, and cousin, Lawrence Bennett drowned that stormy July 5th evening east of the Chandeleurs, it wasn\'t until years later at the dinner table or while drinking beer with his older brothers, Charlie and Fred Duggan, that he would hear the familial version of the&nbsp;<em>Emma Harvey&nbsp;</em>disaster.&nbsp; The following narrative is a summary of the tale of the&nbsp;<em>Emma Harvey</em>&nbsp;as told to me by Frank J. Duggan on December 17, 1990.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">The voyage to Chandeleur commenced as a suggestion from Johhny McDuffy when he told George Duggan, \"hey, Cap, they\'re slaughtering shrimp out there and getting redfish with them in the seine\".&nbsp; Captain Duggan mustered his crew, but son, Fred had disappeared to parts unknown.&nbsp; When the anchor was weighed, Fred Duggan was replaced by his brother, Arthur, a newly wed.&nbsp; Arthur was eager to earn good wages for his new family situation.</span></strong></em><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;&nbsp;<em><strong>Fred Duggan who had sailed on the</strong></em><strong><em>&nbsp;</em></strong><em><strong><u>Emma Harvey</u></strong></em><strong><em>&nbsp;</em></strong><em><strong>many times with his father never liked the little vessel, and thought it unsafe in rough weather.&nbsp; He referred to it as a \"deathtrap\" and admonished Charlie Duggan to never sail on her.&nbsp; Fred preferred the larger schooner,</strong></em><strong><em>&nbsp;</em></strong><em><strong><u>Cavalier</u></strong></em><em><strong>, and could never understand his dad\'s love for the smaller boat.&nbsp; The tragedy of the July Storm of 1916 has remained with the Duggan Family through the years as one would expect from such a sudden loss of loved ones</strong></em><strong>.</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></em></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">After the</span></em></strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></em></strong><strong><em><u><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">Emma Harvey</span></u></em></strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></em></strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">was towed into Pensacola and salvaged, a Miami man bought it from salvagers.&nbsp; He had it towed to southern Florida, and refurbished it with a new cabin, engine, and trawls.&nbsp; The US Coast Guard became suspicious of the vessel since it never seemed to utilize it fishing gear.&nbsp; When they boarded the craft, a cargo of illicit Cuban spirits was discovered in the hole.&nbsp; The rum runner was confiscated and sold at a sealed bid auction in Miami as a victim of the Prohibition enforcement years (1919-1933).&nbsp; The purchaser, an Alabama man, returned the</span></em></strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></em></strong><strong><em><u><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">Emma Harvey</span></u></em></strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">&nbsp;</span></em></strong><strong><em><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">to the Gulf Coast, probably to Bon Secour, Alabama</span></em></strong><em><span style=\"font-family:cambria; font-size:12pt\">.</span></em></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Cedar Point, Alabama</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">A trip by the author, to Cedar Point and Dauphin Island, Alabama on December 31, 1990 resulted in telephone conservations with Sadie Mae Collier Serra and John Henry Lamey.&nbsp; Sadie Serra is the daughter of Frank Collier.&nbsp; According to her, Frank Collier obtained the <strong><em>Emma Harvey</em> </strong>from a Bon Secour man in a trade.&nbsp; The man may have been John Steiner or Budgey Plash.&nbsp; Collier gave $800 worth of fine oysters for the vessel.&nbsp;Mrs. Serra, the tenth of eleven Collier children, told of her father\'s success as a business man in Mobile County.&nbsp; Frank Collier and two associates owned twenty-five boats, a canning factory and grocery store on Dauphin Island, and an ice plant at Mobile.&nbsp; A disastrous fire at the ice plant and the Great Depression combined to bring the Colliers to financial chaos.&nbsp; They moved to Cedar Point circa 1933 with only 75 cents in the family treasury.&nbsp; Frank Collier began life anew by oystering in the bay.&nbsp; His wife opened the mollusks and sold them.&nbsp; This \"mom and pop\" operation&nbsp;slowly grew, and the Collier children were integrated into the operation as their age allowed.&nbsp; Sadie Mae Serra said that the Collier fortunes improved rapidly after the <strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong> acquisition.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Initially, the old Biloxi schooner was put to work as a ferryboat transporting people, mail, automobiles, and cattle from Cedar Point to the island.&nbsp; The Colliers ran a herd on the west end of Dauphin Island.&nbsp;Prior to World War II, the <strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong> would take day charters to the snapper banks.&nbsp; During the war years, fear of German submarines caused Captain Collier to ply the coastal and bay waters for trout.&nbsp; He would take as many as twenty people out for $30 per day and give them a delicious fish fry after the trip.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">During the September 1947 Hurricane, the <strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong> was trapped by low tide at her mooring in the Cedar Point canal.&nbsp; The Collier family left for higher ground.&nbsp; When they returned the next morning, they found the valiant little lady on high ground adjacent to their store.&nbsp; During the night of fierce winds and violent seas, the vessel had stood as a barrier to protect the Colliers\' building from storm tossed flotsam and other debris.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">John Henry Lamey, a neighbor to Sadie Mae Serra, at Alabama Port worked as a deckhand on the <strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong> in the 1940s and 1950s with Weldon \"Doc\" Collier, the brother of Sadie Serra.&nbsp; He vividly recalls the search and discovery of the wreckage of a National Airlines DC-6 airliner, which crashed into the Gulf about twelve miles south of Fort Morgan.&nbsp; The accident occurred in February 1953.&nbsp; The commercial aircraft was en route to Moissant Airport, now Louis Armstrong International, at New Orleans from Tampa when it went down as the result of turbulent weather.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Emma%20Harvey.%20Cedar%20Point%2C%20Alabama.jpg\" style=\"height:400px; width:705px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><em><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Emma Harvey</strong> </span></em><span style=\"font-size:14px\">[July 1971]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;In&nbsp;<span style=\"color:darkblue\">July 1971</span>, Lottie Duggan Foretich [1905-1994] visited this canal site at Cedar Point, Alabama, where the schooner Emma Harvey was moored. Her father, George Duggan, and brother, Arthur Duggan, died in the 1916 July Storm and their corporal remains were never found.&nbsp;&nbsp;According to the indigenous people of coastal Alabama, the high tides and strong winds of Hurricane Frederick on&nbsp;<span style=\"color:darkblue\">September 12</span>, 1979, blew the Casimir Harvey built schooner into the wide expanses of the&nbsp;<span style=\"color:darkblue\">Mon</span>Island marsh or Portersville Bay to the west of Cedar Point.&nbsp; The fate or position of the&nbsp;</span><em>Emma Harvey</em><span style=\"color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;is presently unknown, but it is generally held that the Back Bay, Biloxi built schooner was destroyed by Hurricane Frederick.[image from H. John Gutierrez &lt;myfamilyinfo.info&gt;]</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">After the Dauphin Island Causeway was completed in the 1950s, the <strong><em>Emma Harvey</em> </strong>plied the bay and Gulf waters as a shrimp trawler.&nbsp; According to the indigenous people of coastal Alabama, the high tides and strong winds of Hurricane Frederick on September 12, 1979, blew the Casmir Harvey built schooner into the wide expanses of the Mon Island marsh or Portersville Bay to the west of cedar Point.&nbsp; The fate or position of the <strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong> is presently unknown, but it is generally held that the Biloxi built schooner was destroyed by Hurricane Frederick.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Cedar Point, Alabama</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">A trip by the author, to Cedar Point and Dauphin Island, Alabama on December 31, 1990 resulted in telephone conservations with Sadie Mae Collier Serra and John Henry Lamey.&nbsp; Sadie Serra is the daughter of Frank Collier.&nbsp; According to her, Frank Collier obtained the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;from a Bon Secour, Alabama man in a trade.&nbsp; The man may have been John Steiner or Budgey Plash.&nbsp; Collier gave $800 worth of fine oysters for the vessel.&nbsp;Mrs. Serra, the tenth of eleven Collier children, told of her father\'s success as a business man in Mobile County.&nbsp; Frank Collier and two associates owned twenty-five boats, a canning factory and grocery store on Dauphin Island, and an ice plant at Mobile.&nbsp; A disastrous fire at the ice plant and the Great Depression combined to bring the Colliers to financial chaos.&nbsp; They moved to Cedar Point circa 1933 with only 75 cents in the family treasury.&nbsp; Frank Collier began life anew by oystering in the bay.&nbsp; His wife opened the mollusks and sold them.&nbsp; This \"mom and pop\" operation&nbsp;slowly grew, and the Collier children were integrated into the operation as their age allowed.&nbsp; Sadie Mae Serra said that the Collier fortunes improved rapidly after the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;acquisition.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Initially, the old Biloxi schooner was put to work as a ferryboat transporting people, mail, automobiles, and cattle from Cedar Point to the island.&nbsp; The Colliers ran a herd on the west end of Dauphin Island.&nbsp;Prior to World War II, the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;would take day charters to the snapper banks.&nbsp; During the war years, fear of German submarines caused Captain Collier to ply the coastal and bay waters for trout.&nbsp; He would take as many as twenty people out for $30 per day and give them a delicious fish fry after the trip.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">During the September 1947 Hurricane, the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;was trapped by low tide at her mooring in the Cedar Point canal.&nbsp; The Collier family left for higher ground.&nbsp; When they returned the next morning, they found the valiant little lady on high ground adjacent to their store.&nbsp; During the night of fierce winds and violent seas, the vessel had stood as a barrier to protect the Colliers\' building from storm tossed flotsam and other debris.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">John Henry Lamey, a neighbor to Sadie Mae Serra, at Alabama Port worked as a deckhand on the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;in the 1940s and 1950s with Weldon \"Doc\" Collier, the brother of Sadie Serra.&nbsp; He vividly recalls the search and discovery of the wreckage of a National Airlines DC-6 airliner, which crashed into the Gulf about twelve miles south of Fort Morgan.&nbsp; The accident occurred in February 1953.&nbsp; The commercial aircraft was en route to Moissant Airport, now Louis Armstrong International, at New Orleans from Tampa when it went down as the result of turbulent weather.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">After the Dauphin Island Causeway was completed in the 1950s, the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;plied the bay and Gulf waters as a shrimp trawler.&nbsp; According to the indigenous people of coastal Alabama, the high tides and strong winds of Hurricane Frederick on September 12, 1979, blew the Casmir Harvey built schooner into the wide expanses of the Mon Island marsh or Portersville Bay to the west of cedar Point.&nbsp; The fate or position of the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;is presently unknown, but it is generally held that the Biloxi built schooner was destroyed by Hurricane Frederick.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Pierre Hervai</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Pierre Harvey (1810-1893) was born in France about 1810.&nbsp; He is the patriarch of the Harvey family of the Mississippi Gulf Coast.&nbsp; It is not known precisely when Pierre Harvey came to the United States or from which French city or department that he immigrated.&nbsp; It is very likely that he arrived in the Back Bay (North Biloxi) community in the 1830s.&nbsp; Here, the young French seaman met and married Celina Morin (1811-1883) on February 20, 1840.&nbsp; The name Morin is now spelled Moran.&nbsp; The marriage of Pierre Harvey and Celina Moran was recorded in the Book of Marriages, Volume 8 (1840-1842), Folio 103 of the Archives of the St. Louis Cathedral at New Orleans.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Pierre Harvey and spouse had settled on the 46 acres in Section 17, T7S-R9W he had acquired from his father-in-law, Joseph Moran II, in 1842.&nbsp; He sold 37 acres to J.L. Lastinger reserving 9-acres which was probably the Harvey homestead.&nbsp;&nbsp; As one can see from the topographic map of the area, it was well named as it was called \"Harvey Hill\".&nbsp; The City of D’Iberville recently placed a historical marker for “Harvey Hill”.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">On March 2, 1846, Monsieur Harvai made the following statement in the Circuit Court of Harrison County: &nbsp;<em><strong>This day being a day of the term of said court the second day of March A.D. 1846 personally came and appeared in open court, Pier (sic ), who being duly sworn, and solemnly acclaim that it was his bonafied intention to become a citizen of the United States of America and to renounce forever all allegiance to any foreign state, prince, or sovereignty whatsoever and particularly to Louis Phillip King of the French he has heretofore been a subject.</strong></em>(Minutes of the HARCO, Ms. Circuit Court-Book 1, p. 116)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Pierre Harvey became a citizen of the United States of America on March 6, 1848.&nbsp; This act took place at the Harrison County Circuit Court at Mississippi City and was recorded in the Minutes of the HARCO, Ms. Circuit Court-Book 1, page 183.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Pierre and Celina Harvey lived on the Back Bay of Biloxi near her father, Joseph Moran II.&nbsp; Here he made his livelihood as a seaman and fisherman.&nbsp; Harvey probably toiled in the coastal schooner trade.&nbsp; Naval stores, salt, lumber and charcoal were produced locally and shipped to New Orleans and Mobile.&nbsp; The traders returned with food staples, tools, and cloth.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Morin (Moran) Family of the Mississippi Coast originated at St. Pierre-du-Sud, Quebec, Canada.&nbsp; Here Joseph Morin, was born of Denis Morin and Madeleine Boulet.&nbsp; He settled at Cat Island and married Louise Ladner, the daughter of Nicolas Ladner and Marie Anne Pacquet, in 1778.&nbsp; All of their children were born and reared at Cat Island.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Pierre Harvey died on September 30, 1893.&nbsp; Celina Moran Harvey preceded him in death.&nbsp; She expired on September 21, 1883.&nbsp; Their remains were probably interred in the Moran Cemetery at D’Iberville, Mississippi.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">To my present knowledge, Ocean Springs and Jackson County residents with direct familial connections to the&nbsp;<em><strong>Emma Harvey</strong></em>&nbsp;through its builder, Casimir J. Harvey (1845-1904), are: former Ward IV Alderman, Philip ‘Phil’ I. Harvey [1941-2012] and family; Carroll L. Clifford Jr. [1925-2006], former Jackson County Board of Supervisor from Gautier, and family; and myself.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Epilogue-</strong>Ocean Springs, Mississippi-July 7, 1994</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Today I receive a telephone call from Bobbie Bond Helm who resides at 309 Live Oak in Ocean Springs.&nbsp; She tells me that her husband, Joseph O. Helm, Jr., is the nephew of John Henry Helm (1893-1916) who was a crew member of the <strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong>.&nbsp; Mrs. Helm further details the Helm Family relating that there were four Helm brothers and a sister:&nbsp; Conrad (1890-1914), Martin (1891-1954), John Henry (1893-1916), Joseph O. (1896-1968), and Rita (1898).&nbsp; Their father, John G. Helm (1867-1949), of German ancestry was born at New Orleans while their mother was Josephine Molero (1858-1914) of St. Bernard, Parish.&nbsp; The Moleros were from the Canary Islands.&nbsp; All the Helm men&nbsp;were born at New Orleans, and died at Biloxi, except John who was lost at sea east of the Chandeleurs on July 5, 1916.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Frank J. Duggan (1912-2000), the son of Captain George Duggan, the skipper of the ill-fated, <strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong>, resided at Biloxi and was married to Carrie Mae Voivedich (1913-2001).&nbsp; She spent her formative years at Ocean Springs.&nbsp; Mrs. Duggan\'s father, Nichcolas Voivedich, owned a store, on Washington Avenue about where Miner\'s Toys is now located.&nbsp; The Voivedich Brothers store closed in the mid-1920s.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Familial connections to the <strong><em>Emma Harvey</em></strong> through its builder, Casmir J. Harvey (1845-1904), are: former Ward IV Alderman, Phil Harvey; Carroll Clifford, Jackson County Board of Supervisor from Gautier; and myself.&nbsp; Phil Harvey is as direct descendant of Pierre Harvey, Jr. (1841-1878) and Victoria Koehl (1850-1904). &nbsp;Mr. Clifford descends from the builder, Casmir Harvey and Rosina Husley (1852-1937), and I am a descendant of Marie Harvey (1840-1894), and Antoine Victor Bellande (1829-1918).&nbsp; Marie was the eldest child, of French immigrant, Pierre Harvey (probably Hervais or Herve) (1810-1880+), and Celestine Moran (1811-1883).&nbsp; Casmir, Pierre, Jr., and Marie Harvey, who were born at Back Bay (present day D\'Iberville), were siblings.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px;\">\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>WILLIE FOUNTAIN</strong>&nbsp;(1882-1963)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Died June 25, 1963.&nbsp; Married Tamelia Fossier (1879-1963).&nbsp; Located at Harrison County, north of Fountain Cemetery.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Viola Moore Cannette-August 1996.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">______________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>J. HENRY CANNETTE&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;(1887-1969)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Built catboats on west side of Avery Point.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">____________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>HERMAN KELLY</strong>&nbsp;(1890-1948)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Built boats on Fountain beach after WW II.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">__________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>WILLIAM T. HOLLAND&nbsp;</strong>(1943-2005+)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Boat yard located on the historic site of Manuel Sanchez and John Foretich at 9362 Central Avenue.&nbsp; Graduate of Biloxi High School?</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCE:</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi-D\'Iberville Press</em>,&nbsp;<strong>\"A part of South Mississippi\'s History\"</strong>, October 4, 1995, p. 13.</span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;<strong>FRANCIS A. TALTAVULL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>FRANCIS A. TALTAVULL</strong>&nbsp;(1851-1930) married Mary Margaret Bertheaud (1860-1904) on March 19, 1879.&nbsp; She was the daughter of Benjamin Bertheaud (d. pre 1866) and Anna Marie&nbsp;Abbley (1842-1917).&nbsp; The Bertheauds were married by Justice of the Peace, Berry Wells (1812-1876), on October 23, 1858, in&nbsp;Harrison&nbsp;County.&nbsp; Their other children were Rosalie Bertheaud (b.1862), and Mary Victorine Bertheaud (b. 1865).&nbsp; After the death of Benjamin Bertheaud, Anna Marie married Joseph Santa Cruz (1809-1886) on July 10, 1866.&nbsp; Anecdotal history relates that there were eight children born to this union, but only four sons survived: Fritz Santa Cruz (1870-1952), Rudolph Santa Cruz (1872-1932), Adolph Santa Cruz (1881-1972), and Randolph Santa Cruz (1882-1971).&nbsp; Joseph Santa Cruz was born at&nbsp;Palma&nbsp;on the&nbsp;island&nbsp;of&nbsp;Majorca.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In 1880, Francis and Margaret Taltavull were residing at&nbsp;Back Bay&nbsp;(now D\'Iberville) next to her mother, Mrs. Joseph Santa Cruz.&nbsp; Both men are ship carpenters.&nbsp; The children of Francis A. Taltavull and Marie Marguerite Bertheaud were: Mary “Maggie” T. Moran (1880-1948), wife of W.E. Moran; William Bernard Taltavull (1882-1948), Francis A. Taltavull (1883-1950), Alphonsine Taltavull (1885-1885?), and Margaret T. Venus (1888-1966), wife of Joseph Venus.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Frank Taltavull learned the Spanish language and the art of shipbuilding from his father, Bernard, on the shores of&nbsp;&nbsp;North Biloxi.&nbsp; His father took him to&nbsp;Cuba&nbsp;during the Civil War and he later worked for the Brooklyn Boat Works at&nbsp;New York City&nbsp;where he learned large shipbuilding methods.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In March 1880, Frank Taltavull bought a tract of land in a State tax sale for $3.20.&nbsp; It was formerly owned by William Sylvester.&nbsp; The land was located on the north&nbsp;shore&nbsp;of&nbsp;Back Bay&nbsp;and had one arpent (192 feet) on the water and was one mile deep.&nbsp; Pierre Quave was to the east and Joseph Moran to the west.&nbsp; There is a high degree of certitude that Taltavull located a shipyard here.&nbsp; This is corroborated by The Biloxi Herald of March 19, 1892.&nbsp; The journal announced that the new schooner, Emma R. Clemens, owned by John Moran was launched from Frank Taltavull\'s shipyard.&nbsp; Home belles who attended the ceremony were: Laura Quave, Coline Harvey, Virginia and Theresa Moran, Edna Studebaker,&nbsp;Lena&nbsp;and Josephine Newman, and Melissa and&nbsp; Viola Seymour.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Book 17, p. 370)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Frank Taltavull advertised his business in The Biloxi Herald of October 5, 1893 as follows:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>BACK BAY</strong>&nbsp;<strong>SHIP YARD</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>F. Taltavull practical Ship Carpenter and Boat Builder</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vessels built, hauled out and repaired on short notice and at reasonable prices.&nbsp; The yard is supplied with all the modern appliances necessary to do first class work, and vessels also hauled out by steam.</strong></em>(p. 4, c. 3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The October 1893 Hurricane washed away Taltavull\'s shipyard on&nbsp;Back Bay.&nbsp; Probably as a result of losing his business and to locate closer to the seafood canneries on the south&nbsp;shore&nbsp;of&nbsp;Back Bay, Frank Taltavull moved to&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;in 1894, and resided on&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<address>&nbsp;</address>\r\n\r\n<address><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Reynoir Street</span></span></address>\r\n\r\n<address><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"color:rgb(14, 75, 126)\">By 1895, he was operating a shipyard on&nbsp;</span>Back Bay<span style=\"color:rgb(14, 75, 126)\">.&nbsp; Mr. Taltavull was known for constructing fast sailboats, schooners, steam launches, and tugs.&nbsp;</span></span></span></address>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In May 1894, the new, 18-foot catboat, <em>Rosina</em>, built by Mr. Taltavull was for sale by Wallace Montross of the Montross Hotel.&nbsp; Asking price $65.(The Biloxi Herald, May 26, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Two Frank Taltavull built vessels, the schooner, <em>A. Gerdes and Brother</em>, and the steam tug, Julius Elbert, became involved on May 29, 1901.&nbsp; Captain Antoine V. Bellande (1829-1918) was in command of the schooner in the&nbsp;Mississippi Sound&nbsp;en route to Ocean Springs.&nbsp; The seven-man crew was below preparing for bed with a green sailor at the helm.&nbsp; The weather roughened and his inexperienced allowed the vessel to capsize.&nbsp; Captain Bellande and his crew were found by the Julius Elbert clinging to their stricken ship.&nbsp; They were rescued and having lost all their possession to the sea.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, May 29, 1901)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In 1905, the Taltavull &amp; Rerecich Shipyard is in operation at &nbsp;402 East Back Bay Avenue. &nbsp;<span style=\"color:rgb(14, 75, 126)\">It was sold by Bernard Taltavull to George Melvin in August 1908.&nbsp; Casimero Rerecish (1858-1918) was an 1896 Austrian (probably Croatian) immigrant.(HARCO, Ms. Chattel Bk. 10, p. 216.)</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Frank Taltavull was beset with eye disease in his old age.&nbsp; Described as “paralysis of the eye”, he visited an eye specialist at&nbsp;New Orleans&nbsp;in March 1928 with some relief.(The Daily Herald, March 26, 1928, p. 2)&nbsp;Mrs. Taltavull died on July 12, 1904.&nbsp; Mr. Frank</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Taltavull passed on January 6, 1930.&nbsp; Remains of both are interred at the&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;Cemetery.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Charles Dyer, Along The Gulf, \"Biloxi\", (reprinted by the Women of Trinity Episcopal Church:&nbsp; Pass Christian, Mississippi-1971).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Brother Jerome Lepre, The&nbsp;Santa Cruz&nbsp;Family, (Lepre: New Orleans, Louisiana-1990), pp. 49-52 and p. 59.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;City&nbsp;Directory, Volume 1-1905, (The Biloxi Daily Herald Printery:&nbsp; Biloxi, Mississippi-1905), p. 49 and p. 138.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Biloxi Cemetery Records Book E, \"Francis Taltavull Sr.\", (microfilm:&nbsp; Biloxi Public Library), p. 214.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Biloxi Herald, \"Launching of the new schooner, Emma R. Clemens\", March 19, 1892, p. 4.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;Herald, \"Terrific Gale\", October 5, 1893, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;Herald, “Local Happenings”, May 26, 1894.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;Daily Herald, May 29, 1901.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;Daily Herald, \"Moran-Taltavull\", January 26, 1905, p. 5.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;Daily Herald, “Venus-Taltavull”, November 26, 1908, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \"Casimero Reresich Obit\", February 8, 1918, p. 3.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, “Returns From&nbsp;New Orleans”, March 26, 1928.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Personal Communication:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rusty Barnes-November 1996.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Jane Taltavull Smith-November 1996.</span></span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>PETER QUAVE SHIPYARD</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Commenced either by Pierre \"Perrique\" Quave (1808-1889) or his son, Peter Simon Quave (1826-1862), or Raymond J. Quave (1851-1908).&nbsp; Perrique Quave left the area for St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana circa 1859.&nbsp; Peter S. Quave was killed at Mobile circa 1862, during the Civil&nbsp;War. &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Raymond, the father of Seymour.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Quave Shipyard was located on the northshore of the Back Bay of Biloxi.&nbsp; Its location is described in the land deeds books of Harrison County, Mississippi in one conveyance as ninety-eight feet on the bay, east by the \"old ferry landing\", and west by Christopher Quave, deceased.&nbsp; Another deed states that John Foretich is to the east, John Mally to the west, and the Quave house to the north.&nbsp; This location present day would probably be between&nbsp;the Gollott factory and Holland\'s shipyard.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Quave shipyard was leased by Pierre S. Quave\'s widow, Anna Mallette Quave (1828-1904), to Jose Aval in September 1867.&nbsp; It included the shipyard, houses, and all appurtenances situated on the tract.&nbsp; The lease was for five years at $100 per year rental.(HARCO, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 10, p. 281)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In December 1867, the Quave shipyard was leased to to Pedro Perez (1823-1886), a Spanish immigrant, and ship carpenter.&nbsp; Peter Perez was married to Josephine Gollott (1841-1897).&nbsp; Son?, Antonio Perez (1859-1893), lost his life in the 1893 Hurricane with Boy Balius aboard the&nbsp;schooner, Antonio P. Jr.(HARCO, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 10, p. 450 and&nbsp;<em>The Biloxi Herald</em>,&nbsp;<em>October 7, 1893, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Quave shipyard bought lumber from Fewell &amp; Lilly in 1870.&nbsp; Their sawmill was probaly located in Section 18, T7S-R9W.&nbsp; This is in the Old-Field point area west of Goodman Road. &nbsp;The Quave shipyard was still in existence by 1890s, as in January 1892,&nbsp;<em>The Biloxi Herald</em>&nbsp;announced that Peter Quave (1863-1936) is putting his shipyard in first-class order.<em>(The Biloxi Herald</em>,&nbsp;<em>January 30, 1892, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Quave shipyard is busy. &nbsp;Two bages were launched yesterday and sevral other boats are being repaired.[The Biloxi Herald, December 1, 1893, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Peter Quave was the grandson of the Widow Anna Mallette Quave.&nbsp; He was married to Alphonsine Boney (1863-1900+) and a merchant in 1900. &nbsp;Peter Quave built a seafood factory here later.&nbsp; It lasted into the Depression years.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald</em>, October 7, 1893, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald</em>,&nbsp;<strong>\"Back Bay\"</strong>, January 30, 1892, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>The Biloxi Herald</em><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">, <strong>\'Back Bay items\'</strong>, December 1, 1893, p. 1.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Biloxi Boat Builders</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">John C. Brander</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(250, 250, 250); color:rgb(54, 50, 45)\"><strong>John Charles Brander </strong>[1843-1913], a native of Nova Scotia and a resident of Biloxi for the past seven years, died at his home at 421 Copp street Sunday morning at 1:30 o\'clock after an illness of several weeks duration. He was 70 years old. Before coming to Biloxi he resided in Pascagoula where he was engaged in the ship building business. Since his removal to this city he has been proprietor of Brander\'s shipyard on Back Bay, where he has done a prosperous business, having built many of the boats plying in these waters for the various local canning factories. He was associated in the ship building business with his son, Francis, the only son surviving him. He leaves also his wife and six daughters: Mrs. Francis Taltavul and Misses Maggie, Lena, Alma, Gertrude and Velma Brander, all of Biloxi. Miss Lena Brander is a teacher in the Biloxi schools. The family is prominent in business and social circles in this city and have numerous friends in Pascagoula and at other coast points who will be grieved to learn of the death of Mr. Brander. He was a man of sterling qualities, unquestionable integrity, and always manifested a patriotic interest in everthing that concerned the home of his adoption. The funeral was held at 3:30 o\'clock this afternoon from his late residence with interment at the Biloxi cemetery. Services were conducted by Rev. Wm. Meggison, pastor of the Prebsyterian Church.[The Daily Herald, June 16, 1913]</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><br />\r\n&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-02-27%20at%204.41.34%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Francis A. Brander</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">REFERENCES:</span></span></strong></p>\r\n</div>\r\n', '', '2');
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('book', 0, 65, 68, 'en', 0, '<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:20px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">TIME LINE</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1880</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-03%20at%2011.34.27%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">[The Pascagoula Democrat, June 4, 1880, p. 4]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1893</span></strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Beach%20Hotel-drysdale-wetzel_0.jpg\" style=\"height:150px; width:247px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-03%20at%2011.08.04%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-03%20at%2011.08.54%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">[<span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">[The Biloxi Herald, July 29, 1893, p. 8]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">1899</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202021-07-30%20at%202.43.45%20PM.png\" style=\"height:200px; width:498px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;December 14, 1900, p. 4]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The <strong>Breslow Hotel</strong>, a new and spacious, modern structure on Front Street, was being completed by John Eistetter. &nbsp;Occupancy was expected by 1 June. &nbsp;Mrs. M.A. Andrews,&nbsp;formerly of the Bay View,&nbsp;will manage the premises. &nbsp;She was at the Neilson House in 1891.[The Biloxi Daily Herald, May 25, 1899, p. 8 and The Biloxi Herald, June 13, 1891, p. 4]]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">1959</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In late May,</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;The Sun-N-Sand Motel and restaurant were sold by Alexander E. Bailey,&nbsp;</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">builder and native of Pennsylvania,</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;to R.E. Dumas Milner of Jackson, Mississippi. &nbsp;Milner owned the King Edwards Hotel in Jackson&nbsp;</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">and Beaumont, Texas.[The Daily Herald, May 30, 1959,&nbsp;p. 1]</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br />\r\n<span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1963</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-30%20at%203.36.54%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Daily Herald, November&nbsp;23, 1963, p. 28-note all above are members of the Biloxi Chambe of Commerce]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BILOXI HOTELS and PARKS*</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>by </strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Ernest Desporte </strong>(1888-1977)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">As Biloxi was a popular summer resort before the coming of the railroad in 1871 [sic] there was always plenty of rental cottages available by the season in addition to private boarding houses and hotels. &nbsp;A regular <strong>\'ferry\'</strong> service was provided&nbsp;between the Mississippi Coast <strong>\'watering places\' </strong>and New Orleans by paddle-wheel steamers.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The <strong>Nixon Hotel </strong>was on the corner of Nixon Street and beach Road but it was torn down for the construction of the Harry T. Howard mansion.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The <strong>Beach Hotel</strong> was just west of Main Street and was operated by the Drysdales: Misses Jennie, Annie, and Jo. &nbsp;They had three brothers: Harry, John, and Bob.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On the northeast corner of Lameuse Street and Beach Road was the <strong>Shady Grove, </strong>a hotel owned and operated by Mr. Lameuse. &nbsp;It later became the popular <strong>Montross&nbsp;</strong>Hotel, the social gathering place for Biloxians. &nbsp;It later became the <strong>Riviera Hotel</strong>.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1891 the <strong>Cress Villa</strong> was built on Beach Road west of Lameuse. &nbsp;It was owned and operated by Captain and Mrs. Ernest Desporte, Sr. &nbsp;Next was the <strong>Bayview Hotel</strong>, owned and operated by Mr. and Mrs. Sullivan. &nbsp;It occupied the northeast corner of beach Road and Delauney Street. &nbsp;On the northwest corner of was the <strong>Arcade Hotel</strong>, owned and operated by Mr. and Mrs. Pat Kennedy. &nbsp;It was described as being a \'mesque\' building. &nbsp;Next to it was the <strong>Terre Cota </strong>[sic],&nbsp;formerly an Exposition Building at the New Orleans Worlds Fair. &nbsp;Mr. Kennedy purchased the building, had it dismantledand brought to Biloxi in sections, and had it reassembled on Biloxi beach. &nbsp;It is said to be the first pre-fabricated building in the United States.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The <strong>Magnolia Hotel</strong> was built in 1847 by the Hahn Family and reputed to be the oldest hotel on the Coast. &nbsp;The property remained in the Hahn-Holley family over the years until Camille [1969] and the dateful coming of Urban renewal. &nbsp;Through the efforts of Glen Swetman and other public-spirited citizens the old <strong>Magnolia Hotel</strong>, which was wrecked by the Hurricane of 1969, was moved to the new site on Water Street. &nbsp;It was reconstructed as a public building of much historical value.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">It did me good to note the recognition of the old Magnolia Hotel as an historical item for tourist attraction. &nbsp;Built in 1847 it recalled to memory the many times I danced and banquets I attended in its spacious dining room. &nbsp;I remember very well-Messrs. Henry [Hahn], Herman [Hahn], and Louis Hahn and their sister Mrs. Holley who operated the hotel until her passing. &nbsp;Messrs. Henry Hahn and Herman Hahn were ardent fishermen and thought nothing of rowing their skiff from the Magnolia wharf to the L&amp;N [railroad] Bridge to fish for sheepshead.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Louis Hahn was captain of the steamboat&nbsp;<strong><em>Loxley</em></strong>&nbsp;for Ralph Seeberg &amp; Company as long as they were in business in Biloxi.&nbsp; Captain Louis Hahn was also an ardent sports fisherman his favorite was fishing for redfish in Big Lake.&nbsp; After Ralph Seeberg moved to Gulfport, Captain Louis Hahn opened a shoe store at the northwest corner of West Howard and Magnolia Street. &nbsp;Mrs. Holley, the hotel manager, was a widow, and the mother of Anson Holley, Louis Holley, John Holley, Geneva Holley, Sarah Holley, and Florence Holley.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">I am also reminded of ‘Our Gang’-the ‘Magnolia Street Gang’, which consisted of Anson Holley, Louis Hahn, John \'Dock\' Holley, Barrow Cousins, Reuben Cousins, Theodore Desporte, Ernest Desporte, John Meunier, Vickey Meunier, and Eugene P. Wilkes. In the afternoons and evenings, especially in summer, we would assemble on the benches on the south side of the road in front of the Magnolia Hotel.&nbsp; If any kid wanted a fight, a foot race or to race play [model] boats, he was accommodated.&nbsp; There was always boxing matches and usually fights, especially when the Volunteer Fireman’s parade passed along the beach. &nbsp;Our favorite sports bicycle racing and chasing so called \'Gown men\', also sandbagging anyone who passed under the poer while floundering-we even sandbagged each other!</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Palmer%20House_1.jpg\" style=\"height:250px; width:323px\" /> &nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The <strong>Gulf View Hotel</strong> was on the northeast corner of Seal Avenue and beach Road and the name was changed to <strong>Memphis Hotel</strong> and much later the <strong>Palmer House.</strong> &nbsp;It was on the locale of the famous water cure of Dr. Bahrenheidt [sic].</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Before Seal Avenue was cut through to Howard Avenue [formerly Pass Christian Street] this property was a considerable piece of intact land. &nbsp;The only <strong>park in Biloxi existed here</strong>, starting about 200 feet, from the Beach to Howard Avenue. &nbsp;In this Seal park there was a horse racing, baseball and football games on a regula schedule. &nbsp;George Ahern, a young Biloxi boy, rode his first horse at ther park and later went on to become a famous jockey in racing circles.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Along West Beach there were no other hotels at the time but in 1892 the property about a quarter mile west of the Biloxi Lighthouse was purchased for the construction of a privately owned college. &nbsp;In 1893, the <strong>Sea Coast Academy</strong> began operations under the ownership and tutelage of Dr. Rodebuch [sic] and son. &nbsp;This academy ceased as a college and was bought by Dr. H.M. Folkes and Dr. Talbert [sic]. &nbsp;Dr. Folkes came to the coast with the Public health Service to work at the Quarantine Station offshore. &nbsp;They converted the school into the <strong>Biloxi Sanatorium</strong>, a private hospital. The old wood frame buildings were later torn down and the modern brick, Colonial style, <strong>New Biloxi Hotel</strong> was erected on tis site. &nbsp;It operated for many years as one of Biloxi\'s leading hotels. &nbsp;This building too felt the hand of progress and was razed to its steel framework and converted into the <strong>Chateau Le Grand</strong> condominiums. &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">A young attorney, Walter A. White, arrived in Biloxi in a covered wagon which he first parked on back bay. &nbsp;After he became acquainted with Biloxians he liked Biloxi so well that he returned to his home town and got his entire family and brought them back to live here. &nbsp;He opened a law office and began a very successful legal practice &nbsp; Lawyer White purchased some property a short distance from the Biloxi Cemetery and Mrs. White soon was operating the <strong>White House Hotel</strong>.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">A short distance further west was a large tract of land running from the Beach to Back Bay. &nbsp;It was owned by the Methodist Conference of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama. &nbsp;That section of the property from the Beach to the L&amp;N Railroad was fenced in and became known as the <strong>Sea Shore Campground</strong>. &nbsp;A large number of cottages were built by members of the Methodist faith and occupied by their families during the summer months. &nbsp;A large Tabernacle was built and regular camp meetings continued all summer.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">North of this property and fronting on Back Bay was another large tract of land owned by the U.S. Government and held in reserve for the vast number of oak trees, then desirable for lumber for ship construction. &nbsp;This tract was deeded over to the City of Biloxi for park and cemetery purposes and became known as the <strong>Naval Reserve</strong> <strong>Park</strong>. &nbsp;At one time in the twenties, the <strong>U.S. Coast Guard</strong> occupied a section of the park on Back Bay from which their cutter chased down rum runners. &nbsp;The property also had the <strong>Biloxi Airport </strong>and a <strong>Major League baseball park</strong>. &nbsp;The ball park was the training site for the Toledo Mudhens, Washington Senators, and Philadelphia Phillies. &nbsp;All of this property along with the <strong>Biloxi Country Club golf course</strong> was given to the Federal Government on which to locate <strong>Keesler Field</strong>. &nbsp;This \'gift\' of Biloxi to the Federal Government also included parcels of land containing home sites which the city had to purchase before it could \'give\' this land for Keesler Field. &nbsp;Just east of the Keesler property and fronting on back Bay was the Subdivision of Oak Park. &nbsp;Before it became Oak Park, it was a virgin wilderness on the Bay owned by Mr. and Mrs. Parkhurst. &nbsp;They operated a pecan and fig orchard thereon. &nbsp;This fine old couple befriended a man and gave him employment. &nbsp;This drifter, named Gibson, was later accused of murdering the Parkhurts and setting afire tier home. &nbsp;He was arrested, tried, convicted and hung. &nbsp;This entire case was bizarre and some felt that perhaps justice was not served.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>*from the Walter Fountain Collection in the Biloxi Public Library.&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BILOXI HOTELS</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>by Ray L. Bellande</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1840-1860</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><u>THE AMERICAN HOTEL</u></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><u>1843</u></strong></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Peter Flanagan</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Peter Flanagan died at Biloxi in 1846.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Edward Milford</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1843, Peter Flanagan (d. 1846) of the&nbsp;Village&nbsp;of&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;made a two year lease with Edward Milford of&nbsp;Mobile,&nbsp;Alabama&nbsp;for the following property at&nbsp;Biloxi,&nbsp;Mississippi:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Commencing on the south shore of the south Bay or&nbsp;</em></strong><strong><em>shore</em></strong>&nbsp;of&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;measuring forty-eight feet on the&nbsp;Gulf of Mexico, running north along a road or street between the said Flanagan and the property of John Nixon.&nbsp; Three hundred feet to a line between the property of the Estate of Morse, thence forty-eight feet to a line between Benjamin Holley and said Flanagan, thence south to the Bay or&nbsp;Gulf of Mexico&nbsp;conveying there with all the water rights to said front.&nbsp; As rent for the above described premises for the said two years, <strong>Edward Milford agrees to take the frame of a house already erected on the said lot of land and the lumber attached thereto not already used, and complete it in a plain? workman like manner as an hotel or house of public resort</strong> on condition that the outlay he shall be called upon to make <strong>shall not exceed three hundred dollars</strong> and that he will pay the said Flanagan one hundred and fifty dollars as follows: pay fifty dollars in October 1843, and one hundred dollars on or before first of July Eighteen Hundred and forty-four.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;The State tax on real estate for the premises is to be paid by Edward Milford for the above two years.&nbsp; The said Edward Milford is to pay one-half of the insurance from fire on the said house, so soon as it is insured as the business which said Milford will establish in these premises is likely to prove advantageous to the property hereby leased, and which the said Flanagan reserves for the support of his children [yet minors].&nbsp; He also agrees at the expiration of the present demurred lease to give the said Edward Milford, his heirs or assigns, the refusal of a new lease for six years or more at the annual rent of three hundred dollars per annum provided that whatever improvements the said Milford, his heirs or assigns may place upon the said ground are left there at the expiration of the said renewal term of lease for the benefit of the said Flanagan, his heirs or assigns. &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">It is also further stipulated that the said Flanagan or his heirs and assigns should duly protect, defend and sustain the said&nbsp;Milford, his heirs or assigns in the peaceful possession of the said ? land and premises, and shall not dispose of the property either by public or private sale without first offering it to the said Milford, his heirs or assigns at the lowest price he intends taking for it.&nbsp; Given under our names and seals at&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;this 15 day of May One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty Three.&nbsp;&nbsp;((Peter Flanagan, Edward Milford-Witness: Benjamin Holley, Holmes Wentzell, and Alexander Black.&nbsp; (Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 1, pp. 296-297)<strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>Opening</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In June 1843, Edward Milford of&nbsp;Mobile,&nbsp;Alabama&nbsp;announced that he would open on or before July 1<sup>st</sup>, his American Hotel.&nbsp; It was situated near Mr. Elmore’s [probably Jacob Elmer (1813-1894)] Wharf with the dining room was situated on the second floor and the kitchen was manned by a superior cook and offered good wines.<em>(The Daily Picayune, June 9, 1843, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Closing</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Edward Milford assigned his lease back to Peter Flanagan in 1844. &nbsp;At this time, Mr. Milford was a resident of New Orleans.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 1, pp. 296-297)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><u>1845</u></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><u>1853</u></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><u>1856</u></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By May 1856, the American Hotel was for rent by A. Bronsema, a resident of&nbsp;74 Camp Street, atNew Orleans.&nbsp; It was described as a two-story residence with all the convenience of a boarding house with a new wharf, attached bar, and situated one square from Brown’s Wharf.<em>(The Daily Picayune, May 27, 1856, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><u><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></u></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;<em>Journals</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“American Hotel”</strong>, June 9, 1843.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>Batchelor’s Hall,&nbsp;</strong><strong>Biloxi</strong>,&nbsp;Mississippi”, July 2, 1845.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Batchelor’s Hall,&nbsp;</strong><strong>Biloxi</strong>”, May 28, 1853.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“To rent at&nbsp;</strong><strong>Biloxi</strong>,&nbsp;Mississippi”, May 27, 1856.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Cause 28,&nbsp;<strong><em>\'The Estate of Peter Flanagan\"</em></strong>-November 1846.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;________________________________________________________________________________</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Biloxi-Magnolia Hotel.jpg\" style=\"height:115px; width:250px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Magnolia Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Magnolia Hotel was unarguably one of Biloxi’s earlier inns.&nbsp;&nbsp;It was situated on Front Street or what is today US Highway No. 90, also known as Beach Boulevard, between Magnolia Street and Croesus Street.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In October 1846, John Hahn (1806-1847), a German immigrant, acquired a lot from John Crusius (1806-1866), a resident of New Orleans for $2400.&nbsp;&nbsp;The tract was described as ½ arpent on the Gulf of Mexico and running north between parallel line for 640 feet.&nbsp;&nbsp;The tract was bounded on the north by Francois Fizane (1800-1860+), a French immigrant, cabinetmaker, who acquired his tract also from John Crusius on the same day in 1846 that Herr Hahn bought the Magnolia Hotel tract.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Fizane parcel was also ½ arpent in width but ran north to the Back Bay of Biloxi.&nbsp;&nbsp;On the east side of Hahn was F. Fourchy with A. Anglane to the west.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 3, p. 267 and Bk. 3, p. 299)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Croesus Street</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John Crusius (1806-1866) was born at Hanover, Germany and made his livelihood in the Crescent City as the owner of a gambling house.&nbsp;&nbsp;He died at New Orleans on September 6, 1866. &nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"color:rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">In October,&nbsp;</span><strong style=\"font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">John Crusius&nbsp;</strong><span style=\"color:rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">(1806-1866) conveyed a lot with 1/2 arpent on the Gulf and running north for 640 feet to&nbsp;</span><strong style=\"font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">John Hahn</strong><span style=\"color:rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">&nbsp;(1806-1847) with provisions to cut timber on his lands to the north and to establish roads north and east of this tract. &nbsp;The consideration was $2400. &nbsp;</span><strong style=\"font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">The Magnolia Hotel&nbsp;</strong><span style=\"color:rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">would open here before 1850 under the proprietorship of&nbsp;</span><strong style=\"font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">Elizabeth Hahn</strong><span style=\"color:rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">&nbsp;(1812-1904). &nbsp;Mr. Crusius from NOLA had acquired 20 arpents here in July 1845 from Mistress Cecelia Saralde? for $325. &nbsp;Charles Dantonet (1806-1874), also from NOLA, had sold her this parcel in May 1836.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 3, p. 267 and Bk. &nbsp; )</span></p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(14, 75, 126); color: rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family: &quot;Open Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(14, 75, 126); color: rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family: &quot;Open Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Magnolia Street-Water Street</strong></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">“into the center of a projected road running east and west parallel with the east corner of a house or messuage now owned or occupied by John Hahn, the purchaser hereby, donating a road 8 feet in width on the east line and 15 feet in width on the north line of said lot for public use forever.”(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 3, p. 267)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John Hahn died March 23, 1912 intestate.&nbsp;&nbsp;His heirs were Mrs. L. Holley, Anson Holley, Louis Holley and John Holley.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Louis Holley</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Louis Holley (1841-1892) was the son of Justice of the Peace Benjamin Holley (18-pre 1870) and Burissa Bradford (1808-1881).&nbsp;&nbsp;In January 1879, Louis Holley (1841-1892)&nbsp;<strong>married Louisa Hahn</strong>&nbsp;(1847-1927), the daughter of John Hahn (1806-1847) and Elizabeth Hahn (1812-1904), German immigrants who owned the Magnolia Hotel on Front Street at Biloxi.&nbsp;&nbsp;Louis and Louisa H. Holley were the parents of Geneva Holley (1879-1960);&nbsp;<strong>Anson Holley</strong>&nbsp;(1882-1967) m. Mary Liliana Caillavet (1883-1967);&nbsp;<strong>Louis C. Holley</strong>&nbsp;(1884-1973) m. Mary Agregaard (1893-1981);&nbsp;<strong>John Benjamin Holley</strong>&nbsp;(1886-1925); Sarah Louisa Holley (1889-1931); and Florence May Holley (1892-1953).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Washington Artillery visits in 1880</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The 4<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;of July 1880 at Biloxi was one long remembered by those of the Washington Artillery that came here from New Orleans to celebrate our nation’s Independence Day.&nbsp;&nbsp;The festive activities included: fancy dining, dancing, a regatta, target shooting and a dress parade.&nbsp;&nbsp;The large Crescent City entourage came in two, long train cars filled to capacity with the Arlington Glee Club in one with a band to provide music.&nbsp;&nbsp;Biloxi anticipating the event decorated for their arrival and Arthur A. Maginnis Jr. (1846-1901), a wealthy New Orleanian, offered the use of his yacht to the regatta committee.(The Daily Picayune, July 5, 1880, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Washington Artillery found bed and board at the Montross Hotel, while the Arlington’s had made their headquarters at the Magnolia Hotel.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;After both visiting groups had dined, the gentlemen with ladies on their arm marched behind the band to the hall of Spanish Union Benevolent Association for an evening of dance and refreshments.&nbsp;&nbsp;A regatta was held the next day over a 7 and ½ miles course that required two laps to complete a race.&nbsp;&nbsp;Target shooting with a parrot gun aimed at an object about 1000 yards from the shoreline resulted in Sergeant Ziegler’s detachment from Company C victorious in the competition.&nbsp;&nbsp;Each man in the ten man unit was awarded a medal for their accuracy.&nbsp;&nbsp;A dress parade by the Washington Artillery concluded the affair.(The Daily Picayune, July 5, 1880, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Ernest Desporte remembers</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Messrs. Henry Hahn and Herman Hahn were ardent fishermen and thought nothing of rowing their skiff from the Magnolia wharf to the L&amp;N [railroad] Bridge to fish for sheepshead.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Louis Hahn was captain of the steamboat&nbsp;<strong><em>Loxley</em></strong>&nbsp;for Ralph Seeberg &amp; Company as long as they were in business in Biloxi.&nbsp;&nbsp;Captain Louis Hahn was also an ardent sports fisherman his favorite was fishing for redfish in Big Lake.&nbsp;&nbsp;After Ralph Seeberg moved to Gulfport, Captain Louis Hahn opened a shoe store at the northwest corner of West Howard and Magnolia Street.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mrs. Holley, the hotel manager, was a widow, and the mother of Anson Holley, Louis Holley, John Holley, Geneva Holley, Sarah Holley, and Florence Holley.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">I am also reminded of ‘Our Gang’-the ‘Magnolia Street Gang’.&nbsp;&nbsp;In the afternoons and evenings, especially in summer, we would assemble on the benches on the south side of the road in front of the Magnolia Hotel.&nbsp;&nbsp;If any kid wanted a fight, a foot race or to race play [model] boats, he was accommodated.&nbsp;&nbsp;There was always boxing matches and usually fights, especially when the Volunteer Fireman’s parade passed along the beach.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In November 1978?, Lionel J. Holley Sr.. Lillian L. Holley Maumus, Miriam H. Grogan, Anson Camp Holley, Daniel Raymond Holley, and Lillian H. Maumus, Guardian of Edith Patricia Holley Sales? Conveyed lot 96 feet by 250 feet to Leonard Darrell Chitty and Nona Gayle Tate Chitty.(Harrison Co., Mississippi 2<sup>nd</sup>&nbsp;JD Land Deed Bk. 90, p. 10)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Case No. 351<strong>, “Mary Jaeger v. Louis Holley, Lyman B. Holley, and Louis Hahn, minor son of John Hahn and Edna Holley, minor daughter of Mrs. Adelia Holley”</strong>,&nbsp;.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Case No. 3813<strong>, “The Estate of John Hahn”</strong>,&nbsp;1912.[file missing from Chancery Court]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Case No. 55862<strong>, “The Estate of Anson Holley Sr.”</strong>,&nbsp;April 1971.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Orleans Parish, Louisiana 2<sup>nd</sup>&nbsp;District Court No. 27,258,&nbsp;<strong>“The Succession of John Crusius”</strong>-September 1866.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Journals</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi Herald, “The Magnolia Hotel”, June 14, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi Herald, “Local Happenings”, May 16, 1891.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi Daily Herald, “Open for Summer”, June 26, 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi Daily Herald, “Hotel had a narrow escape”, October&nbsp;&nbsp;26, 1906.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, “Magnolia Motel Cottages”, April 7, 1948.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald,&nbsp;<strong>\"Oldest regional hotel still survives on Coast\"</strong>, [no date].The Daily Picayune, “Magnolia Hotel, Biloxi”, August 1, 1850.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald,&nbsp;<strong>\"Know your Coast-Magnolia Hotel\"</strong>, July 7, 1956.The Daily Picayune, “City Gossip”, July 6, 1877.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Picayune, “At Biloxi”, July 5, 1880.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">____________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BILOXI HOUSE-NIXON HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Location:</strong>&nbsp;East&nbsp;Beach,&nbsp;Biloxi,&nbsp;Mississippi between Main Street and of Bellman Street.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;John W. Nixon</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John W. Nixon (1787-1849) was an early immigrant to New Orleans coming from Fermanah,&nbsp;Ulster&nbsp;Province,&nbsp;Northern Ireland. &nbsp;He made his livelihood as an attorney in the&nbsp;Crescent&nbsp;City.&nbsp; Circa 1814 at&nbsp;New Orleans,<strong>&nbsp;</strong>John W. Nixon married Adeline Cecelia Copp (1798-1878), a native of Dover, New Hampshire and the&nbsp;daughter of New Orleans lawyer, David Copp, Jr., who was murdered 1803 in a New Orleans gambling house.&nbsp; Mrs. Nixon was born April 23, 1798 and came to the&nbsp;Crescent&nbsp;City&nbsp;in 1808.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John and Adeline Copp Nixon were the parents of at least ten children:&nbsp;<strong>Robert</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Porter Nixon&nbsp;</strong>(1816-) m. Martha Porter (1831-1893);&nbsp;<strong>Martha Bell Nixon</strong>&nbsp;(1818-1904) m. Perry S. Warfield;&nbsp;<strong>Jane&nbsp;</strong><strong>Anna Nixon</strong>&nbsp;(1820-1898) m. Robert Williams James (1811-1882);&nbsp;<strong>John</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Washington Nixon</strong>&nbsp;(1822);&nbsp;<strong>James</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Roscoa Nixon</strong>&nbsp;(1826-1886) m. Margaret Blaney;&nbsp;<strong>Richard</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Augustus Nixon</strong>&nbsp;(1828-1865) m. Adeline Hamilton;&nbsp;<strong>Henry</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Kirke Nixon</strong>&nbsp;(1830-1908) m. Mary O’Rourke or O’Bourke (1839-1909);<strong>William</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Robinson Nixon</strong>&nbsp;(1832);&nbsp;<strong>Catherine</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Grant Nixon</strong>&nbsp;(1835-1850+); and&nbsp;<strong>Rowena</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Louisa Medora</strong>&nbsp;‘Miss Pinkey’&nbsp;<strong>Nixon</strong>&nbsp;(1839-1917).<em>(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, July 5, 1878, p. 3 and boards.history.com/topics/War-of-1812/quototherquot…/118282)</em>&nbsp;<strong>&nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John W. Nixon expired at&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;on June 7, 1849.&nbsp; His corporal remains were interred in the&nbsp;Old&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;Cemetery.&nbsp; Adeline Copp Nixon died at&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;on June 28, 1878.<em>(The&nbsp;</em><em>Pascagoula</em><em>&nbsp;Democrat-Star, July 5, 1878, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;War of 1812</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">During the War of 1812,<strong>&nbsp;</strong>Adj. Lt. John W. Nixon, served with DeJean\'s 1st Regiment Louisiana Militia.&nbsp; When his artillery position on the West Bank of the&nbsp;Mississippi River&nbsp;was overrun by British soldiers in January 1815, Lt. Nixon lost two, spiked cannon to enemy.&nbsp; The 1st Louisiana Militia regimental flag was last seen in the War Trophy Room,&nbsp;Whitehall,&nbsp;England, in the 1850s.Nixon, Copp, and James streets are in&nbsp;Biloxi.<em>(boards.history.com/topics/War-of-1812/quototherquot…/118282)</em>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In late January 1915, the 100<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;Anniversary of the Battle of New Orleans, Rowena L.W. Nixon (1839-1917) donated her father’s sword that he had worn during the brief fight to the&nbsp;LouisianaHistorical Society.&nbsp; She also presented the organization with a copy of an account of the battle, which had been published in 1817 in<em>&nbsp;The True Delta</em>, a&nbsp;New Orleans’ journal.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 25, 1915, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>New Orleans</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Not much is know by the author about John W. Nixon’s career at&nbsp;New Orleans.&nbsp; It is known that in 1827, he represented absentee creditors in the&nbsp;Orleans Parish Court.&nbsp; There was also a John Nixon who was a passenger in July 1820 on the&nbsp;<strong><em>Sumatra</em></strong>, a brig, which was returning or embarking forLiverpool&nbsp;from&nbsp;New Orleans.<em>(The&nbsp;</em><em>Louisiana</em>&nbsp;Advertiser, October 22, 1827, p. 5 and July 6, 1820, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi House-Nixon Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John W. Nixon opened his Biloxi House for the summer season on June 8, 1848.&nbsp; Nixon had large additions and improvements made to the resort in the spring.&nbsp; Visitors could anticipate the following amenities at the Biloxi House: bathhouses, bar, billiard room, horse stable, and a sailboat.&nbsp; From Mrs. Nixon’s table one was served fine food and the bar was stocked with excellent wines and liquors.&nbsp; Mr. Nixon recommended that interested parties make bookings by mail addressed to him atBiloxi&nbsp;and sent via the&nbsp;<strong><em>Mobile</em></strong><strong><em>, Montezuma, or Pelican</em></strong>, steamboats, sailing from&nbsp;Lake Pontchartrain&nbsp;to the watering places of the Mississippi Gulf Coast.<em>(The Daily Picayune, September 7, 1848, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">After John W. Nixon expired in June 1849, Mrs. Nixon continued operated the family hotel into 1850.&nbsp; At this time, seven of her children were domiciled with her at&nbsp;Biloxi&nbsp;and her real estate at&nbsp;Biloxiwas valued at $30,000.&nbsp; Mrs. Nixon was also ably assisted in her summer resort enterprise by many Irish immigrant laborers.&nbsp; Seven of the Nixon children were with her.&nbsp; Jane Nixon James (1820-1898) and spouse, Robert W. James (1813-1880) and Harry Copp James (1848-1923), their son, lived next to the Nixon Hotel.(1850 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census, M423_372, p. 91A)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1854&nbsp;</strong><strong>Biloxi</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Land</strong><strong>&nbsp;Roll</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Adeline C. Nixon was assessed $70 on her 75 acres of land in&nbsp;Biloxi.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In June 1857, T.A. Horne of&nbsp;Louisville,&nbsp;Kentucky&nbsp;and N.B. Cook of NOLA took proprietorship of the Biloxi Hotel, formerly Nixon’s Hotel.&nbsp; They did a complete renovation and refurnished this great house and planned to open the Biloxi Hotel in the first week of June.&nbsp; By mid-June, the Biloxi Hotel was in full operation under the management of Horne, Smith &amp; Company.&nbsp; The proprietors lauded and promoted their establishment for its local seafood culinary delicacies, shaded grounds, and the promise of a grand and fancy dress ball for the 4<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;of July.<em>(The Sunday Delta, June 7, 1857, p. 5 and June 21, 1857, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The 1857 summer season for the Biloxi Hotel appears to have been unsuccessful for Horne &amp; Smith as the premises were advertised for rent by Henry K. Nixon (1830-1908) in February 1858.&nbsp; Mr. Nixon address was on&nbsp;Basin Street&nbsp;at&nbsp;New Orleans.&nbsp; He described the Biloxi Hotel as: containing about 171 rooms with a barroom; two, ten pin alleys; and a yard of about two acres planted in fruit bearing fig and plum trees.&nbsp; Henry K. Nixon sought a good tenant.&nbsp; The furniture, billiard table, bar fixtures, and other paraphernalia were for sale on reasonable terms.&nbsp; Nixon touted his resort as the only large hotel inBiloxi&nbsp;and a rare opportunity for potential hotel keepers.<em>(The Daily True Delta, February 28, 1858, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September 1886, the Nixon Heirs&nbsp;conveyed the Nixon Hotel property on Biloxi\'s east Beach to Harry Turner Howard for $4000.&nbsp; Harry T. Howard (1856-1930).(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 21, p. 492)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Harry T. Howard</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In June 1919, Harry T. Howard sold the Nixon Hotel lot and more to the Biloxi Hospital Association for $15,000.&nbsp; Lot had 222 feet on the Gulf and ran north to Water Street.&nbsp; Excepted was a lot 79 feet by 128 feet in the northeast corner of the tract.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 124, p. 14)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><u><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></u></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;www.com</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">boards.history.com/topic/War-of-1812/quototherquot…../118282.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><u><strong>&nbsp;<em>Journals</em></strong></u></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp;</em><em>Biloxi</em>&nbsp;Daily Herald,&nbsp;<strong>“Suit filed”</strong>, October 14, 1902.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp;</em><em>Biloxi</em>&nbsp;Daily Herald,&nbsp;<strong>“Necrology&nbsp;</strong>[Henry R. Nixon]<strong>”</strong>, July 12, 1904.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp;</em><em>Biloxi</em>&nbsp;Daily Herald,<strong>&nbsp;“Necrology&nbsp;</strong>[Mrs. Martha B. Warfield]”, November 27, 1908.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“</strong><strong>Biloxi</strong>&nbsp;lady [Rowena L.M. Nixon]&nbsp;<strong>presents sword of her father to historical body”</strong>, January 25, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“John&nbsp;</strong><strong>Slidell</strong>&nbsp;Nixon is dead”, September 11, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>&nbsp;<em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“James Kirk Nixon”</strong>, December 18, 1916.</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Miss Nixon&nbsp;</strong>[Rowena L.M. Nixon]&nbsp;<strong>is taken by death”</strong>, August 9, 1917.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Nixon place is sold at auction”</strong>, August 7, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“</strong><strong>Biloxi</strong>&nbsp;House”, September 7, 1848.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em><em>The Daily True Delta,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Biloxi Hotel to rent”</strong>, February 28, 1858.</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily True Delta,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Live Oak Hotel”</strong>, June 22, 1859.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>&nbsp;<em>The&nbsp;</em></em><em><em>Louisiana</em></em><em>&nbsp;Advertiser,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Commercial report”</strong>, July 6, 1820.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp;</em><em>Louisiana</em>&nbsp;Advertiser,&nbsp;<strong>“</strong><strong>Parish Court</strong>”, October 22, 1827</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp;</em><em>Pascagoula</em>&nbsp;Democrat-Star,&nbsp;<strong>“Died&nbsp;</strong>[Adaline Copp Nixon]<strong>”,&nbsp;</strong>July 5, 1878.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sunday Delta,&nbsp;</em><strong>“A New Biloxi Hotel”</strong>, June 7, 1857.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sunday Delta,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Biloxi Hotel”</strong>, June 21, 1857.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sunday Delta,&nbsp;</em><strong>“</strong><strong>Biloxi</strong>&nbsp;Hotel Rent”, March 25, 1860.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp;___________________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1860 - 1900</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;MONTROSS-RIVIERA-AVELEZ HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Front Street and Lameuse Street</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[from T.H. Glenn, 1893, p. 18]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Located on the northeast corner of Lameuse Street and Beach Boulevard [also called Front Street] in the Jean-Baptite Carco Land Grant, and the S/2 of Section 28, T7S-R9W.&nbsp; Although he never owned the hostelry, it was named for Peter J. Montross (1841-1897), the proprietor for several decades in the late 19<sup>th</sup> Century.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Anecdotal history of the early 20<sup>th</sup> Century relates that the Hotel de Montross or Montross Hotel was the oldest hotel extant at Biloxi.&nbsp; It was operational before the first railroad was established between Mobile and New Orleans in 1870.&nbsp; Here on the central Beach of Biloxi and Lameuse Street, the town’s first Beach to Back Bay thoroughfare, the Montross Hotel was the focus of social life and fashion.&nbsp; Its pier was the disembarkation place for the society people arriving at Biloxi to enjoy its fine food, hospitality, and the gaiety of life, joie de vivre, that was offered to all visitors.&nbsp; The Montross Hotel flourished as a fine hostelry and boarding establishment until the late 1920s, when it became overshadowed by Biloxi’s modern beach front hotels, like the Biloxi Hotel, Buena Vista, Edgewater Gulf, Tivoli, White House, and Gulf Hills, which were erected between 1924 and 1928.<em>(The Daily Herald, April 29, 1909, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Jean-Baptise Carco</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Jean-Baptiste Carco (17&nbsp; -1823), the son of Nicolas Carco and Ladner,&nbsp; was one of the pioneer settlers on the Biloxi Peninsula.&nbsp; His occupation of land here began about 1784, during the Spanish Colonial era.&nbsp; Jean-Baptise Carco married&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .&nbsp; They were the parents of four children:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Rene Lameuse</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Urbain Laroussini</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>William C. Seaman</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Peter Lienhardt, et al v. Sherrod Seaman, et al</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1874, Chancellor W.G. Henderson of the Chancery Court of Harrison County, Mississippi opined and adjudicated in the partition suit of Chancery Court cause No. 143, Peter Liendhardt et al v. Sherrod Seaman et al.&nbsp; This litigation involved the partition of the ‘Lameuse Property’ also called the ‘Shady Grove Hotel’ at Biloxi.&nbsp; This tract was described in this law suit as<strong>“<em>containing by estimation forty arpents of land [more or less] bounded and described as follows.&nbsp; Beginning at the Beach at the Pass of Biloxi, thence north to the Back Bay of Biloxi; thence southeast along the shore of said Bay so as to include one arpent; thence south to the said pass of Biloxi; thence to the place of beginning.&nbsp; Bounded south by the Pass of Biloxi or Gulf of Mexico; north by the Back Bay of Biloxi; west by Lameuse Street; east by Wetzell heirs having a few small lots sold off.</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Roderick Seal</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Shady Grove Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1855 Hurricane</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On September 16<sup>th</sup> and 17<sup>th</sup> of 1858, the entire waterfront of the Mississippi Gulf Coast was swept and churned by the wind and waves of this tropical cyclone.&nbsp; At Biloxi, almost all bath houses and wharves were totally destroyed and sixty-one sailing vessels grounded with many in shambles.&nbsp; At this time, in Biloxi there appears to have been several hotels and boarding houses situated between Lameuse Street and Point Cadet.&nbsp; Among them were: Bossel’s Shady Grove Hotel; Jacob Wetzell’s Ocean House; John Brown’s Hotel; A. Bronaema’s&nbsp; American Hotel&nbsp; run by J. Jennings; Sol Mill’s Bachelor Hall; Mrs. Nixon’s Biloxi Hotel operated by Colonel Nichols; and Pradat’s.<em>(The New Orleans Daily Picayune, September 20, 1855, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1875</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In the summer of 1875, the <strong>Shady Grove Hotel was managed by Mr. &nbsp;Rambaut.</strong>&nbsp; It was also in the process of renovation and refurbishment.&nbsp; Professor Knapp, a local guide with a horse and buggy, was available for fishing in Back Bay or leading local history tours.<em>(The Star of Pascagoula, June 26, 1875, p. 1.)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">There is a high certitude that the manager of the <strong>Shady Grove Hotel </strong>was Urbain Rambaut (1832-1889), a Frenchman, who later resided at 201 Decatur Street at New Orleans where he made his livelihood as the proprietor of a coffee house and later a barroom.&nbsp; Urbain Rambaut married Marie Schwab (1838-1899) and they were the parents of: Jean Urbain Rambaut (1859-1909); Michel Rambaut (1861-1883); Emile Rambaut (1863-1925); Jules Rambaut (1867-1883); and Adeline Rambaut (1876-1926) m. Charles E. Hinshewood.&nbsp; Adeline Rambaut was born in Mississippi in 1875 or 1876, very likely at Biloxi.(1870 and 1880 Orleans Parish, Louisiana Federal Census M593_522, p. 382, 6<sup>th</sup> Ward and T9_461, p. 3, ED 33)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1875</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Bossell House-</strong>Located at Biloxi under the direction of Peter J. Montross (1841-1897).&nbsp; It was recently newly papered and painted and handsomely furnished.&nbsp; The food was also improved.&nbsp; In May, the Company Babylon ? and Thespian Relief Association performed ‘Persecuted Dutchman’ and ‘Misfortune’.<em>(The Star of Pascagoula, May 29, 1875, p. 3 and June 26, 1875, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">1878</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Screen%20Shot%202017-01-07%20at%2012.28.00%20PM.png\" style=\"height:400px; width:283px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[from The NOLA Daily Democrat, August 4, 1878, p. 11]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">1879</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-02-13%20at%2011.01.47%20AM_0.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, February, 1879, p. 3 ]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1882</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>The New Orleans House Kitchen-Bossell House</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On September 7, 1882, William Massey of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania conveyed to Peter J. Montross (1841-1897) for $2500, a parcel of land and tenements on the NW/C of Main Street and Front Street.&nbsp; The tract had seventy-six feet on Front Street and ran north for four hundred eight feet on Main Street. &nbsp;</span></span><strong>Mr. Montross&nbsp;</strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">conveyed this tract to Joseph Oteri (1845-1897) of New Orleans in August 1892 for $2500</span><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 20, p. 79 and </span></span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">Bk. 28, p. 246)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1888</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Gulf View Hotel-</strong>was leased by <strong>P.J. Montross</strong> of the Montross Hotel.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, April 7, 1888, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Roderick Seal</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Roderick Seal conveyed in September 1888 to Sherrod Seaman for $2000, his property on Front Street and Lameuse and known as the Montross Hotel.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 23, p. 373)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sherrod Seaman</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1888</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>MONTROSS HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi</strong><strong>, Miss.,</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>OPEN SUMMER and WINTER</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>This delightful Seaside Resort for tourists offers First-Class accommodations.&nbsp; Hotel is situated directly on the Beach of the Gulf of Mexico, and affords fine</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Boating, Fishing, Hunting, &amp; Driving</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The accessibility, pure air and freedom from malaria, render Biloxi one of the most desirable spots on the Gulf shore.</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>HOTEL FIRST-CLASS</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>RATES REASONABLE</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Applications for rooms by mail or telegraph will receive prompt attention.</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>P.J. MONTROSS, Proprietor</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>(The Biloxi Herald, January 7, 1888, p. 5)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>We are glad to note that the popular Montross Hotel is now and has been for several weeks filled with northern guest.&nbsp; The Montross is one of the best hotels on the coast and once a person is registered at this popular resort he is sure to come again.(</em></strong><em>Biloxi Herald, March 3, 1888, p. 9)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Gulf View</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">P.J. Montross has leased the Barenheit (sic) or Gulf View property.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, April 7, 1888, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Phil Desporte</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In April 1888, P.J. Montross sold the house at the land end of the Montross Hotel pier to Phil Desporte for $200.&nbsp; The house was used by Mr. Desporte as an oyster house.&nbsp; P.J. Montross also leased to Phil Desporte for $1 per year during the term of the lease of the Montross Hotel a certain portion of the beach property in front of the Montross Hotel.( Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 23, p. 100)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Liquor license</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi Town Council approved a retail license to P.J. Montross to retail vinous and spirituous liquors.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, August 18, 1888, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Montross%2C%20P.J..jpg\" style=\"height:250px; width:168px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Peter J. Montross</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Peter J. Montross (1841-1897) was born in Campeche, Mexico.&nbsp; At New Orleans, in October 1879, Mr. Montross married Alphonsine Lliambias (1850-1945), the daughter of Juan Lliambias (1815-1892), a native of Mannesa, Spain, and Louise Pamela Ranzeau (1820-1909).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Biloxi</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">P.J. Montross came to Biloxi, Mississippi before 1880 and became engaged in the hotel business on Front Street [Beach Boulevard] and Lameuse Street. &nbsp;He operated the Montross House and Shady Grove, both hostelries, catering to tourists seeking fresh seafood, a temperate and salubrious climate, and the rest and relaxation offered by a quite seaside resort on the Mexican Gulf.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Illness</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Almost a decade before his demise, Peter J. Montross began to exhibit signs of ill health. &nbsp;While on business in New Orleans in early November 1888, he was afflicted with a bout of rheumatism. &nbsp;A few weeks late, during the Thanksgiving holiday at Biloxi, an attack of rheumatism returned and sent him to his bed for a week.(The Biloxi Herald, November 10, 1888, p. 8 and November 24, 1888, p. 8)<br />\r\n&nbsp;</span></span><br />\r\n&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Demise of Peter J. Montross</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Peter J. Montross expired at his Biloxi hotel on March 27, 1897. &nbsp;He was survived by his wife, and three sons, Paul Wallace Montross (1875-1927+), Albert Montross (1891-1917), and Peter J. Montross. Jr. (1883-1930) &nbsp;m. Amelia Bayhi.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In the spring of 1896, Don Jose M. Carpizo, the brother-in-law of P.J. Montross and an inhabitant of Campeche, Yucatan, Mexico, possibly anticipating his demise visited him at Biloxi. &nbsp;Senor Carpizo left the Mississippi Coast in June 1896 for his Mexican home.(The Biloxi Herald, June 13, 1896, p. 8)<br />\r\n&nbsp;</span></span><br />\r\n&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Montross%2C%20PJ%20tombstone.jpg\" style=\"height:110px; width:400px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>New Orleans burial</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Shortly after the demise of Peter J. Montross, his corporal remains were sent to New Orleans for internment in the vault owned by The Army of the Tennessee at the Metairie Cemetery. &nbsp;The body of Colonel Montross was placed very near that of General P.T.G. Beauregard (1818-1893), which was one of Mr. Montross’ last wishes. &nbsp;Father Blane, Captain John Walker, Colonel Roderick Seal, A.M. Dulion, Edward Glennan, and Captain Harry Copp James of Biloxi were present at the funeral in the Crescent City.(The Biloxi Herald, April 3, 1897, p. 8)</span></span><br />\r\n&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><br />\r\n<span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Seaman, Confederate Navy, Civil War</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Peter J. Montross served in the Confederate Navy on western waters and in the Red River Sharpshooters, Louisiana Cavalry. Born c. 1840 in Campeche, Mexico.[ Information provided by Sons of Confederate Veterans]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Visits northwest</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In October 1888, P.J. Montross planned to visit towns in the northwest, particularly Chicago and Madison, Wisconsin to promote winter tourism at Biloxi and the Mississippi Gulf Coast.(The Biloxi Herald, October 6, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Wooden Sidewalk</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Colonel Montross is building a wooden sidewalk on the Lameuse side of the hotel property which is a marked improvement.(The Biloxi Herald, May 17, 1890, p. 4)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>4th July, 1891</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Fourth of July 1891 at Biloxi was one to remember.&nbsp; The Southern Yacht Club of New Orleans had their sailboat race from their Lake Pontchartain location finish at Biloxi near the Montross Hotel.&nbsp; Mr. Montross had his hotel decorated patriotically with large and small flags.&nbsp; Set amid its ancient Live Oaks, the colorfully, draped Montross Hotel made a grand vista on Biloxi’s waterfront.&nbsp; P.J. Montross donated a silver, tilting pitcher and cup to the Susie B, the second place boat, which finished an hour behind Zoe, the winner.(The Biloxi Herald, July 4, 1891, p. 4)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Montross-Schuyler 1892 lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In January 1892, Roderick Seal granted Peter J. Montross and Rutsen V.R. Schuyler a twenty-five year lease for the use of the Montross Hotel.&nbsp; The rent was $1000 per year and the proprietors had the right to acquire the property for $20,000 at anytime during the term o f the lease.&nbsp; Montross and Schuyler could also improve or rebuild the buildings to their desires. &nbsp;The lessees were responsible for property taxes and insurance.(Harrison County, Ms. Land deed Bk. 28, p. 9)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Schuyler%2C%20RVR-1895.jpg\" style=\"height:250px; width:177px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Rutsen V.R. Schuyler</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Peter J. Montross’ partner in his Biloxi hostelry was Rutsen Van Renssalaer Schuyler (1855-pre 1920) who was born in Hudson County, New Jersey in February 1855, the son of Jacob Rutsen Schuyler (1816-1887) and Susanna Edwards (1826-1870).&nbsp; His grandmother was Catherine Van Rennsalaer (d. 1867), the spouse of John Arent Schuyler (1779-1817).&nbsp; In February 1873, Rutsen V.R. Schuyler married Harriet Augusta Mellick (1854-1880+).&nbsp; &nbsp;They resided at Bayonne, New Jersey were he was a gem merchant.&nbsp; He and Augusta were the parents of: Rutsen V.R. Schuyler II (1878-1880+) and Sarah E. Schuyler (1879-1880+).(1880 Hudson County, New Jersey Federal Census T9_786, p. 31, ED 41)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Circa 1890, Rutsen V.R. Schuyler married Mary Hall (1857-1920+), a native of Mississippi.&nbsp; From her first marriage, she had a son, Roy C. Dwnyckinck? (1886-1910+), who was born in Illinois of a father native to New York.&nbsp; Rutsen and Mary had two daughters: Marguerite S. Staderman (1891-1972) and Junett Schuyler (1894-1900+).(1900 Union Co., New Jersey T623 997, p. 14A, ED 141 and 1920 New York Co., New York Federal Census T625_1223, p. 5A, ED 1392)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Biloxi has an excellent hotel, the “Montross”, which has recently been enlarged.&nbsp; Mr. Montross is widely and favorably know to travelers and visitors on the Coast.&nbsp; Mr. Schuyler’s efforts to anticipate and provide for the comfort of guests of the Montross are proverbial.&nbsp; He is an enthusiastic sportsman whose conquests with the road and gun are well known.(Glenn, 1893, p. 58)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Electric lights</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Illumination in the form of electric lights came to the Montross Hotel in December 1893.&nbsp; This and other amenities kept the hostelry as one of the premier venues for travelers and vacationers.&nbsp; P.J. Montross and R.V. Schuyler cater successfully to all who come.(The Biloxi Herald, December 9, 1893, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1893</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>THE MONTROSS HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Montross &amp; Schuyler, proprietors</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi, Mississippi</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Situated directly on the Gulf of Mexico</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Open all year round</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Rates: per day $2, $2.50, and $3; per week $10, $12, and $15; per month $40, $45, and $50.(<em>The Biloxi Herald, December 9, 1893, p. 8</em>)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Illness</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Almost a decade before his demise, Peter J. Montross began to exhibit signs of ill health.&nbsp; While on business in New Orleans in early November 1888, he was afflicted with a bout of rheumatism.&nbsp; A few weeks late, during the Thanksgiving holiday at Biloxi, an attack of rheumatism returned and sent him to his bed for a week.(The Biloxi Herald, November 10, 1888, p. 8 and November 24, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Demise of Peter J. Montross</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Peter J. Montross expired at his Biloxi hotel on March 27, 1897.&nbsp;&nbsp;He was survived by his wife, and three sons, Paul Wallace Montross (1875-1927+), Albert Montross (1891-1917), and Peter J. Montross. Jr. (1883-1930)&nbsp; m. Amelia Bayhi. In the spring of 1896, Don Jose M. Carpizo, the brother-in-law of P.J. Montross and an inhabitant of Campeche, Yucatan, Mexico, possibly anticipating his demise visited him at Biloxi.&nbsp; Senor Carpizo left the Mississippi Coast in June 1896 for his Mexican home.on Alphonsine L. Montross .(The Biloxi Herald, June 13, 1896, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>New Orleans&nbsp;</strong><strong>burial</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Shortly after the demise of Peter J. Montross, his corporal remains were sent to New Orleans for internment in the vault owned by The Army of the Tennessee at the Metairie Cemetery.&nbsp; The body of Colonel Montross was placed very near that of General P.T.G. Beauregard (1818-1893), which was one of Mr. Montross’ last wishes.&nbsp; Father Blane, Captain John Walker, Colonel Roderick Seal, A.M. Dulion, Edward Glennan, and Captain Harry Copp James of Biloxi were present at the funeral in the Crescent City.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, April 3, 1897, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Bourdon’s Saloon</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In early April 1897, A.O. Bourdon Jr. opened a saloon in the bar of the Montross Hotel.&nbsp; The event was high lighted by an excellent lunch, which attracted the attention of many patrons of the hostelry.&nbsp; Mr. Bourdon handles excellent brands of wine and liquors.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 10, 1897, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>New Management-William C. Morgan</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Very&nbsp;<strong>s</strong>hortly after the death P.J. Montross, long time proprietor, the Montross Hotel was offered for lease.&nbsp; This solicitation lauded one of Biloxi’s landmark hostelries as <strong><em>“truly a first class opportunity for a hotel man to secure a paying business</em></strong><em>.”&nbsp; </em>The published notice also admonished any potential lessee that although the winter tourist season patronized by Northerners was almost over, that there was only a short hiatus before the summer season began in earnest and Southern folks would be coming to the coast.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 10, 1897, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By early May 1897, William C. Morgan and his son leased the Montross Hotel.&nbsp; They were considered experienced hotel managers and immediately made this public notice:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>MONTROSS HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi</strong><strong>, Mississippi</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Wm. C. Morgan &amp; Son Proprietors</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>We have leased the Hotel property for a number of years, and intend renovating it throughout giving to Biloxi the best Hotel on the Gulf Coast.&nbsp; We respectfully solicit the trade of the traveling public, and promise every attention and the best table in the State.&nbsp; We offer special rates to table boarders and to families wishing to avoid the cares of summer housekeeping.&nbsp; For special rates and other information.&nbsp; Address:&nbsp; Wm C. Morgan &amp; Son-Biloxi, Mississippi. </em></strong><em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, May 8, 1897, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mrs. William C. Morgan appears to have been a musician or musically inclined as a new Mathusek piano was soon installed in the hotel’s parlor.&nbsp; A concert was held in mid-July.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 3, 1897, p. 8 and July 17, 1897, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Florian Seal</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Florian Seal (1852-1927) was born on east Pass Christian Street [Howard Avenue] at Biloxi on February 17, 1853.&nbsp; His parents were Roderick Seal (1817-1899) and Charlotte Orr Seal (1827-1850+).&nbsp; In 1877, Mr. Seal married Rebecca V. Walker (1853-1936) of Bay St. Louis, Mississippi.&nbsp;&nbsp; They were the parents of two children: &nbsp;Eurilda J. Seal (1879-1930+) m. Lazaro Lopez Jr. (1877-1918) and Roderick Dudley Seal (1881-1942) m. Marie Ramon (1885-1930+).(<strong><u>The Biloxi Daily Herald, Business and Professional Men</u></strong>, 1902, p. 56)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Florian Seal, popular Sheriff of Harrison County, rode his bicycle with considerable skill and grace so as to quickly fulfill his business engagements in Biloxi.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, January 20, 1894, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">At Biloxi, when Mr. Seal was not in public office, as he was <strong>Sheriff</strong> of Harrison County five times, <strong>Tax Assessor</strong> of Harrison County four times, and Deputy Clerk of the Chancery and Circuit Courts of Jackson County, Mississippi in 1872-1873, functioned in local commerce operating as the <strong>Cash Variety Store</strong>.&nbsp; Apparently, Florian Seal had lost his store building in the Great Biloxi Fire of November 1900, because in January 1901, he had workmen erecting a new commercial structure on Howard Avenue next to the Biloxi Daily Herald Building.&nbsp; The Seal store building was twenty-six feet on the front and about seventy-five feet deep.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, January 5, 1901, p. 8 and January 8, 1901, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Expired December 11, 1927</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September 1898, Roderick Seal and spouse sold the Montross Hotel to John H. Miller and John Carraway for $12,000.(Harrison County, Ms. Land deed Bk. 39, p. 79)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mrs. Rebecca Walker Seal passed on at New Orleans at the residence of her daughter, Eurilda Lopez.&nbsp; Her corporal remains were interred in the St. Roch Cemetery in the Crescent City.<em>(The Daily Herald, September 12, 1936, p. 5)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1898-]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>J.H. Miller and John Carraway</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>John H. Miller</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John Henry Miller (1847-1928) born December 14, 1847 at Paulding, Jasper County, Mississippi.&nbsp; During the Civil War, he enlisted in ‘The Jasper Grays’, Company F of the 16<sup>th</sup> Mississippi Regiment serving three year as a Lieutenant Robert E. &nbsp;Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia.&nbsp; Returning from the conflict, he married Alice Sophie Miller (1852-1916) circa 1871, and they were childless. During and post-Reconstruction, J.H. Miller was a newspaper man. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(The Biloxi Daily Herald, p. 52)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1900, at Biloxi, the Millers lived on Front Street near the Carraway family.&nbsp; John H. Miller was manager of the Biloxi Real Estate and Loan Agency and was also on the board of trustees of the Industrial Institute and College at Columbus, Mississippi.&nbsp; Alice S. Miller expired at Biloxi on October 10, 1916.&nbsp; He died April 21, 1928.(1900 Harrison County, Mississippi Federal Census )</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1896, Major J.H. Miller shot and killed Jules Soule, editor of The Biloxi Review.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In February 1901, Laz Lopez to John H. Miller to and John Carraway &nbsp;all my rights, title and interest in the Montross Hotel.(Harrison County, Ms. Land deed Bk. 47, p. 26)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Montross&nbsp;</strong><strong>Hotel Wharf</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">As early as the spring of May 1892, the Montross Hotel Wharf was the scene of tourist activity.&nbsp; At this time, Captain J.B. Roberts master of Toiler, a steam tug boat, was making daily excursions to Ship Island.&nbsp; His vessel left the landing at 8:00 a.m. and returned the same day in the evening.&nbsp; The roundtrip fare was $1.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, May 28, 1900, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In June 1900, Captain Alfred St. Amant (1868-1910) operated the <strong><em>Lillie B</em></strong><em>, </em>a fast, large pleasure boat from the wharf fronting the Montross Hotel.&nbsp; Captain James Ryan piloted the vessel to the barrier islands transporting excursion partities.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, June 26, 1900, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>John Carraway</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John Carraway (1873-1931) came to Biloxi in 1893.&nbsp; He was born at Jackson, Mississippi the son of John C. Carraway (1843-1901) and Arcola Carraway (1848-1933), natives of the Magnolia State.&nbsp; In 1900, he and Mae Litel Carroway (1878-1930+), his spouse, a native of Albany, Wisconsin were domiciled on Front Street at Biloxi, where he made his livelihood as cashier for the Bank of Biloxi.&nbsp; Mr. Carraway matriculated to the University of Mississippi.&nbsp; At Biloxi, he was active in the Elk, Odd fellow, Woodman of the World, and Masonic Lodge.&nbsp; First president of the BYC.&nbsp; His parents and Tennie Carraway Moreland (1880-1905+), his Texan born cousin, were also domiciled on Front Street at this time.(The Daily Herald, p. 51 and 1900 Harrison County, Mississippi Federal Census T623 808, p. 1A, ED 31, and <em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 29, 1907, p. 2</em>)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John Carroway was a candidate for Beat One Board of Supervisors of Harrison County in 1907.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 29, 1907, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">King Bienville with Blanche Picard (1887-1930+), as queen, of Biloxi’s initial Mardi Gras in March 1908.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Medical offices-Dr. G. Ligon</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In the fall of 1900, on Tuesday and Thursday, Dr. G. Ligon, an osteopath, from New Orleans, saw patients at his offices in the Montross Hotel.&nbsp; Consultation and examination was without charge.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 30, 1900, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1900 &nbsp;Great Biloxi Fire</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In early November 1900, a spectacular conflagration which began near the L&amp;N Depot on Reynoir Street destroyed about ninety structures in a southerly direction between the L&amp;N railroad tracks and the beach.&nbsp; The Montross Hotel was not in the path of this fire, which caused about $600,000 dollars in property losses.&nbsp; The Great Biloxi fire did directly affect the future business fortunes of the Montross Hotel.&nbsp; Erroneous news reports issued from Biloxi about the recent fire, related to potential Northern winter tourists that all the hotels at Biloxi were destroyed.&nbsp; The management of Biloxi’s hostelries were in angst that their potential visitors would select other destinations without making inquiries or reservations at Biloxi<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, November 9, 1900, p. 1 and November 18, 1900, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sawford and Affeld-1899 Montross management</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In January 1899, Charles Ernest Affeld Jr., a native of Chicago, and Headley Frederick Sawford, an Englishman, arrived at Biloxi from Chicago to begin their tenure as managing partners of the Montross Hotel. &nbsp;Their first task was to prepare the large hostel for hundreds of winter guests from the North.(1900 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census T623 808, p. 1B, ED 30 and The Biloxi Daily Herald, January 17, 1899, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In January 1901, Monsieurs Sawford and Affeld reported that they had received six applications for reservations on January 10<sup>th</sup> from prospective winter guests from more northern climes.&nbsp; Those that had already settled here for the winter months were ‘cottagers’ and had no interest in lodging at hotels.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, January 11, 1901, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sawford honored</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Honorary member of the Travelers’ Protective Agency.&nbsp; Put on the building committee of the St. Louis World’s Fair.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, January 29, 1902, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Photo exhibit</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">An exhibit of color photographic images by C.S. Jackson taken at Biloxi in May 1901, was shown at the Montross Hotel in late September.&nbsp; Among these was one taken of the interior of the Ohr art pottery depicting multi-colored pots of earthenware with the art potter mounted on a pedestal in the background.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, February 25, 1902, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Yachtsman</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">H.F. Sawford (1858-1920+), a native of Surrey, England, was involved with the early development of the Biloxi Yacht Club serving his mates as secretary for several terms. &nbsp;He worked diligently to develop and promote the 1<sup>st</sup> Biloxi Yacht Club Regatta held in August 1900.&nbsp; At the third Biloxi Yacht Club Regatta in 1902, he provided the Montross Cup, a three-handled, silver trophy that was a foot-tall to the schooner that won in the forty-foot and over class.&nbsp;&nbsp; Dr. Daniel A. Nash (1858-1904), Biloxi dentist and Commodore of the BYC, gave the Nash Cup to the victor of the under twenty-foot catboat division.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, August 22, 1900, p. 1, August 13, 1902, p. 1 and August 19, 1902, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Keller’s Green promoter</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In late October 1904, H.F. Sawford went to St. Louis, Chicago, and other venues in the Midwest to promote business for the Montross Hotel.&nbsp; He had a fourteen page brochure about Biloxi and his hotel with him.&nbsp;&nbsp; Extensive improvement&nbsp; to the inn were being made before opening.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 29, 1904, p. 5 and December 1, 1904)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In late April 1909, H.F. Sawford, the congenial proprietor of the Montross Hotel, announced that he would not follow his usual custom of closing the old hostelry for the spring months, but that the grand Old Lady of Mississippi coast inns would remain operational through the regular summer tourist season.&nbsp; Mr. Sawford planned to remain at the Montross for another season and possibly longer.<em>(The Daily Herald, April 29, 1909, p. 4)</em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Sawford%2C%20H.F.-Montross%20Hotel-DP%2C%2021%20August%201900%2C%20p.%208..jpeg\" style=\"height:250px; width:128px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>H.F. Sawford</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">(from The Daily Picayune, August 21, 1900, p. 8)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Headley Frederick Sawford</strong> (1858-1920+), a native of Surrey, England, came to America in 1887 with his spouse, Marion Gertrude Sawford (1864-1920+).&nbsp; After Charles E. Affeld Jr. returned to Chicago circa 1901, Mr. Sawford remained at the Montross Hotel to at least early August 1910.&nbsp; At this time, he was the victim of an assault in the front yard of his establishment.&nbsp; E. Doty, a vagrant from Jackson, while in an inebriated state had an accident on the hotel’s swing with a companion.&nbsp; When H.F. Sawford went to investigate, he was struck in the mouth loosing teeth and receiving contusions about the nose and eye.&nbsp; Biloxi Police officers, Peter Bellande (1871-1933) and Patrolman Bills, arrested Mr. Doty as his cohort fled the crime scene.<em>(The Daily Herald, August 2, 1910, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Sawford still proprietor of Montross in June 1913 as he was an official at the finish of the New Orleans to Biloxi yacht race.<em>(The Daily Herald, June 30, 1913, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By January 1920, the Sawford are domiciled at Los Angeles, California where they are managers of an apartment house on East Beach Street.&nbsp; No further information.(1920 Los Angeles Co., California Federal Census T625_116, p. 19A, ED 466)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Charles E. Affeld Jr.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Charles E. Affeld Jr. was born at Chicago, Illinois on February 28, 1876, the son of Charles Ernest Affeld (1843-1930+), an 1847 Prussian immigrant, and Helen W. Affeld (1847-pre-1920), a native of Michigan.&nbsp; At Chicago, the Senior Affeld was a fire insurance agent.&nbsp; Helen Affeld (1875-1920+), his and Helen’s only other child, became a medical doctor and practiced at Evanston, Illinois where the family had moved after 1910.(1920 Cook Co., Illinois Federal Census T625_357, p. 11B, ED 71)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On April 4, 1900, Charles E. Affeld Jr. married May Sanders (1877-1930+), born at Ohio of Scottish immigrant parents.&nbsp; By 1902, they had departed Biloxi for Chicago where their two children, Christina Affeld (1902-1910+) and Charles E. Affeld III (1908-1930+), were born.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 10, 1900, p. 8 and </em>1910 Cook Co., Illinois Federal Census T624_268, p. 11A, ED 1088)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">At Chicago, Charles E. Affeld Jr. became an insurance agent, as his father.&nbsp; In 1917, he and May S. Affeld were domiciled at 2612 Hampden Court in the Windy City.&nbsp; By 1930, Charles E. Effeld Jr. and family had joined his retired father at Evanston, Illinois.&nbsp; He continued in the insurance business.&nbsp; It is interesting to note that their servant, Marie Baltimore (1909-1930+), was a Mississippi native.(1917-1918 WW I Draft Registration Cook Co., Illinois R1613569-Draft Board 50 and 1930 Cook Co., Illinois Federal Census R499, p. 13A, ED 2111)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Divorce</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John and Mae L. Carroway divorced and in April 1920, she married at the Village of Oregon, Wisconsin to Earle K. Prichard (1873-1930+), a hardware merchant who was a successful business of that small community just south of Madison, Wisconsin.<em>(The Daily Herald, April 12, 1920, p. 4 and </em>1930 Dane Co., Wisconsin Federal Census, R 2568, p. 7B, ED 62)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Thomas H. Warren (1835-1915) born December 8, 1835.&nbsp; Died at Biloxi on October 9, 1915.&nbsp; Acquired T.H. Kimbrough house on East Beach in June 1912.<em>(The Daily Herald, June 7, 1912, p. 1)</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In February 1901, Laz Lopez to John H. Miller to and John Carraway &nbsp;all my rights, title and interest in the Montross Hotel.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 47, p. 26)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In March 1902, John and Mae L. Carraway and J.H. and Alice Miller sell the Montross Hotel to Marie V. Craft of Mobile, Alabama for $6000.&nbsp; Fire insurance of $8000.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 51, p. 141)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1904, John Carraway while in New York City sold his one-half interest in the Montross Hotel to John Henry Miller.&nbsp; The consideration was $4500.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 61, p. 246)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1902-?]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Marie V. Craft</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202021-07-30%20at%203.10.47%20PM.png\" style=\"height:400px; width:621px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[1904 Biloxi, Mississippi Sanborn Map-Sheet 5]</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1904-1920]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>J.H. Miller and Alice Miller</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In November 1904, J.H. Miller sold Alice Miller a one-half undivided interest in the Montross Hotel and other real property in Harrison County, Mississippi for $12,000.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 63, pp. 508)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In December 1914, Alice Miller sold her interest in the Montross Hotel back to her spouse.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 117, p. 211)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1920 Sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September 1920, J.H. Miller conveyed the Montross Hotel to J.W. Apperson for $26,000.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 129, p. 289)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1920-1925]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Riviera%20Hotel.jpg\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>J.W. Apperson and the Riviera Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John Wright Apperson (1862-1939) was born at Memphis, Tennessee during the Civil War.&nbsp; He was educated at the Christian Brothers College and received his law degree from Vanderbilt.&nbsp; After a career in law and politics, Colonel Apperson began his residency at Biloxi in June 1912, when he leased the G.W. Wilkes property at the northeast corner of Seal Avenue and Beach Boulevard.&nbsp; Here J.W. Apperson commenced his first resort venture on the Mississippi Gulf Coast which he appropriately called, The Memphis House.&nbsp; In later years, it became known as the Palmer House, when owned by (<em>The Daily Herald, April 1, 1939, p. 1 and </em>Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 102 or 120?, pp. 130-131)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>&nbsp;</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1 class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Apperson Hotel Company</strong></span></span></h1>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In July 1914, J.W. Apperson, E.T. Apperson, and George W. Grayson chartered the Apperson Hotel Company.&nbsp; It was organized with a capital stock of $10,000 and in business to own lease, maintain, construct, operate and conduct hotels, restaurants, bathing piers, pleasure boats, amusement parks, and to own real estate.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Charter Bk. 15, p. 7)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>WWI &nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">During the Great War, Colonel Apperson’s nephew and namesake, Lieutenant John W.&nbsp; Apperson, was awarded the Croix de Guerre by the French Army for his bravery while commanding an artillery battery.&nbsp; Lt. Apperson was wounded in the hand by German shrapnel while on an mission in no man’s land.&nbsp; He was believed to have been the first Memphian to be decorated by the French government in this conflict.<em>(The Daily Herald, May 14, 1918, p. 3)</em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Buena Vista Hotel</strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In early April 1927, Mr. and Mrs. Apperson and Mrs. Milton J. Apperson board a United Fruit Company steamship at NOLA.&nbsp; Their destination was Havana, Cuba.<em>(The daily Herald, April 8, 1927, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>&nbsp;</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">J.W. Apperson acquired the bankrupt Riviera Hotel of Biloxi in November 1929, for $80,000.&nbsp; He had sold it to Charles B. Foster, T.K. Devitt, and Charles Delacruz circa 1925.&nbsp; Apperson to have it totally refurbished.&nbsp; Colonel Apperson was an owner-manager of the Buena Vista Hotel.<em>(The Jackson County Times, November 9, 1929, p. 1)</em></span></span></h1>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On March 27, 1930, Francis Arbeau Caillavet III (1881-1946), called Arbeau, sold his one-half interest in the Isle of Caprice Amusement Company, his co-partnership with W.H. ‘Skeet’ Hunt (1887-1960), to J.W. Apperson.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 186, pp. 249-250)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Lucille Evans Apperson</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">After the demise of Colonel Apperson in 1939, Lucille E. Apperson remained at her 127 Lameuse Street domicile, which was just north of the Riviera Hotel.&nbsp; She was born at Lincoln, Illinois on February 19, 1884, the daughter of Lincoln Evans and Nora Flynn.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In April 1942, Lucille E. Apperson vended 127 Lameuse Street to Michel N. Mikoul (1905-1993) and Shirley Thornton Mikoul (1911-1990 for $7000.( Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 242, p. 173)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Colonel Apperson managed the Riviera Hotel until his demise on April 1, 1939.&nbsp; H.N. Avery was appointed manager on April 15, 1939 and held that position until 1939.<em>(The Daily Herald, August 1, 1939, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1922-1926]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1922 Fire</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi Fire Department was called to the Riviera Hotel in the early morning hours of May 15, 1922.&nbsp; Their response and subsequent performance were sterling as the Riviera Hotel was saved from total destruction.&nbsp; It sustained about $20,000 of water and fire damage.&nbsp; Colonel J.W. Apperson related that the structure was insured and that it would be repaired before the summer season commenced.<em>(The Jackson County Times, May 20, 1922, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>New East Wing</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The East Wing of the Riviera Hotel was torn down in September 1922 under the supervision of Eric Johansen, contractor.&nbsp; By mid-September, the roof and a part of the second story had been removed with various frames to be saved.&nbsp; The building has stood for years and the old lumber is well preserved and as good as new lumber.&nbsp; A three-story, modern hotel building will be completed in time for the winter season.(The Daily Herald, September 23, 1922, p. 4)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1924 Lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">With the Buena Vista Hotel nearing completion and scheduled to open July 3, 1924, Colonel Apperson leased the Riviera Hotel to Joseph A. Isele (1867-1924+) and Martin Isele (1868-1930+), brothers and experienced hoteliers from Memphis, Tennessee. They had been involved in the construction of the Claridge Hotel at Memphis.&nbsp; The Colonel planned to reside at the Riviera until the Buena Vista opened.<em>(The Daily Herald, June 12, 1924, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Isele brothers were born in Wrisen, Baden, Germany and had immigrated to America in 1885 settling at Memphis. By 1900 they owned a hotel on Adams Street.(1900 Shelby Co., Tennessee Federal Census T623_1597, p. 8B, ED 67)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1925 Sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In January 1925, the newspapers were writing that Thomas K. Devitt (1882-1946) and Charles B. Foster (1877-1931) were considering the purchase of the Riviera Hotel for $125,000.&nbsp; Colonel Apperson and spouse went to the act of sale in late May 1925.&nbsp; The Riviera Hotel was vended to T.K. Devitt and C.B. Foster, both seafood cannery owners and entrepreneurs of Biloxi.&nbsp; The selling price was $150,000.<em>(The Jackson County Times, April 25, 1925 and </em>Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 148, pp. 156)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1925-1926]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Devitt and Foster</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Riviera Hotel under the ownership of T.K. Devitt and C.B. Foster was&nbsp;improved, especially the kitchen area. &nbsp;All new equipment was installed including such items as: racks, working tables, dish warmers, and electric dishwasher. &nbsp;In addition, a new mechanical refrigeration plant was installed as well as the lobby and dining room were repainted. &nbsp;Devitt and Foster with Chester Delacruz formed the&nbsp;Riviera Hotel Company, a Delaware Corporation, in late September 1926.&nbsp;&nbsp;Devitt and Foster sold the hotel to the Riviera Hotel Company with&nbsp;all furniture, beds, mattresses, springs, chairs, tables, bed lines, etc.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 164, p. 75)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Riviera&nbsp;</strong><strong>Café</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By April 1927,Walter Ohlmer of New Orleans, former manager of the French Tavern in the Crescent City, had taken over the management of the Riviera Café.&nbsp; At this time, he reported that his food was prepared ‘the old time way’ that and that the café was doing a lively business.&nbsp; Mr. Ohlmer had the pleasure of hosting the meetings of the Kiwanis Club of Biloxi, when the Tivoli Hotel closed for the season after Labor Day.<em>(The Daily Herald, April 24, 1927, p. 2&nbsp; and August 26, 1927, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1926-1932]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1927</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>In May </strong><strong>1927, [Paul] Wallace Montross , son&nbsp; of Peter J. Montross, returned to Biloxi to be employed at the Riviera Hotel, having most recently been with&nbsp;the Markham Hotel at Gulfport.&nbsp; He was named&nbsp;as assistant manager to Thomas </strong><strong>K. Devitt.&nbsp; Mr. Montross had began his career as a hotelier under the tutelage of his father at the then Montross Hotel.&nbsp; After departing Biloxi </strong><strong>circa 1894, Wallace&nbsp;had worked at&nbsp;the Hotel Lanz at Mexico City.&nbsp; His career had taken him to the New Astor Hotel in New York; Plasa at Havana; Tampa Bay at Tampa; Windsor at Jacksonville; Palace in San Francisco; Washington in Seattle; Green Hotel in Pasadena; the U.S. Grant at San Diego; and eleven leading hotels in New York City, eight of them located on Broadway.&nbsp; The Daily Herald in an interview with Wallace related the following:&nbsp;\"his father&nbsp;operated the Riviera for 20 years or more and built the East and West Wing.&nbsp; The old original brick part of the hotel is about 100 years old.&nbsp; Mr. Montross Jr. [sic] was born in New Orleans and reared in Biloxi.&nbsp; It is noted that he returns to Biloxi after traveling for so many years.&nbsp; Mr. Montross has never voted because he has never lived in any place long enough, but is now in Biloxi to stay, he said.\"</strong><strong>(</strong><em><strong>The Daily Herald, May 23, 1927, p. 2</strong></em><strong>)</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1929</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Foreclosure Sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>J.W.&nbsp; Apperson bought the Riviera </strong><strong>from the Riviera Hotel Company in early November 1929 for $80,000 in a foreclosure sale at Gulfport.&nbsp; Under the </strong><strong>proprietorship of Colonel Apperson,&nbsp;</strong> the Riviera Hotel underwent intensive interior and exterior improvements.&nbsp; At this time, he was also one of the owners&nbsp; and the manager of the Buena Vista Hotel.&nbsp; Completion of this work was winding down in late December 1929.&nbsp; The hotel planned its formal opening for January 10, 1930.&nbsp; C.L. Martin, former assistant manager of the Buena Vista Hotel at Biloxi was the manager of the Riviera Hotel at this time.<em>(The Daily Herald, November 4, 1929, p. 1 and December 31, 1929, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">As&nbsp;the Riviera Hotel was to be closed until early 1930, guests were located to other inns.&nbsp; Mrs. Louise Green went to the Elmer Apartments on East Beach adjacent to the Riviera Hotel; Major T.S. McCaleb and Mrs. Grover Jackson were moved to the Avon.(The Daily Herald, November 5, 1929, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Riviera Hotel Company</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>May 1930-Harrison Co., Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 11071</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Riviera Hotel Company, C.B. Foster, and Chester A. Delacruz were suing Mrs. T.K. Devitt for&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .&nbsp; Chancellor Daniel M. Russell adjudicated in favor of Mrs. T.K. Devitt to recover $10,000 from the Riviera Hotel Company.(Harrison Co., Ms Land Deed Bk. 30, p. 365)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1930-Lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In November 1930, J.W. Apperson leased the Riviera Hotel to the Coast Hotel Company and William L. Jones, vice president.{much info in this deed}(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 195, pp. 1-3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1932-Forfeiture and Trustee Sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In the early years of the Great Depression bankruptcies and foreclosures were common.&nbsp; At this time, Colonel J.W. Apperson found himself in financial difficulties and defaulted on his deed of trust on the Riviera Hotel.&nbsp; The note that he had originally taken in June 1930 from &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; had been transferred to the American National Insurance Company of Galveston, Texas.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Deed of Trust Bk. 77, p. 73)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On July 4, 1932, John D. Stennis Jr., sub-Trustee, sold the Riviera Hotel for $25,000 to the highest bidder, which was the American National Insurance Company of Galveston, Texas.( Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 195, pp. 1-3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>June 1934-Harrison Co., Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 13635</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">E.C. Ellison and Matilda C. Ellison sued J.W. Apperson for foreclosure and sale of the Riviera Hotel.&nbsp; Chancellor Daniel M. Russell adjudicated in favor of the Ellison to recover $5,000 from J.W. Apperson.(Bk. 36, p. 295)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1926-1939]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Interstate Hotel Company</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1936-Lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In late November 1936, H.E. Bearden, vice president of the Interstate Hotel Company, leased the Riviera Hotel to Eugene P. Leonetti and Mamie S. Leonettie for five years to commence December 1, 1936.&nbsp; Rents $40 per month for first year, $45 per month second year, and $55 per month for years three thru five.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 212, p. 589)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Eugene P. Leonetti</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Eugene P. Leonetti (1887-1961) was born April 25, 1887, in Italy.&nbsp; Married Mamie Sue Allen.&nbsp; One son, Eugene P. Leonetti.&nbsp; Mr. Leonetti lived in California and New York before arriving at Biloxi.&nbsp; In addition to operating the Rendezvous Restaurant, he ran the city bus terminal before his retirement.&nbsp; Active in stock and bond market.&nbsp; Eugene P. Leonetti expired at Bioxi on January 13, 1961 at his home on 411 Hopkins Boulevard.&nbsp; He was active in the Italian-American Society.&nbsp; His corporal remains were sent to Meridian, Mississippi for internment.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 13, 1961, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1937-Lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1937, the Interstate Hotel Company and Eugene P. Leonetti and spouse signed a new lease agreement which went into effect on July 1<sup>st</sup> and ended on June 30, 1942.&nbsp; The terms were the same as their first lease with the exception that the Leonettis agreed to erect a one-story, 1600 square-foot addition to the Riviera Hotel to cost not less than $2000.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 215, p. 468)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1936, Eugene P. Leonetti and Mamie Leonetti are proprietors of the Rendezvous Restaurant at 123 Lameuse Street.(1936 Biloxi City Directory , p. 176)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1940, the Leonettis are domiciled at 119 Lameuse Street.(1940-1941 Biloxi City Directory , p. 119)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1939-Sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Interstate Hotel Company, A.A. Horne, president sold to John C. Hunt on July 31, 1939 for $45,000.( Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 228 p. 226)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Quitclaim from W.L. Moody Jr., presidentof the American National Insurance Company to Interstate Hotel Company in August 1939.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 228, p. 249-228)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1939-1941]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>John C. Hunt</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">When John C. Hunt acquired the Riviera Hotel in July 1939, he had many business interests particularly a large furniture store at Dyersburg, Tennessee.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>N.H. Avery</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Nathaniel H. Avery </strong>(1889-1940+), a native of New London, Connecticut, was appointed the manager of the Riviera Hotel in the summer of 1939 replacing the late Colonel J.W. Apperson. &nbsp;Mr. Avery was formerly assistant cashier of the National Whaling Bank and president of the G.M. Long Lobster Company. &nbsp;He had previous experience in the hotel industry at Cape May, New Jersey and came to Biloxi in October 1938 for a visit. &nbsp;Lt. E.E. Fahey, Avery\'s son-in-law, had been stationed at the Biloxi Coast Guard Base. &nbsp;Nathan H. Avery was married and had two children: Grace Avery and Nathaniel H. Avery II (1924-2006).<em>(The Daily Herald, February 8, 1940, p. 12)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Joel H. Hunt</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Joel H. Hunt was manager of the Riviera Hotel in February 1941 when he was sued by William H. Barton. &nbsp;Barton alleged that Mr. Hunt made malicious and unveritable remarks about him in Ocotber 1940 when he was an employee of the hostelry.(The Daily Herald, February 20, 1941, p. 3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">For about $25,000, John C. Hunt sold the Riviera Hotel property to Mrs. H.V Sherrill on August 7, 1941.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 241, pp. 173)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1941-1955]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Wilhelmina R. Sherrill</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Wilhelmina ‘Billie’ Sewell Roberts Sherrill (1886-1982) was born at Jackson, East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana on September 26, 1886 to Dr. William J. Roberts (1869-pre 1930) and Sarah E. Roberts (1876-1930+).&nbsp; Dr. W.J. Roberts was a peripatetic physician.&nbsp; By 1896, the family had moved to Mississippi.&nbsp; In 1910, Dr. W.J. Roberts had relocated his family to Colfax, Grant Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; Their other children were: Lena O. Roberts (1895-1910+); and Bennett F. Roberts (1899-1910+).(</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Hugh V. Sherrill</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On September 29, 1917, Billie Roberts married <strong>Hugh Virgil Sherrill</strong> (1876-1927), born April 18, 1876, at Madison County, Tennessee.&nbsp; He was the son of Dr. Hugh Newton Sherrill (1837-1903) who was born on August 7, 1837 and Mary E. Hardy (1846-1910+), both Tennessee natives.&nbsp; Dr. H.N. Sherrill married Miss Hardy in September 1865.&nbsp; Their other children were: Algernon S. Sherrill (1868-1920+); Clarence H. Sherrill (1873-1900+); and Joseph L. Sherrill (1879-1900+).&nbsp; This Sherrill family is rooted in North Carolina thorough Archibald Sherrill and Agnes Moss.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Hugh N. Sherrill and Algernon [Algie] S. Sherrill (1868-1920+), his older brother, were business associates in the lumber industry for many years.&nbsp; In 1880, the Dr. H.N. Sherrill family was residing in Henderson, then in Madison County, Tennessee.&nbsp; By 1900, the family had moved to Union City, Obion County, Tennessee.&nbsp; Here Algie was a dry good merchant and Hugh N. Sherrill engaged in the lumber business.(1880 Obion County, Tennessee Federal Census T623 1591, p. 17A, ED 108)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">After the death of Dr. H.N. Sherrill in Tennessee on July 8, 1903, Hugh V. Sherrill, Algie S. Sherrill and their mother settled at Paducah, McCracken County, Kentucky.&nbsp; At this Ohio River port city, they engaged in the lumber business together.(1910 McCracken County, Kentucky Federal Census T624_493, p. 2B, ED 124)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Louisiana-California</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In late January 1920, Hugh V. Sherrill and Billie R. Sherrill, his recent bride, were domiciled at Merryville, Beauregard Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; Here Hugh V. Sherrill was the manager of a lumber mill.&nbsp; Algernon S. Sherrill (1869-1920+), his brother, was the president of the mill and residing with them.(1920 Beauregard Parish, Louisiana T625_605, p. 3B, ED 109)&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">For some reason unknown to the author, Hugh V. and Billie R. Sherrill were in Los Angeles County, California in September 1920, as their only child, Hugh Virgil Sherrill II (1920-2007+), was born here on September 18, 1920. &nbsp;Family lore relates that H. Virgil Sherrill had contracted tuberculosis and may have traveled to the western United States to improve his health.(S. Ann R. Morse, July 30, 2007)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>New Mexico&nbsp;</strong><strong>and travel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Hugh V. Sherrill expired at Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico on October 22, 1927.&nbsp; By 1930, Billie R. Sherrill, his widow, was living at 908 West Tijeras Avenue in Albuquerque with her widowed mother and young son.&nbsp; After the death of her spouse, she began several ocean voyages.&nbsp; Billie left the Canal Zone in April 1929 aboard the <strong><em>SS Heredia</em></strong>, a United Fruit Company vessel, and landed in New Orleans one week later.&nbsp; She left Havana, Cuba in August 1930 and arrived at New Orleans in September 1930 traveling aboard the <strong><em>SS Cuba</em></strong>.&nbsp; (1930 Bernalillo County, New Mexico Federal Census R 1392, p. 7B, ED 10)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Mississippi&nbsp;</strong><strong>Gulf Coast</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By 1935, Billie R. Sherrill had relocated to East Beach at Gulfport, Mississippi.&nbsp; In the late summer and early fall of 1935, she went to Europe.&nbsp; She returned on the <strong><em>SS Ile de France</em></strong> leaving Le Havre, France for New York City in early October.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Upon the death of Lynn Hamilton Dinkins (1867-1938), New Orleans’ banker and son of Captain James Dinkins (1845-1939), Mrs. Sherrill was legated $10,000 from his estate.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 11, 1938, p. 5)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>H. Virgil Sherrill</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">H. Virgil Sherrill attended the Gulf Coast Military Academy on East Beach at Gulfport.&nbsp; He matriculated to Yale University at New Haven, Connecticut and graduated with the Class of 1942.&nbsp; Mrs. Sherrill attended his graduation at New Haven in June 1942.&nbsp; Her sojourn took her to New York City where she was the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Ashton Hayward.&nbsp; Virgil Sherrill also received his commission into the U.S. Navy via the Yale NROTC program at his commencement exercises.&nbsp; They returned to Biloxi by automobile.&nbsp; Virgil was called to active military duty in June 1942.<em>(The Daily Herald, June 3, 1942, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Air War</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In November 1946, Lt. (jg) Hugh Virgil Sherrill was awarded a permanent citation for the Navy Cross by James Forrestal, Secretary of the Navy, for his extraordinary heroism as a fighter pilot of Fighting Squadron 81 attached to the <strong><em>USS Wasp.&nbsp; </em></strong>Lt. Sherrill destroyed four Japanese fighter planes on February 17, 1945 in an air battle over Tokyo Bay.&nbsp; Sherrill’s squadron encountered an enemy force with superior numbers, but preceded to press the fight.&nbsp; He was also credited with two probable ‘kills’ in this battle.<em>(The Daily Herald, November 29, 1946, p. 6)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1948, H. Virgil Sherrill resided at New Orleans.&nbsp; Here he may have met Elizabeth ‘Betty’ Stevens (b. 1924), a native of the Crescent City.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Stanford Morse</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Wilhelmina R. Sherrill married Stanford E. Morse (1900-1934+), a native of Wesson, Mississippi on November 14, 1948 in Harrison County, Mississippi.&nbsp; He was the widower of Ernestine Neuhardt (1905-1932), a native of Memphis, Tennessee.&nbsp; George E. Neuhart (1866-1920+), her Ohio born father, was a Memphis attorney and a judge.(Harrison Co., Ms. MRB 78, p. 336 and 1920 Shelby Co., Tennessee Federal Census T625_1764, p. 13A, ED 155)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Morse-Sherrill nuptial ceremony was held at her home in Pass Christian, Mississippi.&nbsp; H. Virgil Sherrill was best man for his mother, while Stanford Morse II and George E Morse stood with their father.<em>(The Daily Herald, November 15, 1948, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Stanford Morse and Ernestine Neuhardt were the parents of: Stanford E. Morse Jr. (1926-2002) m. Sally Ann Reilly (b. 1927) and George E. Morse (1926-2004?) m. Nancy Temple Wood.&nbsp; Stanford Morse relocated to Gulfport, Mississippi in 1922 from Jackson, Mississippi.&nbsp; He was educated at Millsaps College and the University of Mississippi.&nbsp; At Gulfport, Stanford became a partner in the legal firm of Ford, White, and Morse, which operated from the Abstract Building at Gulfport.&nbsp; They resided on East Beach at Gulfport.(<em>The Daily Herald, </em>50<sup>th</sup> Golden Jubilee, 1934, p. 72)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Ernestine Neuhardt Morse expired at her Gulf Shore Manor home on November 10, 1932.&nbsp; She had come to the Mississippi Gulf Coast from Memphis to attend Gulf Park College at Long Beach.&nbsp; After her graduation in &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Mrs. W. Sherrill Morse management</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">As in any change in ownership, it was only natural for Mrs. Billie R. Sherrill to hire and fire employees.&nbsp; Mrs. L.M. Lofgren was employed to manage the hostelry.&nbsp; Mrs. Jennie May White who had previously been employed at the Palmer House and had worked for Colonel J.W. Apperson at the Riviera Hotel before she left for Birmingham, Alabama, returned to Biloxi and was placed in charge of food and beverage services.&nbsp; Mrs. Leone Meyer was to assist her in the dining room.&nbsp; The ladies had arranged to have a Sunday night buffet to attract locals and provide a venue for social contact among the guests of the Riviera.<em>(The Daily Herald, August 11, 1941, p. 7)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Keesler Army Airfield- Biloxi housing shortage</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">August 1941, was a brilliant time for Mrs. Willie R. Sherrill to have acquired the Riviera Hotel.&nbsp; In June 1941, the U.S. Army Air Corps had activated Station No. 8, Aviation Mechanics School, at Biloxi, Mississippi.&nbsp; By late August 1941, this military installation had been dedicated as Keesler Army Airfield, in honor of 2nd Lieutenant Samuel Reeves Keesler (1896-1918), a native of Greenwood, Mississippi.&nbsp; Lieutenant Keesler had died in France from wounds received while in aerial combat against Germany during the Great War.&nbsp; Keesler Army Airfield not only became technical training center, but trained basic recruits. &nbsp;The first contingent of recruits arrived at Biloxi on August 21, 1941.(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<strong>Keesler</strong>_<strong>Air</strong>_<strong>Force</strong>_<strong>Base</strong>)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Clerks: Edward I. Carnes (1914-1972) and Louis Raymond.<em>(The Daily Herald, August 11, 1941, p. 7)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Shortly after Mrs. Billie R. Sherril acquired the Riviera Hotel, she placed an advertisement in the local Biloxi journal, which read as follows:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\">\r\n	<tbody>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"width:590px\">\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Riviera Hotel</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi</strong><strong>’s Coolest</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Announces</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Delicious home cooked meals prepared by Mrs. Jennie May White at popular prices.&nbsp; Also Sunday night buffet supper.&nbsp; Cool, comfortable rooms with ceiling fans, new innerspring mattresses in each room.&nbsp; Homelike atmosphere.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>SINGLE ROOMS WITH&nbsp;</strong><strong>PRIVATE BATH&nbsp;</strong><strong>AS LOW AS $1.50 DAILY</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>UNDER COMPLETE NEW MANAGEMENT SINCE AUGUST 8<sup>th</sup>, 1941. </strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>(The Daily Herald, August 14, 1941, p. 7)</em></span></span></p>\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n	</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In November 1941, Billie R. Sherrill advertised her Biloxi hotel in the Yellow Pages of the Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Telephone Gulfport Telephone Directory, as follows:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\">\r\n	<tbody>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"width:590px\">\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Riviera Hotel</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>100 ROOMS------100 BATHS</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Rates $1.50 UP</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>“Meet the Best People on Earth Here”</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Mrs. H.V. Sherrill, Owner</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>101 E. Beach&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1100</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n			<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;( p. 43)</span></span></p>\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n	</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Billie S. Morse died December 6, 1982. Buried at Live Oak Cemetery in Pass Christian, Mississippi.<em>(The Daily Herald, December 8, 1982, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Before her death, Billie S. Morse vended the Riviera Hotel at Biloxi to the Avelez Hotel Company in December 1955.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 403, p. 171)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Avelez Hotel Company</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Avelez Hotel Company was chartered in June 1946 by Uriah S. Joachim (1888-1977), Richard R. Guice, Adrian Weill (1903-1971), and Albert Sydney Johnston Jr. (1900-1992).(Harrison County, Ms. Charter Bk. 93, p. 162)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Wilhelmina ‘Billie’ Sewell Roberts Sherrill Morse (1886-1982) vended the Riviera Hotel at Biloxi to the Avelez Hotel Company in December 1955.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 403, p. 171)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Uriah S. Joachim</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Uriah Silvester “Jack” Joachim (1888-1977) was born on March 13, 1888 at Ocean Springs, Mississippi.&nbsp; He attended Soule Business School at New Orleans graduating in 1906.&nbsp; Joachim found employment as a bookkeeper for the Dantzler Commissary, a subsidiary of the L.N. Dantzler Lumber Company, at Vancleave.&nbsp; Later he worked with the J. &amp; S. Company there.&nbsp; In 1908, U.S. Joachim relocated to Biloxi where he became an employee of the L. Lopez Company as a bookkeeper<em>.(Lepre, 1991, p. 160 and The Daily Herald, January 31, 1977, p. A-2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On November 14, 1912, at Nativity B.V.M. in Biloxi, U.S. Joachim married Stella Angelina Gillen (1892-1963), a native of Biloxi and the daughter of Mark J. Gillen (1840-1925), from County Mayo, Ireland, and Ellen Sheehan (1854-1931), a native of New Orleans.&nbsp; U.S. Joachim and Stella G. Joachim were the parents of Mark Gillen Joachim (b. 1913), Clare Joachim Maddox (b. 1915), John Schappert “Jack” Joachim (b. 1916), Harry Joseph Joachim (b. 1920), and Ruth Marylyn Joachim Janca.(1925-1989).<em>(Mark Joachim, August 27, 1999)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By March 1918, Mr. Joachim had been promoted manager of the L. Lopez &amp; Company operation in Biloxi.&nbsp; At this time, he resigned and joined the Combel Hardware Company as manager.&nbsp; Mr. Joachim was one of the incorporators of this stock company, which evolved in 1948, into his wholly owned Combel’s Merchandise Mart.&nbsp; In addition to his hardware interests, U.S. Joachim was president of First Federal Savings and Loan and the Avelez Hotel.&nbsp; He was also a member of the Biloxi Chamber of Commerce, Elks Club, and Church of the Nativity of the B.V.M.&nbsp; Mr. Joachim expired in late January 1977.&nbsp; Stella Gillen Joachim, his wife of over fifty years, preceded him in death expiring on September 12, 1963.&nbsp; They rest eternally in the Southern Memorial Park cemetery in Biloxi.<em>(The Jackson County Times, March 20, 1918, p. 7 and The Daily Herald, January 31, 1977, p.&nbsp; A-2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Adrian Weill</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h1><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Adrian Weill (1903-1971) was born August 18, 1903 in Osthaffen, Lorraine, France, the son of Leon Weill (1870-1903+) and Hermine Weill.&nbsp; Leon Weill had come to the United States in 1886.&nbsp; By 1900, he was the proprietor of a general merchandising store in Ascension Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; It appears that he returned circa 1902 to Alsace-Lorraine, married and had two sons, Adrian Weill and Roger Weill (1902-1988).&nbsp; The Weill brothers immigrated to America in 1920 settling near Lutcher, St. James Parish, Louisiana with Jonas Weill (1877-1963), their uncle and a retail merchant.&nbsp; Jonas Weill had immigrated to Louisiana in 1896.(1900 Ascension Parish, La. Federal Census T623 557, p. 4A, ED 8 and 1920 St. James Parish, La. Federal Census R815, p. 19A, ED 10)</span></span></h1>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1930 Adrian Weill relocated to Biloxi, Mississippi and opened a retail shoe store on Lameuse Street.&nbsp; Shortly, he acquired the building that his leased space was situated, which led to his life long vocation of acquiring and selling rental property.&nbsp; Adrian initiated the first drive-in restaurant, Ferdinand’s, at Biloxi, which was located on West Beach.&nbsp; He also constructed Biloxi’s first shopping center, Weill’s Shopping Center, also on West Beach.<em>(The Daily Herald, February 22, 1971, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Adrian Weill met and married Jeannette L. Dees (1916-2002), who was born northeast of Mobile at Repton, Conecuh County, Alabama.&nbsp; Donna Mae Long Dees McMillan (1898-1930+), her mother, once served as Postmaster of Repton, Alabama.&nbsp; Adrian and Jeannette D. Weill were the parents of Adrian Michael ‘Mike’ Weill (1943-1976); Jolene W. Manuel Aultman; Donna Lynn W. Minton Green; and Jacqueline W. Glascow Bernstein (d. pre 2002).(<em>The Sun Herald, April 21, 2002, p. A8 and </em>1930 Conecuh Co., Alabama Federal Census R9, p. 5A, ED 17)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In December 1986, Jacqueline W. Bernstein, Jolene W. Aultman, and Donna W. Green, Conservators and daughters of Jeanette Dees Weill, sold the former Allman tract to Loris C. Bridges.(JXCO, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 649, p. 454 and Bk. 875, p. 475 and p. 478)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1947 Hurricane</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The September Storm of 1947 was very devastating to low-lying commercial and residential structures from Point Cadet to the Biloxi Lighthouse.&nbsp; The storm surge at Biloxi was measured at thirteen feet.&nbsp; In the vicinity of the Riviera Hotel</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1954</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mrs. Martha Ellis, manager, announced that the painting and redecorating of the third floor of the Riviera Hotel was commenced yesterday. &nbsp;This action will complete the hotel\'s renovation which began last year.(The Daily Herald, September 29, 1954, p. 22)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1965</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Miss Pauline McFarlane</strong> of Pascagoula was named manager replacing <strong>Chris Maples</strong>.[The Daily Herald, November 11, 1965, p. 2]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Camille</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">August 19, 1969</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Board of Directors of the Avelez Hotel held a special meeting on&nbsp; March 18, 1970 and unanimously vote to sell their old Montross-Riviera Hotel lot on Lameuse and Beach Boulevard.&nbsp; Two days later the Avelez Hotel Corporation for $260,000 conveyed the lot to the Housing Authority of Biloxi. (2<sup>nd</sup> JD Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 8, p. 473)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>City of Biloxi</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Nap L. Cassibry II, <strong>Early Settlers and Land Grants at Biloxi</strong>, Volume I, (Mississippi Coast Historical and Genealogical Society: Biloxi, Mississippi-Special Issue 5, November 1986), p. 82.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Nap L. Cassibry II, <strong>Early Settlers and Land Grants at Biloxi</strong>, Volume II, (Mississippi Coast Historical and Genealogical Society: Biloxi, Mississippi-Special Issue 5, November 1986).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Nap L. Cassibry II, <strong>The Ladner Odyssey</strong>, Volume II, (Mississippi Coast Historical and Genealogical Society: Biloxi, Mississippi-Special Issue 5, November 1986).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Charles L. Dyer, <strong><u>Along The Gulf</u></strong>, (Women of the Trinity Episcopal Church:&nbsp; Pass Christian-1971.&nbsp; Originally published 1895).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Jerome Lepre, <strong><u>Catholic Church Records Diocese of Biloxi, Mississippi</u></strong>, Volume I, (Catholic Diocese of Biloxi: Biloxi, Mississippi-1991)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><u>The Biloxi Daily Herald, Business and Professional Men</u></strong>, (The Biloxi Daily Herald: Biloxi, Mississippi-1902).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><u>The Daily Herald 50<sup>th</sup> Golden Jubilee Number Biographical and Historical 1884-1934</u></strong>, (The Daily Herald: Gulfport-Biloxi, Mississippi-1934).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">T.H. Glenn, <strong><u>The Mexican Gulf Coast on Mobile Bay &amp; Mississippi Sound</u> <u>Illustrated</u></strong>, (Delchamps: Mobile, Alabama-1893).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>The History of Jackson County, Mississippi</strong>, <strong><em>‘William C. Seaman’</em></strong> , (Jackson County, Mississippi Genealogical Society: Pascagoula, Mississippi- 1989).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Co.</strong>, <strong>“Telephone Directory-Gulfport, Miss.”, </strong>November 1941.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Chancery Court</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">No. 315, 1879.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">No. 349, 1882.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">No. 408, 1886.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">No. 799, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 143, <strong>“Peter Lienhardt, et al v. Sherrod Seaman, et al</strong>-May 1874.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 889, <strong>‘The Estate of&nbsp; P.J. Montross’, </strong>1897.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 11071, <strong>‘Riviera Hotel Company, C.B. Foster, and C.A. Delacruz v. Mrs. T.K. Devitt, et al”-</strong>May 1930.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">HarrisonCounty, Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 13635, <strong>‘ E.C. Ellison, et al v. J.W. Apperson’, </strong>May 1934.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Journals</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>‘Montross Hotel advertisement’</strong>, January 14, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“First Excursion of the Season”</strong>, February 18, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>‘Montross Hotel advertisement’</strong>, February 18, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, March 3, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Northern Visitors”</strong>, March 10, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, April 7, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Proceedings Town Council”</strong>, August 18, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Visit to the Northwest”</strong>, October 6, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, November 10, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, November 24, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“The Glorious Fourth”</strong>, July 4, 1891.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, May 28, 1892.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Montross Hotel”</strong>, December 9, 1893.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, January 20, 1894.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Latest City News”</strong>, June 13, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Necrology-Major Peter J. Montross”</strong>, April 3, 1897, p. 8.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Latest City News”</strong>, April 3, 1897.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Latest City News”</strong>, April 10, 1897.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Hotel Montross”, </strong>May 8, 1897.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Latest City News”</strong>, July 3, 1897.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Concert at the Montross”</strong>, July 17, 1897.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Local and Personal”</strong>, January 17, 1899.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Affeld-Sanders”</strong>, April 10, 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Pleasure boat for hire”</strong>, June 26, 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Pretty Things”</strong>, August 22, 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, October 30, 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Swept by Flames”</strong>, November 9, 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, November 18, 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, January 5, 1901.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, January 8, 1901.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, January 10, 1901.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, January 11, 1901.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mr. Sawford honored”</strong>, January 29, 1902.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, February 25, 1902.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Races for the soldiers”</strong>, August 13, 1902.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Races Saturday”</strong>, August 19, 1902.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Northern Visitors”</strong>, October 29, 1904.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Among the Candidates”</strong>, July 29, 1907.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Paid homage to honored dead </strong>[T.P. Dulion]<strong>”</strong>, February 23, 1907.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>,</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>,</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>,</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Carnvail </strong>(sic) <strong>next year to be bigger and better”</strong>, April&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1908.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mr. Sawford will retain Montross”</strong>, April 29, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Punches Biloxi Hotel Operator”</strong>, August 2, 1910.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Kimbrough home on beach is sold”</strong>, June 7, 1912.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Cadillac wins Grunewald Cup in race from Orleans to Biloxi, </strong>June 30, 1913.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Col. Apperson is Uncle of first Memphis hero”</strong>, May 14, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi News”</strong>, April 12, 1920.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em><em>The Daily Herald, </em></em><strong>“Riviera work progressing”</strong>, September 23, 1922.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Riviera Hotel changes hands”</strong>, June 12, 1924.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Riviera improvements completed\"</strong><strong>, August 6, 1926.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Florian Seal offers himself for reelection”</strong>, April 2, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Apperson leaves for Cuba”</strong>, April 8, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Popularizing Riviera cafe”</strong>, April 25, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Kiwanis meet at Riviera Hotel”</strong>, August 26, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Florian Seal dies suddenly”</strong>, December 12, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Florian Seal buried today”</strong>, December 13, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Riviera improvements completed”</strong>, August 6, 1926.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Bilbo to be guest of Col. Apperson”</strong>, December 3, 1926.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, <strong>\"Path leads Montross to return to Biloxi\"</strong>, May 3, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, <strong>\"Col. Apperson buy Riviera for $80,000\"</strong>,&nbsp;November 4, 1929.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>\"Riviera guests in new homes\"</strong><em>, </em>November 5, 1929.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Riviera Hotel to open January 10”</strong>, December 31, 1929.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“John Carraway dies”</strong>, August 6, 1931.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Carraway Funeral”</strong>, August 19, 1931.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Carraway Funeral”</strong>, August 21, 1931.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“John Carraway buried”</strong>, August 24, 1931.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Stanford Morse succumbs to illness”</strong>, November 10, 1932.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Remodeling pavilion”</strong>, November 21, 1936.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Florian Seal dies”</strong>, September 12, 1936.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“$10,000 left to Mrs. H.V. Sherill”</strong>, January 11, 1938.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Col. J.W. Apperson Taken By Death”</strong>, April 1, 1939.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“New Management Riviera Hotel”</strong>, August 1, 1939.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“N.H. Avery new Riviera manager”</strong>, , 1939.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“I.S. Avery dies”</strong>, February 8, 1940.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Hotel manager is sued for $25,000”</strong>, February 20, 1941.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Riviera Hotel is sold to Mrs. Sherrill”</strong>, August 9, 1941.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Announce personnel of Riviera Hotel”</strong>, August 11, 1941.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Hotels have biggest season”</strong>, August 11, 1941.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Riviera Hotel </strong>[advertisement]<strong>”</strong>, August 14, 1941.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Attends Yale graduation”</strong>, June 3, 1942.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Once busy Biloxi Beach deep in sand”</strong>, September 24, 1947.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Lt. Sherrill cited”</strong>, November 29, 1946.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Morse-Sherrill”</strong>, November 15, 1948.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. J.W. Apperson Dies”</strong>, October 26, 1951.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Hotel redecorated”</strong>, September 29, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Riviera Hotel on Biloxi Beach is purchased for $100,000”</strong>, December 23, 1955.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Eugene Leonetti”, </strong>January 13, 1961.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Adrian Weill taken by death”, </strong>February 22, 1971.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Stanford E. (Wilhelmina) Morse”</strong>, December 8, 1982.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>\"Yachting-Biloxi to have a fine building\"</strong>, August 21, 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em><strong>The Jackson County Times</strong></em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Jackson County Times, </em><strong>“Riviera Hotel is damaged by fire”</strong>, May 20, 1922.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Jackson County Times, </em><strong>“Local and Personal”</strong>, April 25, 1925.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Jackson County Times, </em><strong>“Col. Apperson Buys Riviera For $80,000”</strong>, November 9, 1929.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The New Orleans Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“The Late Destructive Gale”</strong>, September 16, 1855.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Star of Pascagoula, May 29, 1875, p. 3</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Star of Pascagoula, </em><strong>“Our Watering Places”, </strong>June 26, 1875.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Jeanette Dees Weill”</strong>, April 21, 2002, p. A8.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“FLASHBACK-A first-class hotel in Biloxi”</strong>, May 6, 2012, p. F10.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Internet</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<strong>Keesler</strong>_<strong>Air</strong>_<strong>Force</strong>_<strong>Base.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Personal Communication:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Ann Reilly Morse-</strong><strong> telephone on July 30, 2007</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">________________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>HOTEL d\'EUROPE-BUOLO HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>West Water Street</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Location:</strong>&nbsp; Block 126 ½.&nbsp;&nbsp;Lot&nbsp;west by Croesus, south by&nbsp;Water Street.&nbsp; 62 feet on&nbsp;Water Street , north&nbsp;65 feet.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Hotel d\'Europe</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1867, <strong>Francis Fizaine</strong> [Fizen] leased the <strong>Hotel d\'Europe with all buildings and outhouse</strong>s there on to <strong>Charles DeJean </strong>(1812-1894) for a term of five years. &nbsp;The DeJean lease commenced on May 15, 1866 and terminated on May 15, 1871 with an annual rent of $300. &nbsp;Fizaine promised to repair the roof and floors and agreed to erect at his own expense a substantial bath house for the use of DeJean and guests. &nbsp;In addition, he was to leave fifteen bedsteads, dining tables, and wash stands in the premises.(Harrison Co., Ms. Land Deed Bk. 10, p. 164)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>The Boulo Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Prior to the acquisition in March 1913, by August Tremmel (1873-1942), the parcel of land in&nbsp;Biloxi,&nbsp;Mississippi&nbsp;that would become the site of his tin shop and home was the location of a large hotel.&nbsp; The hotel was called the Boulo Hotel and it was probably erected by Charles DeJean (1812-1894), who was called “Boulo”.&nbsp;Charles DeJean was born at&nbsp;France&nbsp;and was the father of: Peter DeJean (1857-1909)who married Kate Williams in October 1880; Alice D. Lanius (1854-1904) m. Michael Smith Lanius (1848-1905); and Ida D. Fountain (18-1892). &nbsp;Peter was born in&nbsp;Louisiana&nbsp;his mother was from&nbsp;Louisiana.&nbsp; A hotel clerk in 1880.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Charles DeJean acquired his hotel property in March 1868, for $2500 from George Binder, attorney in fact of Carl Schwarz and the heirs at law of John Crusius, deceased of&nbsp;New Orleans.&nbsp; The warranty deed to DeJean described the tract as: &nbsp;&nbsp;<strong><em>A certain lot of ground with the improvements thereon situated in the Town of Biloxi, County of Harrison, in the State of Mississippi, namely said lot is bounded on the South by a street known as Water Street on the North by a street or property of vendors on the West</em></strong>&nbsp;<strong><em>by property of one Menasker or a street left by vendors and on the East by a road leading North and South, having a front on Water Street of one hundred and fifty seven feet more or less running thence North one hundred and eighty-four feet, thence East one hundred and fifty-seven feet more or less, thence South one hundred and eighty-four feet and West one hundred fifty-seven feet more or less to the place of beginning.</em></strong>(HARCO, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 10, p. 426)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On October 16, 1894, after the demise of Charles DeJean, the Boulo Hotel and land were vended to Jenny Bozonnier Tissot by his heirs, Peter DeJean and Alice D. Lanius.(HARCO, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 32, pp. 7-9)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Tissot Family</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Jenny Bozonnier Tissot (1849-1912), a native of&nbsp;New Orleans&nbsp;and a member of the Bozonnier-Andry family from&nbsp;France, was the widow of Judge Aristeed L. Tissot of&nbsp;New Orleans.&nbsp; Judge Tissot adjudicated in the Civil District Court, formerly called the “old probate court”.&nbsp; The Tissot family maintained a summer home at&nbsp;Biloxi.&nbsp; It was situated on&nbsp;West&nbsp;Beach&nbsp;and&nbsp;Croesus Street.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1900, Mrs. Tissot was residing on&nbsp;Croesus Street&nbsp;with her two children, Louise Melanie Lovely Tissot (1875-1922) and Louis A. Tissot (1876-1907).&nbsp; Two servants were also in the household.&nbsp; Louis A. Tissot expired on June 6, 1907, at&nbsp;Denver,&nbsp;Colorado.(1900 Federal Census Harco, Ms. and&nbsp;<em>The&nbsp;</em><em>Biloxi</em>&nbsp;Daily Herald, June 8, 1907, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Demolition</strong></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>From a study of the Sanborn Maps of Biloxi, Mississippi, it can be determined with a high degree of certitude that The Boulo Hotel was demolished between 1904 and 1914.&nbsp; No further information.</strong></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Charles DeJean facts</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Adele Aldezer (1826-1916), first wife?</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Josephine DeJean (1844-1880), mother French.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Alice DeJean Lanius, a native of&nbsp;France, married Michael Smith Lanius (1848-1905), a native ofAlabama&nbsp;before 1870.&nbsp; Seven children, five daughters and two sons:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Charles M. Lanius (1881-1950) married Laura Tremmel (1884-1935), a sister of August Tremmel, who would acquire the DeJean hotel property later.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Peter DeJean facts</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Engaged in business at&nbsp;Decatur,&nbsp;Alabama&nbsp;in 1888.<em>(The&nbsp;</em><em>Biloxi</em>&nbsp;Herald, January 21, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In June 1891, Peter DeJean opened the ‘Little Gem’, a billiard saloon.&nbsp;<em>(The Biloxi Herald, June 6, 1891, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mrs. Ida Fountain, half-sister, of P.J. DeJean died at NOLA last Saturday.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, February 6, 1892, p.4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1899, Operating Sazerac Lunch House on the corner of Howard and&nbsp;Main Street.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In December 1914,<strong>&nbsp;</strong><em>The Daily Herald</em>, stated that in an article titled, ‘Twenty Years Ago’ that:&nbsp;<strong><em>“Peter DeJean opened up a restaurant on the depot square”</em></strong><em>.(The Daily Herald, December 19, 1914, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><u><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></u></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi-D\'Iberville Press, </em><strong>\"The Way it Was\"-\'Biloxi\'s Chalet Boulo\'</strong>, November 18, 1995.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp;</em><em>Biloxi</em>&nbsp;Herald,&nbsp;<strong>“City News”</strong>, January 21, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp;</em><em>Biloxi</em>&nbsp;Herald,&nbsp;<strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, June 6, 1891.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp;</em><em>Biloxi</em>&nbsp;Herald,&nbsp;<strong>“City News”</strong>, January 21, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp;</em><em>Biloxi</em>&nbsp;Herald,&nbsp;<strong>“Sazarac Lunch House”</strong>, May 16, 1899.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Twenty years ago today”</strong>, December 19, 1914.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">________________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>SHEFFER HOUSE </strong>[1880]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1880, <strong>Theodore M. Scheffer</strong> (1849-1884), a Prussian immigrant, opened his establishment, the Scheffer House, for guests.&nbsp; It had been placed in first class condition for the season.(1880 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census T9_648, p. 9, ED 139 and <em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, May 28, 1880, p. 3</em>)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, </em>May 28, 1880.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ORLEANS HOUSE</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-03%20at%2011.34.27%20AM_0.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">[The Pascagoula Democrat, June 4, 1880, p. 4]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-03%20at%2011.06.31%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">[The Biloxi Herald, September 8, 1888, p. 5]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">William Drysdale [1818-1870+] was born in Scotland.&nbsp; In January 1857, he married Margaret Ellen Musson (1840-1896), an Irish immigrant from Belfast. &nbsp;&nbsp;Children: Jane Drysdale (1858-1939); William Drysdale (1861-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ); Elizabeth Drysdale (1864-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) married Charles L. Johnson in 1894; Anna Drysdale (1866-1934); Josephine Drysdale (1867-1955); John Thomas Drysdale (1868-1934); Robert E. Lee Drysdale (1871-1900+); Alexander W. Drysdale (1872-pre 1880) and Alexina I. Drysdale (1872-pre-1880).(Lepre, 1991, p. 97)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">Maggie Drysdale</span><span style=\"color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:sans-serif,arial,verdana,trebuchet ms; font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;left Biloxi in February 1888 to stay with William Drysdale, her brother, at Selma, Alabama.&nbsp; In 1900, William was operating a restaurant on Washington Street at Selma, Alabama.&nbsp; Circa 1884, he married Fannie Hedge or Haig, a native of Alabama.&nbsp; Two children born at Biloxi in 1885 and&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .( Lepre, 1991, p. 97 and 1900 Dallas Co., Alabama Federal Census T623 14, p. 8B, ED 44)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“City News”, </strong><em>February 25, 1888.</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">_________________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ARLINGTON HOTEL&nbsp;</strong>[circa 1889]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; <img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Biloxi Arlington Hotel-Randazzo-2011.jpg\" style=\"height:203px; width:350px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Arlington House</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[Courtesy of H.R. \'Randy\' Randazzo]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Arlington House and its furnishings were owned by <strong>Charles F. Theobald</strong>&nbsp;(1839-1903) and situated on Front Street [Beach Boulevard], probably near Main Street. &nbsp;It appears to have opened in 1889 under the proprieurtorship of <strong>H. Edwards</strong>. &nbsp;By May 1890, <strong>Colonel L. Bitterwolf</strong> of New Orleans was the&nbsp;lessor. &nbsp;He stayed for about two months and was replaced by<strong> Edward L. Brown</strong> also coming from the Crescent City by way of Western&nbsp;resorts. &nbsp;Colonel Bitterwolf returned to NOLA to work in the liquor business.(The Biloxi Herald, November 30, 1889, p. 2 and July 26, 1890, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Advertisement</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In June 1891, this advertisement was run in <em>The Biloxi Herald</em>:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ARLINGTON HOTEL&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">(on the Front Beach)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Biloxi, Mississippi</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Under the proprieurtorship of Edward L. Brown</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Fire</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In early September 1891, a fire commenced in the kitchen of the Arlington Hotel which quickly spread to the main building. The hotel and a small, warehouse structure owned by <strong>Jacob Elmer</strong> were consumed by the conflagration. &nbsp;Mr. Theobald had his property insured for $3500, but his losses were estimated at $6000. &nbsp;Mr. Brown, the lessor, had covered his personal effects for $1200.(The Biloxi Herald, September 12, 1891, p. 4)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>\"Advertisement\",&nbsp;</strong>November 30, 1889.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>\"Advertisement\", </strong>December 21, 1889.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>\"Advertisement\", </strong>June 6, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>\"The Arlington Hotel changes hands\",&nbsp;</strong>July 26, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>\"Fire Record\", </strong>September 12, 1891.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">_______________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Bayview Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1926 improvements</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'<strong>Bayview Hotel improvements\'</strong>, January 6, 1927, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">____________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Beach Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Beach%20Hotel-drysdale-wetzel.jpg\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">[Built 1893]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Drysdale Family</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In 1857, Margaret&nbsp;Ellen Musson [1840-1896], native of Belfast, Nothern Ireland, married William&nbsp;Drysdale [1818-1870+], native of Scotland, in Harrison County, Mississippi.[see MRB 3, p. 110]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\">CHILDREN</span></strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Jane Drysdale (1858-1939); William Drysdale (1861-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ); Elizabeth Drysdale (1864-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) married Charles L. Johnson in 1894; Anna Drysdale (1866-1934); Josephine Drysdale (1867-1955); John Thomas Drysdale (1868-1934); Robert E. Lee Drysdale (1871-1900+); Alexander W. Drysdale (1872-pre 1880) and Alexina I. Drysdale (1872-pre-1880).(Lepre, 1991, p. 97)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-03%20at%2010.43.55%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">[The Biloxi Herald, October 24, 1896]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-03%20at%2010.38.27%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">[The Biloxi Herald, October 31, 1896]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-03%20at%209.34.55%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1870 Harrison County, Mississippi Federal Census</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-12-30%20at%202.23.39%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">[The Handsboro Democrat</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1914, run &nbsp;by four Drysdale sisters. &nbsp;Jennie [Jane] Drysdale was the buyer and general manager; Lizzie Drysdale had married Charles L. Johnson, but after being widowed had returned to the family business; &nbsp;Jo Drysdale; </span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Nesbit Cottages-1944</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-08-21%20at%201.01.14%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Property known as Vacation Village in 1959.</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \'</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \'</span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'Drysdake property bought by Orleanian\', March 3, 1937.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \'</span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'Building Permits\',&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, \'Miss Jane Drysdale dies at Biloxi today\', April 20, 1939.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, <strong>\'Know Your Coast\'-Today Two Readers Take Over The Column\',&nbsp;</strong>January 30, 1959, p.&nbsp;2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Breslow Hotel</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202021-07-30%20at%203.10.47%20PM_0.png\" style=\"height:300px; width:466px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[1904 Biloxi, Mississippi Sanborn Map-Sheet 5]</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The&nbsp;<strong>Breslow Hotel</strong>, a new and spacious, modern structure on Front Street, was being completed by John Eistetter. &nbsp;Occupancy was expected by 1 June. &nbsp;Mrs. M.A. Andrews,&nbsp;formerly of the Bay View,&nbsp;will manage the premises. &nbsp;She was at the Neilson House in 1891.[The Biloxi Daily Herald, May 25, 1899, p. 8 and The Biloxi Herald, June 13, 1891, p. 4]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1900-1940</strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Avon Hotel and Annex</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Avon%20Hotel.jpg\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1926</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-11%20at%202.59.44%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Daily Herald&nbsp;January 16, 1926, p. 2]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1929</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Vincent Di Gregorio&nbsp;</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">[1862-1929], proprietor of the Avon Hotel, was killed by a trolley&nbsp;car on November 15, 1929 at&nbsp;Biloxi. &nbsp;He was a native of New Orleans and former owner of the Pelican Fish Company. &nbsp;Mr. Di Gregorio had been in Biloxi since about 1911 and owned additional Biloxi beach front acreage.&nbsp;[The Daily Herald, November 16, 1929, p. ]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">REFERENCES:</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">The Daily&nbsp;Herald, \'Hotel [Avon] for lease\', October 17, 1925.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">The Daily&nbsp;Herald, \'To open Avon\', Febuary 8, 1928.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily&nbsp;Herald, \'Avon changes hands\', January 6, 1929.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">The Daily&nbsp;Herald, \'Di Gregorio dies after being hit by trolley car\', November 16, 1929.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;<img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Avelez Hotel-postcard_1.jpg\" style=\"height:219px; width:350px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>AVALEZ HOTEL</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[Image made before the August 1930 fire]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>W.K.M. Dukate home</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In late 1922, Edward L. Brady (1874-1939), Erena Lopez Brady (1885-1940) and Teresa Lopez Folkes (1873-1951) acquired the W.K.M. Dukate (1852-1916) residence property situated on the south side of West Howard Avenue bounded by Croesus Street on the west and Magnolia Street on the east. The magnificent Dukate home, which cost $4500 to erect, had been built here in the fall of 1894 with J.F. Barnes, architect and contractor from New Orleans, in charge. The Dukate lot on West Howard Avenue was leveled and prepared for construction in mid-October 1894. By mid-December 1894, the Dukate home was nearing completion. In March 1895, local decorators White &amp; Suter were lauded for the quality of their paper hanging, painting and interior decorating of the Dukate edifice. Henry Lienhard, a relative of Mrs. Linda Dukate, painted the fence surrounding the perimeter of the Dukate place.<em>(The Biloxi Herald,</em><strong><em>&nbsp;</em></strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>Hotel lot</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Avelez Hotel lot facing north of West Howard Avenue was situated between Croesus Street and Magnolia Street and described as follows: From the point of beginning which is the intersection of the south side of West Howard Avenue and Magnolia Street; thence south 202 ½ feet to a point which is the southeast corner of the hotel lot; then go west for 80 feet; thence south 13 2/12 feet to a point and then go west 70 feet to the southwest corner of the hotel lot; go north along the east side of Croesus for 239 feet to the northwest corner of West Howard Avenue and Croesus Street; thence 163 feet along West Howard Avenue to the point of beginning.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 235, p. 267)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>Hotel</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Madames Brady and Folkes planned to erect a handsome hotel on the former Dukate lot. In late February 1923, they with Carl Matthes, a well-respected Biloxi architect, left town to tour and inspect some of the finer resorts and hotels in Florida with the purpose of generating ideas for their new Biloxi enterprise.<em>(The Daily Herald, February 27, 1923, p. 3)</em>&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The name Avelez was chosen for the Brady hotel.&nbsp; Lazarus Lopez (1850-1903), the father of Erena Lopez Brady, had been born at Aviles, Asturias Province, north western Spain in October 1850.&nbsp;&nbsp; He left Spain for Cuba in 1863 and arrived in Texas before becoming a denizen of Biloxi, Mississippi circa 1870.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Lazaro Lopez expired in Rome, Italy on September 25, 1903 as the result of an acute inflammation of his kidneys and dysentery.&nbsp; Earlier he and Julia Dulion Lopez (1857-1918), his loving spouse, with four of their youngest children, Julius M. Lopez (1886-1958), Erena Lopez, Rowena Lopez (1895-1986), and Noreta Lopez (1896-1960), had departed&nbsp; Biloxi, Mississippi via the L&amp;N Railroad for NYC where they boarded an ocean liner for Europe.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mr. Lopez had been ill at Biloxi before they left for Europe.&nbsp; A telegram from Rome reached Biloxi on September 19, 1903 notifying his family here that he was seriously sick.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, September 19, 1903, p. 8)</em>&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>E.L. Brady Hotel Company</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Erena L. Brady Hotel Company was chartered in the State of Mississippi in September 1923 by Edward L. Brady, Erena Lopez Brady, and William Lee Guice.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Chattel Deed Bk. 28, p. 545 and Land Deed Bk. 403, p. 171)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>Construction</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Avelez Hotel was situated on the south side of West Howard Avenue and Croesus Street. It was erected in 1923 by the E.L. Brady Hotel Company owned by Edward Brady and Erena Lopez Brady, his spouse. The Brady Hotel Company contracted with Tallavest &amp; Rigar, builders from Jacksonville, Florida, to erect their five-story, one-hundred room edifice at the cost of $60,000.&nbsp; The hotel was to be the equipped with modern furniture and each hotel room to have a bathroom.(The Daily Herald, December 28, 1923,p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;<strong>Opening-New Year’s Eve-1923</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">When the Avelez Hotel opened on December 31, 1923, Philip Columbus Caldwell (1892-1951) was its manager.&nbsp; Manager Caldwell had married Rowena Lopez (1895-1986), the sister of Erena Lopez Brady, on January 12, 1917 in a small wedding ceremony at Nativity B.V.M. in Biloxi. Father Alphonse Ketels officiated for their nuptial vows. Mr. Caldwell was manager of was the manager of the Great Southern Hotel at Gulfport, Mississippi<em>.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 13, 1917, p. 3)</em></em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The newlywed Caldwells made their home in Gulfport. By the fall of 1917, Philip C. Caldwell had left his managerial position with the Great Southern Hotel and joined J. Rucks Yerger Jr. (1892-1931), his brother-in-law, in the insurance business as Yerger-Caldwell. Their office was above Grant’s Drug Store on West Howard Avenue. With WWI raging in Europe, Mr. Caldwell joined the U.S. Army in 1917 and was stationed at Camp Shelby in the Quartermasters Corps<em>.<em>(The Daily Herald, October 4, 1917, p. 3 and October 8, 1917, p. 3)</em></em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By 1920, the Caldwell family was domiciled in the Lazarus Lopez edifice on West Howard Avenue living with the Yergers, Noreta Julia Lopez Yerger (1896-1960) and Rucks Yerger, and the Bradys, Erena L. Brady and Edward L. Brady. &nbsp;In January 1920, the Yergers made the decision to demolish, the magnificent Lopez domicile and erect the Yerger Building on it site. By this time three Caldwell children, Margaret Caldwell (1918) m. ; Philip J. ‘Jack’ Caldwell II (1919-2008) m. Joan H. Caldwell (1923-2001); and Rowena ‘Jill’ Caldwell (1919-2008) m. Mr. Otremba.(<em>The Daily Herald, January 22, 1920, p. 3 and June 10, 1920, p. 6)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Phillip C. Caldwell expired at Chicago in the Mercy Hospital on June 8, 1951. &nbsp;The Caldwell family had left Biloxi in 1924. At the time of his demise, Mr. Caldwell was manager of the Chapman-Park Hotel in Los Angeles. &nbsp;He was survived by Rowena Lopez Caldwell, his spouse, and children: Mrs. Edward Wilson of Chicago; Mrs. Arthur Atriembo; and Phillip Caldwell. &nbsp;Phillip Caldwell\'s corporal remains were interred at a Chicago cemetery.&nbsp; Rowen Lopez Caldwell passed on April 17, 1986 at Goleta, Santa Barbara County, California.&nbsp; (The Daily Herald, June 9, 1951, p. 3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Rowen Lopez Caldwell passed on April 17, 1986 at Goleta, Santa Barbara County, California,</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Phil Caldwell was instrumental in securing the Greeters of America to make a visit to Biloxi. Before they arrived, he had taken a position at the Hotel Galves at Galveston, Texas in May 1921.(The Daily Herald, May 12, 1921, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In the summer of 1930, the Caldwell family was domiciled at Chicago. Phil and Rowena L. Caldwell took a two month European tour at this time. Their three children were enrolled in summer camps in Michigan. Jill and Margaret Caldwell went to Camp Meecasinio near Baldwin, Michigan while Jack attended Camp Algonquin near Alanson, Michigan.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>1930 Conflagration</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Avelez Hotel structure was struck by a devastating conflagration in the early morning of August 24, 1930.&nbsp; The fire originated in the Hill Store in the arcade fronting the hotel section of the building.&nbsp; Guests of the Avelez Hotel were notified and evacuated from their rooms without harm.&nbsp; Initial damage estimates from insurance adjusters placed the total cost of the fire at about $65,000, which when itemized came to $40,000 to $50,000 for stocks and fixtures and about $25,000 for the structure.&nbsp; The hotel proper was harmed only by smoke and water.&nbsp; Mrs. Erena Brady Lopez announced that the fire damaged arcade would be rebuilt.&nbsp; The day after the fire, Collins Brothers and Manual and Wetzel, two local building contractors, were making estimates for Mrs. Brady and her insurance companies respectively.&nbsp; Businesses affected by the conflagration in addition to the Hill Store were: Eddie’s Drug Store-Eddie Ouille owner; La Nationale Beauty Parlor-Mrs. Charles H. Patterson of NOLA owner; The Biloxi Insurance Agency; the barber shop-N.H. McAllister, proprietor; and the Avelez Café operated by Dan Markotich.(The Daily Herald, August 25, 1930, p. 1).&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>Avelez management</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">W.D. Jarman of Baton Rouge, Louisiana former manager of the Avelez Hotel and the Pine Hills Hotel is now assistant manger with the Hotel Buena Vista.<em>(The Daily Herald, June 6, 1927, p. 2) </em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>1932-E.L. Brady Hotel Company default</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Great Depression commencing in October 1929 may have been the salient reason for the E.L. Brady Hotel Company to default on their mortgage of $166,000 made in March 1928 with the Canal Bank &amp; Trust Company of NOLA.&nbsp; In October 1931, their chief bond holders, Allen Dezauche, Morris A. Hirsch, H.A. Cleaver, Richard McCarthy, and J.S. Waterman, who owned $133,500 in Avelez Hotel bonds, demanded payment.&nbsp; When the default came, the Avelez Hotel was sold to these gentlemen in a Trustee’s Sale on March 7, 1932.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Trust Deed Bk.&nbsp; 64, p. 169-163, Trust Deed Bk. 81, p. 230; and Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 194, p. 58-70)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>Avelez Hotel Company</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Allen Dezauche and the bond holders of the Canal Bank &amp; Trust Company sold the Avelez Hotel on April 1932 to the Avelez Hotel Company for $20,000.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 194, p. 71)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>1937-Sales</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In January 1937, Properties Incorporated through the Stephen L. Guice and Company, a Biloxi realty firm, vended the Avelez Hotel to John T. Powers of Alexandria, Louisiana and associate with Guaranty Bank &amp; Trust Company of Alexandria, Louisiana, and A.W. Keen, a resident of Houston, Texas and hotel operator with properties in Atlanta and Houston.&nbsp; These gentlemen will personally operate the hotel.(The Times-Picayune, January 12, 1937, p. 4 and January 17, 1937, p. 63)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John T. powers sold a 1/4 interest of his interest in the Avelez Hotel to Katherine Waggoner Powers (1887-1957), his spouse in January 1937.&nbsp; It appears that the Powers divorced before 1945.&nbsp; Katherine W. Powers died at Biloxi, Mississippi in September 1957 leaving her son, John W. Powers, and M.C. Waggoner, a brother, at Tylertown, Mississippi.&nbsp; Her corporal remains were interred in the Southern Memorial Park cemetery in West Billxi.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 213, p. 379 and The Daily Herald, September 17, 1957, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>John T. Powers</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John Thomas Powers (1887-1971) was a native of Baton Rouge, Louisiana.&nbsp; Before Mr. Powers came to the Mississippi Coast, he was associated with the Bentley Hotel at Alexandria, Louisiana.&nbsp; In March 1937 when Mr. Powers was the managing the Avelez Hotel at Biloxi, John W. Powers (1911-1970), his son and a resident of Lake Charles, Louisiana, came to visit his parents at the hotel.&nbsp; While here, John W. Powers decided to relocate to Biloxi and became the cottage manager at the Buena Vista Hotel.&nbsp; By 1949, the Powers family was operating the Biloxi Laundry &amp; Dry Cleaning Company at 244 Porter Avenue.(The Daily Herald, March 30, 1937, p. 3&nbsp;)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In February 1945, Eva Mae Powers (1899-1965), a native of Alexandria, Louisiana and the wife of John T. Powers, acquired from Julia Agnes O’Neill Mooney Glengariff, an older residence situated at 253 Beach Drive in Ocean Springs.&nbsp; Glengariff was the former summer retirement home and estate of Captain Francis O\'Neill (1849-1936) of Chicago and Mrs. Mooney was his daughter.&nbsp; The house was located near the center of a 5.14 acre tract which ran northeasterly from the beach front almost 800 feet to the southwest corner of Cleveland and Martin Avenues.&nbsp; There was 286 feet of beach front.&nbsp; Francis O\'Neill was a resident of 5448 Drexel Avenue at Chicago, Illinois.&nbsp; He and his family wintered at Ocean Springs, Mississippi from 1914 to his death on January 26, 1936.&nbsp; O\'Neil was interred at the Mount Olivet Cemetery in Chicago and is known today for his .(Jackson Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 88, pp. 471-473)&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John Werner Powers died at Glengarriff on January 27, 1970.&nbsp; He was survived by his wife, Mabel Powers, and children John Thomas Powers of Seattle and Carol Leatherman of Pineville, Louisiana. In September 1971, John T. Powers followed his son in death.&nbsp; His first spouse, Eva Mae Powers, had expired in mid-February 1965.&nbsp; She was a native of Alexandria, Louisiana. John T. Powers left a wife, Helen Edwards.&nbsp; He was a Mason and Shriner and also a member of the US Coast Guard Auxiliary.(The Ocean Springs News, February 18, 1965, p. 1, The Daily Herald, January 28, 1970, p. 2 and September 19, 1971, p. A-2)&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Glengarriff was sold to El Madrid, Inc. in March 1969, by Mrs. Beverly S. Haslitt, the daughter of Eva Mae Powers, and John T. Powers.&nbsp; The magnificent old house was torn down to build the El Madrid Apartments, which became the Ocean Pointe Apartments, which commenced operations in the spring of 1971.&nbsp; Katrina destroyed all structures on this property in August 2005.(Jackson Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 359, p. 259)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;<strong>1940-Sales</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The year 1940 saw many changes in the ownership of the Avelez Hotel.&nbsp; John T. Powers and his partners were in debt to the Reconstruct Finance Corporation for $38,730.&nbsp; The Powers party was&nbsp; sued in the Chancery Court of Harrison County, Mississippi in March 1940.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 232, p. 379 and Harrison Co/, Mississippi Cause No. 16897-March 1940)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1940, the trustee for the mortgagers of the Avelez Hotel, which at this time had eight-eight rooms and had been operated for about three years by John T. Powers, sold the hostelry for $33,000 to the Canal Bank &amp; Trust Company of NOLA.&nbsp; The only other bidder was J.C. Hunt, the proprietor of the Tivoli Hotel and Riviera Hotel, both Biloxi inns.(The Daily Herald, May 14, 1940, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>1940-Pringle group</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In October 1940, H.G. Thompson, special agent for the Canal Bank &amp; Trust Company [in liquidation] conveyed the Avelez Hotel to Victor B. Pringle, Carl E. Matthes, and Dewey R. Reagan.&nbsp; The sales price was $42,500.&nbsp; The new owners&nbsp;&nbsp;planned to open in November with a new management team and was considering to enact renovations and improvements to the hotel and front.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 235, p. 267)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The sale of the Avelez Hotel to the Pringle group was approved by the Federal Court at Biloxi and the Orleans Parish Civil District Court at New Orleans.&nbsp; The court required that the liquidators of the Canal Bank &amp; Trust Compnay sell the Biloxi hotel for $42,500.&nbsp; The payment terms were $10,000 cash and the balance of the price to be paid in six annual installments, five payments int he amount of $2500 each year and the final payment of $20,000 with 5% interest and secure by a vendor\'s lien and deed of trust on the property.&nbsp; In addition, if the mortgage was paid in full within six months, there would be a discount of $2500 or if cancelled within one year, there would be a $2000 discount to the purchasers.(The Daily Herald, October 29, 1940, p. 3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1946 Sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In July 1946, Victor B. Pringle, Margaret W. Prongle, Beulah Dukate Matthes. Carl E. Matthes, Vallie D. Landry and Juan G. Landry sold the Avelez Hotel to the Avelez Hotel Corporation.&nbsp; The consideration was $190,000 with $55,000 paid in cash and $135,000 in promissory notes.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 289, p. 493)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>Avelez Hotel Corporation</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Avelez Hotel Corporation was chartered June 1946 by Uriah S. Joachim (1888-1977), Richard R. Guice, Adrian Weill (1903-), and Albert Sydney Johnson Jr., In December 1955, the Avelez Hotel Corporation acquired the Riviera Hotel, formerly the Montross Hotel, located on the northeast corner of Lameuse Street Beach Boulevard from Willemenhia ‘Billie’ S. Morse.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Chattel Deed Bk. 93, p. 162 and Land Deed Bk. 403, p. 171)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>Earle Hotel</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In December 1946, theEarle Hotel Company, a national chain which operated hostelries from Boston to Seattle, took a10-year lease from the Avelez Hotel Corporation.&nbsp; &nbsp;The total consideration was $400,000 for the building’s furnishings and ancillary equipment.&nbsp; The one-hundred room, Avelez Hotel was renamed the Earle Hotel and T.R. Brady, manager, was replaced by H.R. Davern on January 1, 1947.&nbsp; H.R. Pratt of the Earle Hotel organization negotiated the lease through Victor Clesi, a broker domiciled in the Crescent City.(The Daily Herald, December 17, 1946, p. 1 and December 18, 1946, p. 15)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Avelez%20Hotel-DH-September%2014%2C%201979_0.jpg\" style=\"height:200px; width:137px\" /><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Avelez%20Hotel-demolition_2.jpg\" style=\"height:164px; width:200px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Avelez Hotel</strong> [September 1970] &nbsp; Avelez Hotel [December 1972]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>Urban Renewal</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;In December 1972, the Harris Wrecking Company was employed to demolish the Avelez Hotel on West Howard Avenue.&nbsp; The job was expected to take 30 days and their remuneration was $25,000.(The Daily Herald, December 1, 1972)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em><strong>&nbsp;Chancery Court Cases&nbsp;</strong></em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 16897, “R Finance Corporation v. &nbsp;John T. Powers, et al”, March 1940.</em>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong><em>Journals&nbsp;</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi-D’Iberville Press, </em><strong>“Picture of the Past-Avelez Hotel—In the Late Twenties”</strong>, July 24, 1985.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi-D’Iberville Press, </em><strong>“The History of the Biloxi area-Avelez Hotel”</strong>, March 23, 1994.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Caldwell-Lopez”</strong>, January 13, 1917.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald</em>,<strong>“Mr. Caldwell goes to Camp Shelby”</strong>, October 4, 1917.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The</em> D</strong><strong><em>aily Herald,</em><strong>“Notice to the public”</strong>, October 8, 1917.</strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Lopez home to be demolished”</strong>, January 22, 1920.</strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Biloxi home is being torn down”</strong>, June 10, 1920.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Making home in Texas”</strong>, May 12, 1921.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Handsome hotel to open New Year’s Eve”</strong>, December 28, 1923.</strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Hotel Avelez opens today”</strong>, December 31, 1923.</strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Hundreds attend opening reception of Hotel Avelez”</strong>, January 1, 1924.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi Items”</strong>, April 23, 1930.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Caldwells abroad”</strong>, July 31, 1930.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“</strong><strong>To rebuild Avalez building after $60,000 conflagration</strong><strong>”</strong>, August 25, 1930.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi News Paragraphs”</strong>, March30, 1937.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“<strong>New Orleans bank buys Avelez Hotel</strong>”</strong>, May 14, 1940.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em></strong></em><strong>“<strong>Local syndicate buys Avelez Hotel</strong>”, October 14, 1940. </strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em></strong></em><strong>“Court authorizes sale Avelez Hotel”, October 29, 1940. </strong></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Lease by Earle Hotel chain”</strong>, December 17, 1946.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi, Avelez leased by chain”</strong>, December 18, 1946.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Phillip Caldwell dies in Chicago”</strong>, June 9, 1951.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Katherine Powers”</strong>, September 17, 1957.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“</strong><strong>John W. Powers\"</strong>, January 28, 1970, p. 2.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Urban&nbsp;</strong><strong>renewal threatens Biloxi\'s Avelez Hotel\"</strong>, September 14, 1970.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“</strong><strong>John T. Powers\"</strong>, September 19, 1971, p. A-2.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Ocean Springs News, </em><strong>“Mrs. Eva Mae Powers”</strong>, February 18, 1965.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Times-Picayune, </em><strong>“Sale of Avelez Hotel at Biloxi announced here”</strong>, January 12, 1937.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Times-Picayune, </em><strong>“Biloxi, Avelez leased by chain”</strong>, December 18, 1946.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Times-Picayune, </em><strong>“”</strong>,&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Times-Picayune, </em><strong>“”</strong>,</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">_________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BILOXI HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In January 1905, Octavie Tricou Weysham (1835-1910) conveyed to Teresa Lopez Folkes a large tract of land on West Beach.&nbsp; The consideration was $4000 and the Weysham parcel had a front of 100 feet on the Gulf and ran north to Pass Christian Road.&nbsp; Catherine Perry was to the west and Dr. Folkes’ Sanatorium was to the east.&nbsp; Shortly thereafter in June 1905, Erena Lopez acquired the Perry large tract which was east of the Biloxi Cemetery for $17,000.&nbsp; It a front on the Gulf of Mexico of three hundred sixty-eight feet and ran north almost 1200 feet to Cemetery Road, now Irish Hill Drive.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 64, p. 388 and Bk. 69, p. 89)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Weysham property was sold to Mrs. Folkes by Richard B. Harrison (1831-1905), local agent, and the father of Charles T. Harrison (1863-1948), who would develop a 20<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;Century real estate empire in Biloxi.&nbsp; The Weysham place had been on the market for several years and had two houses situated on it.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 21, 1902, p. 3 and December 10, 1904, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mrs. Octavie T. Weysham was born at New Orleans.&nbsp; In July 1877, she had married Alphonse Charles Weysham (1831-1900), the widower of her sister, Emma Tricou Weysham (1831-1876).&nbsp; Emma had given birth to Blanche Weysham Harris (1862-1900+), who was reared by Octavie and Alphonse C. Weysham.&nbsp; He made his livelihood as cashier for a large commercial house in the Crescent City.(1880 Orleans Parish Federal Census R461, p. 371C, ED 43)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Gulf Coast Sanitarium and Health Resort</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Dr. James E. Wallace (1876-1942) joined Dr. Folkes in the summer of 1911.&nbsp; He had been at the Biloxi Sanatorium several years past, but returned to Touro Infirmary at NOLA before relocating to Biloxi to partner with Dr. Folker.&nbsp; Dr. Wallace planned to&nbsp; live at the Sanatorium and have his office over Grant’s Drugstore on West Howard Avenue.<em>(The Daily Herald, July 21, 1911, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Founded by Dr. H.M. Folkes.&nbsp; Consisted of operating room and clinic.&nbsp; In 1912, installed a modern X-Ray machine in clinic. .<em>(The Daily Herald, January 8, 1913, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In January 1913, Dr. Folkes hosted the Harrison County Medical Association at his sanitarium.&nbsp; Coast &nbsp;physicians attending were: Dr. R.L. White, Dr. G.F. Carroll, and Dr. H.M. Folkes of Biloxi; Dr. A.L. Morris, Dr. A.C. Caraway, Dr. C.A. Sheely, Dr. D.J. Williams, Dr. E.C. Parker, and Dr. H.H. West of Gulfport; Dr. W.A. Dearman and Dr. D.G. Mohler of Long Beach; Dr. B.Z. Welch of Woolmarket; Dr. G.A. McHenry of McHenry; and Dr. J.P. Berry of Jackson.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 8, 1913, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">1<sup>st</sup>&nbsp;National Bank of Biloxi</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Dr. H.M. Folkes resigned as president of the 1<sup>st</sup>&nbsp;National Bank of Biloxi in December 1916.&nbsp; He had sold all of his interest in the bank.&nbsp; Edward C. Tonsmeire was elected president by the bank’s board and would also continue as cashier.<em>(The Daily Herald, December 14, 1916, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Hotel Biloxi</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;to H.M. Folkes for $15,000 in September 1919.&nbsp; Dr. Folkes then almost immediately he sold to J.S. Love, State Bank Examiner for the State of Mississippi for $250 and assumption of trust deed.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 124, p. 414 and Bk. 415)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Hotel Biloxi sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">H.M. Folkes, president and Teresa L. Folkes, secretary respectively conveyed the Hotel Biloxi to W.B. Patterson of Mobile, Alabama in February 1923.&nbsp; The sale included all furniture, fixtures, appliances, buildings, capital stock of the Hotel Biloxi, and the artesian well rights deeded to Dr. Folkes.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 137, p. 256)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>New ownership</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In April 1925, W.B. Patterson agreed to a lease purchase on the Hotel Biloxi with J.P. Edwards of Ocean Springs and Lee M. Russell (1876-1930+) of Gulfport and later Biloxi.&nbsp; The grantees agreed to pay Mr. Patterson $79,300 for the hotel and assume a $20,700 mortgage with the International Life Insurance Company.&nbsp; In addition they would be responsible for taxes and fire and tornado insurance on the property in the amount of $100,000.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 162, p. 375)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Harry W. Fitzpatrick and Phillip W. Levine</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September 1925, Monsieur’s Edwards and Russell assigned their hotel lease and obligations to Harry W. Fitzpatrick (1876-1926) of New Orleans and Phillip W. Levine (1890-1940) of Biloxi.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 162, p. 379)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harry W. Fitzpatrick was born at NOLA of an Irish immigrant father and Alabama mother.&nbsp; He improved his lot in life from driving a truck for a packing house to a dynamic force in real estate from New Orleans to Mobile.&nbsp; Mr. Fitzpatrick opened an office in Biloxi in the winter of 1924.&nbsp; He maintained his main real estate office on Royal Street in NOLA.&nbsp; Another talent of Mr. Fitzpatrick was the public auctioning of land and homes.<em>(The Daily Herald, December 5, 1924, p. 6)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;Catherine Newman ‘Kate’ Shelly (1859-1930), Mrs. Fitzgerald’s mother, resided at Ocean Springs at No. 30 West Porter with Mary Newman Murphy (1870-1942), her sister.&nbsp; Mrs. Murphy was the spouse of James J. Murphy (1867-1944).<em>(The Jackson County Times, June 22, 1929, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Phillip W. Levine (1889-1940) came to the United States from East Prussia, now a part of Russia, arriving at NYC in June 1900 from Hamburg, Germany.&nbsp; He married Jeanette Alexander (1892-1940+) at NOLA in August 1912.&nbsp; They came to Biloxi before 1917 and reared their five children here.&nbsp; Before his involvement in the Hotel Biloxi, Mr. Levine owned retail shoe stores at Biloxi and Gulfport..<em>(The Daily Herald, February 16, 1940, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In July 1926, Fitzpatrick and Levine dealt their assignment of the Hotel Biloxi to Harold R. Bechtel and George M. Bechtel of Davenport, Iowa.&nbsp; The consideration was $126,500 and all of the obligations that were attached to the original agreement between Patterson and the Edwards-Russell grant of April 1925.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 162, p. 375)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Bechtel and Bechtel and New Biloxi Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">George Martin Bechtel (1868-1952) and Harold Reimers Bechtel (1894-1987) were domiciled at Davenport, Scott County, Iowa.&nbsp; They were father and son and respectively president and vice-president of the George M. Bechtel Company whose salient business was brokering bonds from their Davenport, Iowa office. &nbsp;In September 1926, the Chancery Court of Harrison County, Mississippi was confirmed to W.B. Patterson by adverse possession. &nbsp;In December 1927, the Bechtels paid W.B. Patterson $18,350 and together the three gentlemen sold the resort to the Hotel Biloxi Company Inc.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 173, p. 84)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>George D. Stannus</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Under the Bechtel leadership, new capital was invested in the old Folkes resort property and The New Biloxi Hotel, a fireproof Southern Colonial style edifice, was built in 1927.&nbsp; The Federal Engineering Company of Davenport, Iowa was given charge of the building project and George D. Stannus (1880-1930+), manager of the old Hotel Biloxi who had taken this position in 1923, continued as local hotel manager.&nbsp; Mr. Stannus was a native of Uniontown, Kentucky.&nbsp; He had married Bernice Dickie (1881-1930+) of Citronelle, Alabama in 1908 and they had one son, George R. Stannus (1909-1998), who would later become his father’s assistant in managing the New Hotel Biloxi.<em>(The Daily Herald, April 12, 1927, p. 2 and</em>&nbsp;<u>The Daily Herald Golden Jubilee Issue</u>, 1934, p. 16)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Construction-May 1927</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In early May 1927, before construction of the $600,000 New Biloxi Hotel commenced, the Collins Brothers Contracting Company of Biloxi demolished the wood frame building and pavilion in front of the structure.&nbsp; The east wing of the Hotel Biloxi was moved to the rear and served as living quarters for the Stannus family and other hotel personnel until the New Biloxi Hotel was completed about December 1<sup>st</sup>.&nbsp; This wooden building would later serve as the servants quarters for the new hotel.&nbsp;<em>(The Daily Herald, May 2, 1927, p. 2, May 5, 1927, p. 2, and December 1, 1927, p. 1)</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Collins Brothers and other contractors</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On May 11, 1927, the Collins Brothers were awarded the $285,000 contract for building the four-story, 118-room, New Biloxi Hotel.&nbsp; It was designed by Ira H. Coyne (1892-1976) of the Federal Engineering Company of Davenport, Iowa.&nbsp; William J. Collins (1886-1962) and George J. Collins (1891-1968) had built their first Biloxi building in 1912.&nbsp; Since that time, they had erected commercial structures for: Catholic Church at Gulfport; Back Bay School [Gorenflo]; Edwards-Butler Motor Company; Daily Herald Building; Caldwell Building; Yerger Building; C.W. Wachenfeld Apartments; August Wachenfeld Apartments; Bay View Hotel; and remodeled the Peoples’ Bank.&nbsp; The Collins Brothers had learned the building trades from John Collins (1854-1929), their father.&nbsp; Joseph O. Collins (b. 1922), son of William J. Collins, continued in the contracting business at Biloxi until the present day.<em>(The Daily Herald, May 11, 1927, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi Plumbing and Heating Company headed by Henry L. Schwan (1889-1956) and Grover W. Graham (1893-1964) received the $46,300 contract for plumbing and heating the building while the electrical work to cost about $10,000 was given to the J.M. Johnson &amp; Company of Dallas, Texas.<em>(The Daily Herald, May 11, 1927, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By December 1927, the New Biloxi Hotel was in the finishing phase of its construction.&nbsp; The furniture, fixtures, carpets and ancillary equipment had arrived.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>COMMENTS ON THE BILOXI HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">by</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Julius M. ‘Jay’ Lopez II (1908-1990)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">This is interesting the story on the Biloxi Hotel.&nbsp; The ‘old’ Biloxi Hotel, you wouldn’t know about, but this is a picture of it here.&nbsp; This was built in either 1903 or 1904 somewhere in there.&nbsp; It was after Laz Lopez’s death [September 25, 1903].&nbsp; It was built as a sanatorium.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Interviewer</strong>-<strong><em>Was that the same Biloxi Hotel whose skeleton is still standing</em>?</strong>&nbsp; No it’s the same site.&nbsp; This was built a year or so after [Laz] Lopez’s death.&nbsp; It was built by Hyman Folkes (18-19).&nbsp; Hyman Folkes was Lopez’s son-in-law.&nbsp; He married Teresa Lopez (18-19).&nbsp; He was an M.D.&nbsp; He built this as the Biloxi Sanatorium as a memorial to Laz Lopez.&nbsp; The for some reason in about 1908 or 1909, it became a</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Depression and bankruptcy</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1936, The Hotel Biloxi was insolvent and filed proceedings to reorganize the company under Section 77-B of the Bankruptcy Act.&nbsp; This device had been enacted into law in 1934, as an amendment to Roosevelt’s Bankruptcy Act of 1933 and allowed the Biloxi Hotel to be discharged from its debts and liabilities particularly the First Trust &amp; Savings Bank of Davenport, Iowa.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 209, p. 164)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1949 Hotel Biloxi sale and reincorporation</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September 1949, Harold R. Bechtel (1894-1987), president, and Frank Johnson, secretary, domiciled at Scott County, Iowa sold the Hotel Biloxi Company, Inc. to Jane Long of Chicago.&nbsp; The sales price was $290,000.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 314, p. 268)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Hotel Biloxi was reincorporated in July 1949 by Thomas F. Seay (1903-1994), vice-president, and Jane Long, secretary, of Chicago, Illinois.&nbsp; When its charter was amended in 1951, Seba F. Mahony (1882-1966), had replaced Jane Long as secretary of the organization.&nbsp; These individuals were all domiciled at Chicago and were experienced in banking and real estate brokering and sales in the Windy City.(The Daily Herald, November 9, 1949, p. 9 and&nbsp;Harrison Co., Mississippi Chattel Deed Bk. 116, p. 495 and Bk. 132, p. 495)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1953 Reorganization</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1953, the Hotel Biloxi became insolvent and the company was dissolved and its charter surrendered.&nbsp; Officers at this time were Thomas F. Seay, president; Thomas Burns, executive vice president; and Seba F. Mahony, secretary-treasurer.&nbsp; Alfonse G. Mahony (1879-1953+), the brother of Seba F. Mahony and a single man of Chicago, became owner and assumed all debt and liens.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 368, p. 210)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1953, Alfonse G. Mahony conveyed the Hotel Biloxi to G.E. Weaver, trustee and assistant secretary of Banker’s Life and Casualty.&nbsp; Banker’s Life and Casualty sold the hotel to MacArthur Hotels, Inc. in September 1956.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 415, p. 363)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>The Biloxi MacArthur Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In the spring of 1958, the Biloxi Hotel now owned by the MacArthur Hotels group headed by Charles H. Little and W.J. Canfield, performed a $50,000 refurbishment of the old Southern Colonial, style hostel.&nbsp; The lobby, corridors and one hundred-eighteen rooms were redecorated and finished in a relaxing combination of light blue and gray colors.&nbsp; The rear of the hotel had a garden with fountain, tennis and badminton courts, playground for children, and two large BBQ pits.&nbsp; The front lawn was graced with a swimming pool and across US Highway 90, a 750-foot pier gave guest access to fishing and swimming.(Down South, Vol. 8, No. 3, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>New Biloxi Hotel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Great Plains Hotels, Incorporated, a subsidiary of Bankers Life and Casualty Company of Chicago has taken over the operation of the New Biloxi Hotel. &nbsp;The hotel operated as a retirement home under the Lavin Plan for the past two years. &nbsp;Although it was not operated under that plan in the future, the hostelry still welcomed retirees. &nbsp;Eunice Cown, who was hired as manager in September 1962 continued to run the hotel. &nbsp;Improvement were planned for the hotel.(The Daily Herald, January 30, 1963, p. 10)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“To open resort Hotel”, May 24, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“To convert Hotel into Sanitarium”, September 7, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Biloxi News of Personal Interest”, January 14, 1910.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Will be known as Hotel Biloxi”, February 20, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Hotel Biloxi changes hands”, September 19, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Biloxi News Paragraphs”, October 31, 1922.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Bids soon for new hotel”, April 12, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Razing old Biloxi Hotel”, May 2, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Biloxi Hotel being moved”, May 5, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Another handsome new hotel for Biloxi”, May 7, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Contract is let for new $650,000 Biloxi Hotel”, May 11, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“To complete Hotel Biloxi about Dec. 1”, October 11, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“New Biloxi Hotel to open for business December 15”, December 1, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Hotel Biloxi [advertisement]”, April 3, 1948.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em></span></span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">“The Charter of Incorporation of Hotel Biloxi, Inc.”, November 9, 1949.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“New Operation at Hotel Biloxi”, January 30, 1963.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Mrs. George Stannus”, April 21, 1966.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em>“Biloxi Sanatorium put Coast on the map”, June 9?, 1995.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BROADWATER BEACH HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1964</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Mrs. Joe W. Brown, nee Dorothy Dorsett&nbsp;</strong>(1896-1989)<strong>, had her new $100,000, 56-foot long, luxury yacht brought down the Mississippi River to her new $3.5 million Broadwater Marina in late August</strong>. &nbsp;The vessel was built by Roamer Yachts of the Chris-Craft Corporation at Holland, Michigan.(The Daily Herald, August 25, 1964, p. 21)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The&nbsp;<strong>first legal liquor shipment in Mississippi from State warehouses controlled by the Alcohol Beverage Control Division occurred on July 21st. &nbsp;The Broadwater Beach Hotel</strong>&nbsp;at Biloxi was the first venue to be approved to sell spiritous beverages in Mississippi in 58 years.(The Daily Herald, July 22, 1966, p. 1)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Brown%2C Joe W_0.jpg\" style=\"height:141px; width:118px\" /><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Brown%2C Joe W.-Mausoleum.jpg\" style=\"height:250px; width:188px\" /><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Brown%2C Dorothy D. (1896-1989)_0.jpg\" style=\"height:182px; width:182px\" /></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>The Browns-</strong><strong>Joe W. Brown</strong>&nbsp;(1897-1959) and&nbsp;<strong>Dorothy Dorsett Brown</strong>&nbsp;(1896-1989) and mausoleum room in NOLA at Lake Lawn Park Mausoleum-[image made January 2014 by Ray L. Bellande]</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Mrs. Joe W. (Dorothy Dorsett) Brown</strong>, whose horses won the Louisiana Derby and New Orleans Handicap six times each, died Saturday, October 14, 1989, of a heart attack at her home in New Orleans. She was 93 years of age and the widow of Joe W. Brown (1897-1959), wealthy oil and sportsman.&nbsp; Mrs. Brown was born March 31, 1896 at Texas City, Galveston County, Texas.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mrs. Brown was a prominent horse owner for more than 40 years. She took over the reins of the family stable when her husband died in 1959. &nbsp;The Browns won the Louisiana Derby with Rookwood in 1949, Matagorda in 1953 and Gigantic in 1954. She won it with Dapper Delegate in 1965, Kentucky Sherry in 1968 and El Baba in 1982. Green Hornet, Kentucky Sherry, List and El Baba carried the Brown family colors - white with black stars and a black \"B\" - in the Kentucky Derby. New Orleans Handicap winners from the Brown stable were Red Camilia in 1950, Tenacious in 1958-59, Green Hornet in 1964, Cabildo in 1967 and Listcapade in 1983.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">\"Between her and her husband, they were some of the biggest sports people to hit New Orleans,\" said Fair Grounds General Manager Mervin Muniz. \"Tenacious was probably the most popular horse to race at the Fair Grounds that I can remember. When you think of the Browns, they were the epitome of New Orleans racing and Louisiana racing.\" Tenacious is buried in the Fair Grounds infield.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mrs. Brown also was a philanthropist. The Joe W. Brown Recreation Center in eastern New Orleans, which was dedicated in 1976, benefited from a $250,000 donation from the Joe W. Brown and Dorothy B. Brown Foundation. The foundation also donated 163 acres of property worth an estimated $1 million for Joe W. Brown Memorial Park, named for her husband.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mrs. Brown owned the Broadwater Beach Hotel and Broadwater Beach Marina on the Mississippi Gulf Coast. She was former owner of the Horseshoe Club in Las Vegas, Neveda, the real estate that is now Lake Forest shopping center and the Valentine oil field in Lafourche Parish, Louisiana.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Funeral services will be held at 1:15 p.m. Tuesday at Lake Lawn Metairie Funeral Home, 5100 Pontchartrain Blvd. Burial will be at Lake Lawn Park Mausoleum.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Joe Worlick Brown</strong> (1897-1959) was born October 5, 1897 at Young County, Texas, which is about 70 miles NW of Fort Worth. Many thought that he was a native of Houston as he became a very successful oilman with his penchant for discovering new oil deposits.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1940, Mr. Brown, then a resident of New Orleans, entered the oil business as an operator in the shallow Caddo Field, Caddo Parish, Louisiana near Shreveport, Louisiana. By 1942, he was assembling an 8000-acre lease block in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana with J.T. Reese of Shreveport. They sold an interest in this lease block to Pure Oil Company which began geophysical surveys to determine the oil and gas potential of the area before staking and drilling a wildcat well.(The Times-Picayune, May 15, 1942, p. 7)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Joe W. Brown\'s crown jewel of his petroleum business was the Valentine Oil Field in LaFourche Parish, Louisiana where he began exploring for hydrocarbon bearing sands in 1945 on his Harang and Dousson leases. At the time of his demise, Brown\'s oil and gas reserves were valued at $75 million.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Joe W. Brown may have grown up in Marshall, Texas with Carrie S. Brown, his widowed mother, and Eugene Brown, a brother. By 1920, he was married to Dorothy Dorsett (1896-1989) and a resident of Dallas, Texas. Here Mr. Brown was a salesman for a light plant.(1910 Harrison Co., Texas Federal Census T624_1562, p. 5B, ED 49 and 1920 Dallas Co., Texas Federal Census T625_1792, p. 3B, ED 34)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1930, Joe W. Brown and Dorothy Dorsett Brown were resident renters of 126 University Place at New Orleans. At this time, it appears that Mr. Brown was involved in the amusement industry.(1930 Orleans Parish, Lousiana Federal Census R802, p. 9A, ED 46)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">At Las Vegas, Nevada, Joe W. Brown owned the Horseshoe Club, which he sold in July 1959. Here he displayed one million dollars in $10,000 bills. Insurance on the ostentatious display, a noted tourist attraction, cost $50,000 each year.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Las Vegas benefited from Brown\'s charitable nature. Soon after he had become an investor there in 1955, he acquired the defunct and failed, Las Vegas Race Track for $1 million dollars. Brown gave it to the City of Las Vegas which developed it into a venue for community fairs, livestock shows and other civic functions.(The Daily Herald, October 16, 1959, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In the Crescent City, which he and Dorothy called home, Joe W. Brown also was heavily invested in real estate. In 1954,he acquired a 5200-acre tract for more than $3 million dollars. This was believe to be the largest real estate acquisition in the City of New Orleans\' corporate limits. Brown also owned the Jai Alai Club, a casino located in St. Bernard Parish. The Federal governmnt closed this gambling den in 1952.(The Daily Herald, October 16, 1959, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Joe W. Brown and Dorothy also maintained homes in other parts of the country as they also had extensive real estate holdings in Nevada, Montana and Texas. They also owned the Broadwater Beach Hotel near Biloxi, Mississippi.(The Daily Herald, October 16, 1959, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In addition to real estate, the Browns were breeders and racers of thoroughbred horses. The Texas sportsman had a horse breeding ranch at Lexington, Kentucky and in New Orleans, he bred Santa Gertrudis cattle, which were developed at the King Ranch in Kleberg County, Texas. One of Brown\'s horses, Tenacious, set a record winning the $12,275 LeComte Handicap at the New Orleans Fair Grounds just before his death. His other racing ponies included: Bobby Brocato, Matagorda, Gigantic and Brownie.(The Daily Herald, October 16, 1959, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Dorothy Dorsett Brown lived until February 15, 1989. She also died at New Orleans. Both their corporal remains were interred in the Lakelawn Park Cemetery at New Orleans.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In January 1959, before his death, Joe W. Brown and Dorothy Dorsett Brown created the BROWN FOUNDATION at New Orleans. It was originally located at 1801 Pere Marquette Building in New Orleans.(The Times-Picayune, January 4, 1959, Sec. V, p. 16)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald [Biloxi], \'Sportsman Joe W. Brown is taken by death\', February 16, 1959, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Morning Advocate [Baton Rouge], \'\"Million Dollar\" Joe brown dead\', February 16,1959, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Morning Advocate, (Baton Rouge, LA), \'Dorothy Brown: Prominent La. horse owner Brown dies\', October 16, 1989, p. 7-C.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The States Times Advocate [Baton Rouge], \'Rites set today for Joe Brown, wealthy oilman\", February 16, 1959, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Times-Picayune, \'[Oil] Test slated near Covington\', May 5, 1942, p. 37.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Times-Picayune, \'Charters\', January 4, 1959, Sec. V, p. 16.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Times-Picayune, \'Rites arranged for sportsman\', February 16, 1959, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Times-Picayune, (New Orleans, LA), \'Mrs. Joe W. (Dorothy) Brown\', October 16, 1989.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BROADWATER BEACH HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Peter F. Martin dies at home on West Beach today\", July 25, 1951, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Work started on swimming pool at Broadwater\", June 21, 1952, p. 3.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Bank enters into gaming ban picture\", February 19, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Luxury yacht at Broadwater\', August 25, 1964, p. 21.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Morning Advocate [Baton Rouge], \'\"Million Dollar\" Joe Brown dead\', February 16,1959, p. 1.<br />\r\n<br />\r\nThe Morning Advocate, (Baton Rouge, LA), \'Dorothy Brown: Prominent La. horse owner Brown dies\', October 16, 1989, p. 7-C.&nbsp;<br />\r\n<br />\r\nThe States Times Advocate [Baton Rouge], \'Rites set today for Joe Brown, wealthy oilman\", February 16, 1959, p. 1.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, <strong>\"Liquor permit is approved for </strong>[Broadwater Beach] <strong>Hotel\"</strong>, July 22, 1966, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Filmaker considers Broadwater purchase\", May 1, 1987.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Colorful memories of the Broadwater\", September 30, 2012, p. C5.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Times-Picayune, \'Charters\', January 4, 1959, Sec. V, p. 16.<br />\r\n<br />\r\nThe Times-Picayune, \'Rites arranged for sportsman\', February 16, 1959, p. 1.<br />\r\n<br />\r\nThe Times-Picayune, (New Orleans, LA), \'Mrs. Joe W. (Dorothy) Brown\', October 16, 1989.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">__________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BUENA VISTA</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1923</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September, contract for erection of the&nbsp;<strong>Buena Vista Hotel was awarded to the Underwood Construction Company of NOLA</strong>. &nbsp;The modern, 105-room, Spanish Colonial Revival building was designed by Carl Matthes for the Buena Vista Hotel Company of&nbsp;<strong>John W. Apperson</strong>, pres.;&nbsp;<strong>Milton J. Anderson</strong>&nbsp;of Memphis, v. pres.; and&nbsp;<strong>Robert Hays Holmes&nbsp;</strong>(1896-1949), sec.-treas.(The Daily Herald, September 7, 1923, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1925</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1940</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May, <strong>six guest houses with accomodations for 32 people</strong> were &nbsp;opened at the <strong>Buena Vista Hotel.</strong>(The Daily Herald, May 13, 1940, p. 3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1966</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Buena Vista Hotel</strong>&nbsp;[west wing] burns in 1966.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1991</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"http://biloxihistoricalsociety.org/sites/default/files/u4/Buena%20Vista%20fire-June%201991.jpg\" style=\"height:147px; width:250px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1991</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On June 25th, the&nbsp;<strong>Buena Vista Hotel was severely damaged by fire</strong>&nbsp;and Steve Moore, Biloxi Fire Chief, estimated that the fire resulted resulted in damages of \"hundreds of thousands of dollars&nbsp;<strong>and a total loss.</strong>\"(The Sun Herald, June 26, 1991, p. A-1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1993</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The <strong>Biloxi Belle Casino planned to build 800 parking spaces on the 5.5 acre site of the former Buena Vista Hotel</strong>.(The Sun Herald, October 27, 1993, p. D-5)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Down South, \'Buena Vista opens new $1 million motel\' , May-June 1958.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'New Orleans firm gets Biloxi Hotel contract\', September 7, 1923.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'Guest houses open at Buena Vista Hotel\', May 13, 1940.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'[J.S. Love Jr.] new manager Buena Vista Hotel\', September 3, 1941.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'Improvements for Buena Vista Deck\', September 4, 1945.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'Buffet supper and dance honor Oklahoma players\', January 1, 1951</span></span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'$370,300 permit for Buena Vista Motel is issued\', November 9, 1956.</span></span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'Hotel property sale scheduled\', February 2, 1974.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \'Last days of the Buena Vista\', October 27, 1993.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BROADWATER BEACH HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1964</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Mrs. Joe W. Brown, nee Dorothy Dorsett&nbsp;</strong>(1896-1989)<strong>, had her new $100,000, 56-foot long, luxury yacht brought down the Mississippi River to her new $3.5 million Broadwater Marina in late August</strong>. &nbsp;The vessel was built by Roamer Yachts of the Chris-Craft Corporation at Holland, Michigan.(The Daily Herald, August 25, 1964, p. 21)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>The Browns</strong></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Joe W. Brown</strong> (1897-1959) and <strong>Dorothy Dorsett Brown</strong> (1896-1989)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Peter F. Martin dies at home on West Beach today\", July 25, 1951, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Work started on swimming pool at Broadwater\", June 21, 1952, p. 3.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Bank enters into gaming ban picture\", February 19, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \"Luxury yacht at Broadwater\', August 25, 1964, p. 21.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Morning Advocate [Baton Rouge], \'\"Million Dollar\" Joe brown dead\', February 16,1959, p. 1.<br />\r\n<br />\r\nThe Morning Advocate, (Baton Rouge, LA), \'Dorothy Brown: Prominent La. horse owner Brown dies\', October 16, 1989, p. 7-C.&nbsp;<br />\r\n<br />\r\nThe States Times Advocate [Baton Rouge], \'Rites set today for Joe Brown, wealthy oilman\", February 16, 1959, p. 1.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Filmaker considers Broadwater purchase\", May 1, 1987.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, \"Colorful memories of the Broadwater\", September 30, 2012, p. C5.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Times-Picayune, \'Charters\', January 4, 1959, Sec. V, p. 16.<br />\r\n<br />\r\nThe Times-Picayune, \'Rites arranged for sportsman\', February 16, 1959, p. 1.<br />\r\n<br />\r\nThe Times-Picayune, (New Orleans, LA), \'Mrs. Joe W. (Dorothy) Brown\', October 16, 1989.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>_________________________________________________________________________________&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>EDGEWATER GULF HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em><em>The Daily Herald, </em></em><strong>\"Edgewater to open for winter Dec. 12; Renovating hotel</strong>\", October 31, 1936, p. 6.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>\"Edgewater, Markham Hotels $ 1 million Mississippi Coast industry</strong>\",January 27, 1949.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi-D\'Iberville Press, <strong>\'Time Traveler\'-\"The Edgewater Gulf Hotel\"</strong>, May 31, 2013, p.4 and June 6, 2013, p. 4.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;___________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>WHITE HOUSE HOTEL&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/White House Hotel-S. Elev. April 4%2C 2014..jpg\" style=\"height:122px; width:250px\" /><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/White House Hotel-swimming pool-April 4%2C 2014.jpg\" style=\"height:166px; width:250px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>White House Hotel</strong> [south elevations-April 2014]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/WHITE%2C JOHN T. DH%2C NOVEMBER 23%2C 1939.jpg\" style=\"height:150px; width:68px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>John T. White</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">John T. White (b. 1901) was the son of Circuit Judge Walter A. White and Cora White &nbsp;John began as the clerk when at the White House Hotel in 1918 and became its manager in 1931. &nbsp;In November 1939, Mr. White was offered a position with the Hotel Dixie Sherman at Panama City, Florida which was built in 1929. &nbsp;This hotel was one of eight in the chain and had 101 rooms on St. Amdrews Bay. Walter White, his brother, district manager for the Mutual Life Insurance Compnay of New York, became managing director in charge of the White House Hotel operations after John T. White went to Florida. (The Daily Herald, November 23, 1939, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi D\'Iberville Press,&nbsp;<strong>\'Time&nbsp;</strong><strong>Traveler\'-\"The White House\"</strong>, June 13 , 2013, p.4 and June 20, 2013, p. 4.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald,<strong> \'</strong>[John T.] <strong>White to manage Florida Hotel\'</strong>, November 23, 1939.The Daily Herald, \'Hotel property sale scheduled\', February 2, 1974.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Sun Herald, <strong>\'White House Hotel gets a buyer\'</strong>, April 24, 2013, p. A1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">___________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1940-1980</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Jack Tar Trade Winds Hotel and Motel</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[formerly Tivoli Hotel]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>863 East Beach Boulevard</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>SARATOGA COURT-\'FLORENCE-CHARLES MOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>US HIGHWAY 90</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Biloxi-Saratagoa Court-US 90-1948.jpg\" style=\"height:223px; width:350px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>SARATOGA COURT</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Saratoga Court, considered a \'Mom and Pop\' motel, was situated on U.S. Highway 90, also called Beach Boulevard, just east of DeBuys Road. &nbsp;Circa 1946, Harold Maynard Olney (1893-1975), a native of Clinton, Iowa and Florence B. MacMahon Olney (1892-1976), his spouse and son, relocated from Clinton, Iowa to the Mississippi Gulf Coast. &nbsp;They operated the Saratoga Court, which was named for the <strong><em>USS Saratoga</em></strong>, the second aircraft in the U.S. Navy commissioned in November 1927. &nbsp;Charles R. Olney (1920-2005), the Olney\'s son, was wounded while serving on the <strong><em>Saratoga</em></strong> during WWII, probably near Iwo Jima in February 1945, when the ship was hit by Japanese Kamikaze attack planes.(http://world connect.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&amp;db=olney&amp;id=179645)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In the early 1950s, the former Saratoga Inn, was called the Florence-Charles Motel. &nbsp;Mrs. Olney&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harold M. Olney died at Memorial Hospital in Gulfport, Mississippi on July 20, 1975. &nbsp;His corporal remains were sent to Clinton, Iowa for burial in the Rose Hill Cemetery. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>\"Harold Maynard Olney</strong>\", July 21, 1975.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">___________________________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>SUN-N-SAND MOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In late May,</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;The Sun-N-Sand Motel and restaurant were sold by Alexander E. Bailey,&nbsp;</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">builder and native of Pennsylvania,</span></span><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;to R.E. Dumas Milner of Jackson, Mississippi. &nbsp;Milner owned the King Edwards Hotel in Jackson&nbsp;</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">and Beaumont, Texas.[The Daily Herald, May 30, 1959,&nbsp;p. 1]</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br />\r\n<span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n', '', '2');
