
INSERT INTO `node__body` (`bundle`, `deleted`, `entity_id`, `revision_id`, `langcode`, `delta`, `body_value`, `body_summary`, `body_format`) VALUES
('book', 0, 110, 113, 'en', 0, '<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">MARION FAMILY</span></strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">The Marion family of Biloxi, Mississippi had it origin with <strong>John Marion</strong> (1830-1890), a Spanish immigrant and the son of Joseph Marion and Maria Vica, both Spaniards.&nbsp; On November 11, 1871 in Harrison County, Mississippi, John Marion married Amelie or Emelie Fayard Marsan (1829-1915), the daughter of Jacque Fayard and Gertrude Ryan and the widow of Alexis Marsan (1824-1869), a French immigrant, who made his livelihood as a butcher.&nbsp; John Marion made his livelihood as a fisherman and had lived at Biloxi since about 1870.&nbsp; He died at Biloxi in late July 1890.&nbsp; His burial services were under the auspices of Biloxi Volunteer Fire Company No. 1.&nbsp; John was also a member of the Oyster Protective Association.(Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 6, p. 92 and&nbsp; Lepre, Vol. I, 1991, p. 211 and <em>The Biloxi Herald, July 26, 1890, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">John Marion and Emelie Fayard Marion were the parents of at least three children: <strong>Marie Gertrude Marion</strong> (1872-1919); <strong>Eleonie Augustine Marion</strong> (1873-pre 1880); and <strong>John Joseph Marion</strong> (1875-1936+).(Lepre, Vol. I, 1991, pp. 209-210) &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">John and Emelie F. Marion also had an adopted son, <strong>John Goodier</strong> (1855-1912), a native of New Orleans.&nbsp; He married <strong>Josephine Llado</strong> (1864-1911) in September 1887.&nbsp; John expired at 210 Elmer Street at Biloxi on March 11, 1912.&nbsp; Josephine died on January 4, 1911 at 308 Lameuse Street.&nbsp; They left three children: Henry, Elwood and Thelma Goodier.<em>(</em>1880 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census R648, p. 343B, ED 139 and <em>The Daily Herald, January 4, 1911, p. 8 and March 11, 1912, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><strong>MARY G. MARION</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">Mary Gertrude Marion (1872-1919) was born on August 6, 1872.&nbsp; She married Henry Clay Agregaard (1868-1928), the son of John Agregaard and Clementine Fayard (1836-1905), on February 4, 1890.&nbsp; Their children were: Henry Joseph Agregaard (1892-1959); Mary Camille Agregaard (1893-1981) m. Louis C. Holley (1884-1973); and Elbert Anthony Agregaard (1895-pre-1900).(Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 9, p. 29)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">Mary M. Agregaard expired at her home at 446 Magnolia Street on November 9, 1919.&nbsp; Her corporal remains and that of Henry C. Agregaard who passed on March 11, 1928 were interred in the Biloxi City Cemetery.<em>(The Daily Herald, November 10, 1919, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><strong>JOHN J. MARION</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">John Joseph ‘Brother’ Marion (1875-1936+) married Rosa Beneta Catchot (1877-1924), a native of Bay St. Louis, Hancock County, Mississippi, and the daughter of Joseph Catchot (1848-1913), a Spanish immigrant, and Marie Fayard (1850-1929), the daughter of Albert Fayard and Michelle Favre, both natives of Hancock County, Mississippi.( Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB Lepre, Vol. II, 1995, p. 134 and p. 141)&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">J.J. Marion and Rosa B. Catchot were the parents of: <strong>Andrew J. Marion</strong> (1895-1936); Agnes E. Marion (1896-1930+); <strong>Irene M. Marion</strong> (1897-1943); <strong>Edward U. Marion</strong> (1899-1934); <strong>Rose Marion</strong> (1904-1930+); and <strong>Ralph Marion</strong> (1907-1984).&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">Rose C. Marion died at her home at 339 Nixon Street in Biloxi on June 12, 1924.&nbsp; She was survived by Marie Fayard Catchot, her mother; Antony C. Catchot (1875-1933) and Edgar Catchot (1894-1920+), her brothers domiciled at NOLA; and Robert F. Catchot (1889-1941) of Biloxi.<em>(The Daily Herald, June 12, 1924, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">Joseph Catchot, Rosa’s Spanish father, had passed in his sleep on October 15, 1913.&nbsp; He was the cook aboard <strong><em>Sailor’s Joy</em></strong>, a fishing boat, anchored off Shell Beach, St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; Mr. Catchot resided at 321 East Washington Avenue in Biloxi.&nbsp; He was survived by seven children and a brother at Ocean Springs.<em>(The Daily Herald, October 17, 1913, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\"><strong>Andrew J. Marion</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">&nbsp;<strong>Andrew Joseph ‘Son’ Marion</strong> (1895-1936) was born March 15, 1896.&nbsp; He married <strong>Frances Isabell Stafford</strong> (1896-1985), the daughter of Marion Stafford (1871-1943) and Madeline Dean (1877-pre 1910+), on November 29, 1915.&nbsp; The family resided at 209 Maple Street on Point Cadet,&nbsp; Andrew made his livelihood as the manager of a automobile service station, but at the time of his demise he was employed with Kimbrough &amp; Quints drugstore.&nbsp; Frances and Andrew had two sons born at Biloxi before his untimely death on April 1, 1936: <strong>Rayford Marion</strong> (1917-1979); and <strong>Ronald Andrew Marion</strong> (b. 1930) m. Martha Emma Brooks.(Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 27, p. 461 and <em>The Daily Herald, April 2, 1936)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">After the death of his spouse,&nbsp;<strong>Marion Stafford</strong>&nbsp;married&nbsp;<strong>Kate Hammond</strong>&nbsp;(1887-1913) in March 1910.&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>Riley Stafford</strong>&nbsp;(1839-1904), his father and native of Meridian, Mississippi expired at Biloxi on May 21, 1904.&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>Frances Stafford Marion</strong>&nbsp;married&nbsp;<strong>Leo V. Edwards</strong>&nbsp;in June 1947. (Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 21, p. 437&nbsp; MRB 74, p. 557 and&nbsp;<em>The Biloxi Herald, May 21, 1904, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Children</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" height=\"250\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Marion%2C%20Ronald%20Andrew_0.jpg\" width=\"169\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Ronald A. Marion</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Ronald \"Ronnie\" Andrew Marion, Sr. of Ocean Springs, Mississippi died Wednesday, November 16, 2011 in Ocean Springs. Ronnie was born March 9, 1930 in Biloxi and graduated from Biloxi High School in 1949.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">He enrolled in East Mississippi Junior College in the fall of 1949. At EMJC, Ronnie began a life of service that spanned 60 years. He was trainer and manager for the football and basketball teams in 1949 and 1950.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Following EMJC, Ronnie served for four years in the U.S. Air Force. Later he attended the University of Southern Mississippi graduating in 1957. He earned a master\'s degree from Mississippi State in 1967. He was employed for 36 years with the Mississippi Employment Security Commission for Biloxi and Gulfport. He was instrumental in starting the Boys and Girls Club of the Gulf Coast and remained involved with that organization until his death. Ronnie received many service awards over the years. He served in the Biloxi Jaycees and Kiwanis Clubs at the local and state levels and was recognized for his contributions with their highest awards. He served as president of the International Association of Personnel in Employment Security Mississippi Chapter as well as many civic organizations on the Gulf Coast. He was a member of American Legion Post 33 in Biloxi. He was a registered state soccer referee from 1978 to 1991 for recreational and high school players. Ronnie was named Biloxi\'s 1965 Outstanding Young Man of the Year.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Ronnie was inducted into the East Mississippi Community College Sports Hall of Fame in 2007 for football and basketball 1950 - 1951. He was the 2003 recipient of the Boys and Girls Club of the Gulf Coast Shining Star Award for outstanding service and contributions and dedication to the youth of the Mississippi Gulf Coast.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">He is preceded in death by his mother, Frances Stafford Marion Edwards; father, Andrew Joseph Marion; brother, Rayford Joseph Marion; father-in-law, Coyt Brooks; mother-in-law, Moddie Brooks; sister-in-law, Anna Lene Brooks; and brother-in-law, Dale Brooks. Survivors include his wife of 53 years, Martha Brooks Marion; son, Ronald Andrew Marion, Jr., his wife, Melissa and their sons, Andrew Joseph Marion and John-Jason Brooks Marion; daughter, Anna Frances Marion Albritton, her husband, David and their children, Ashley Brooke Albritton and David Wesley Albritton. In lieu of flowers family prefers donations be made to the Boys and Girls Club of Biloxi, 11975 Seaway Rd. Gulfport, MS 39503. Visitation will be held at 11:00 a.m. on Saturday, November 19, 2011 at the Ocean Springs Chapel of Bradford O\'Keefe Funeral Home with a 12:00 noon service. Interment will follow in Crestlawn Memorial Park.(The Sun Herald,&nbsp;November 18, 2011)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><strong>Ronald Andrew Marion&nbsp;</strong>and Martha E. Brooks had a son, <strong>Ronald Andrew Marion</strong> II, who married <strong>Melissa Jaynell Schloegel</strong> on April 29, 1989 at N.B.V.M.(Harrison Co. Mississippi MRB 185, p. 102)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">After the death of his spouse, <strong>Marion Stafford</strong> married <strong>Kate Hammond</strong> (1887-1913) in March 1910.&nbsp; <strong>Riley Stafford</strong> (1839-1904), his father and native of Meridian, Mississippi expired at Biloxi on May 21, 1904.&nbsp; <strong>Frances Stafford Marion</strong> married <strong>Leo V. Edwards</strong> in June 1947. (Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 21, p. 437&nbsp; MRB 74, p. 557 and <em>The Biloxi Herald, May 21, 1904, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\"><strong>Agnes E. Marion</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">&nbsp;<strong>Agnes Emma Marion</strong> was born May 31, 1896.&nbsp; She married <strong>Walter E. Entrekin</strong> (1897-1930+), native of Alabama, on July 2, 1916.&nbsp; In 1920 at Biloxi, they lived on Copp Street and Walter worked at a shipyard as a riveter.&nbsp; Circa 1926, the family relocated to Mobile, Alabama where Walter was employed as an engineer for a railroad.&nbsp; They were the parents of: <strong>Juliette E. Entrekin</strong> (1916-2006) m. Lt. j.g. William J. Dohm and William C. Rampenthal; <strong>Marian C. Entrekin</strong> (1919-1930+); <strong>Mildred E. Entrekin</strong> (1920-1930+); and <strong>Walter E. Entrekin II</strong> (1925-2005), a Birmingham, Alabama architect, m. Daphine Warhurst.&nbsp; The corporal remains of this family appear to have been interred at the Mobile Memorial Gardens, Mobile, Alabama. Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 29, p. 68)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\"><strong>Irene M. Marion</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><strong>Irene Mary Marion </strong>(1897-1943) was born on December 30, 1897.&nbsp; She married <strong>George J. Collins</strong> (1891-1968), native of NOLA and Biloxi building contractor, on April 12, 1914.&nbsp; They lived on Benachi Avenue and reared two children: <strong>George J. Collins II</strong> and <strong>Irene M. Collins</strong> m. Walker F. Tucei (1918-2000).&nbsp; Irene M. Collins expired on December 22, 1943.(Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 25, p. 585 and <em>The Daily Herald, December 22, 1943, p. 5</em>)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\"><strong>Edward U. Marion</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><strong>Edward Ulysses ‘Billie and Buddy’ Marion</strong> (1899-1934) was born October 6, 1899.&nbsp; He married <strong>Harriet Oleva Baker </strong>(1902-1936+), the daughter of Joseph Baker (1865-1956) and Margaret Wilson (1862-1920), on August 6, 1918.&nbsp; Edward made his livelihood as bakery truck driver.&nbsp; He had worked for the Biloxi Bakery, L&amp;N and Electric Bakeries.&nbsp; Since 1927, Buddy Marion had been employed with the Ellzey Bakery.&nbsp; The family was domiciled on East Howard Avenue where they reared Mercedes Marion (1920-1930+), a daughter, who was born on March 27, 1920.&nbsp; Edward expired at the Biloxi Hospital on September 8, 1934, after an attack of appendicitis.&nbsp; Harriet Baker Marion married James H. Ford June 28, 1936.(Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 30, p. 282 and MRB &nbsp;47, p. 109 and <em>The Daily Herald, September 8, 1934, p. 10)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\"><strong>Rosa Marion</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">&nbsp;<strong>Rosa Marion</strong> was born in 1904.&nbsp; She married <strong>George Ladnier</strong> (1903-1971) in Harrison County, Mississippi on May 19, 1923.&nbsp; By 1930, they had relocated to Herron Bay, Mobile County, Alabama where George was an oyster fisherman.&nbsp; At this time, they were the parents of: <strong>Joseph L. Ladnier</strong> (1926-1988); <strong>Rosemary Ladnier</strong> (1927-1930+); and <strong>Irene Ladnier</strong> (1928-1930+).&nbsp; It appears that this family remained in the Bayou La Batre area of Mobile County, Alabama.( Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 35, p. 110)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\"><strong>Ralph Marion</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><strong>Ralph Marion</strong> (1907-1984) was born December 15, 1907.&nbsp; He married <strong>Ophelia Sperivich</strong> (1906-1981) on November 21, 1926.&nbsp; In 1930, Ralph and Ophelia Marion lived on Washington Street at Biloxi.&nbsp; He was employed by a paving company as a brick mason.&nbsp; Ralph died at Biloxi, Mississippi in December 1984.&nbsp; Ophelia preceded him in death expiring in June 1981. &nbsp;Their corporal remains were interred in the Biloxi Cemetery [perpetual care section].(<em>The Daily Herald, December 19, 1907, p. 2 and November 24, 1926, p. 1 and </em>Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 38, p. 535)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\">Jerome Lepre, <strong><u>Catholic Church Records Diocese of Biloxi, Mississippi</u></strong>, Volume I, (Catholic Dioceses of Biloxi: Biloxi, Mississippi-1991).</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\">Jerome Lepre, <strong><u>Catholic Church Records Diocese of Biloxi, Mississippi</u></strong>, Volume III, (Catholic Dioceses of Biloxi: Biloxi, Mississippi-1995).</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><strong><em>Journals</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, July 26, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Necrological-Riley Stafford”</strong>, May 21, 1904.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,</em><strong>“City News </strong>[birth of Ralph Marion]<strong>”</strong>, December 19, 1907.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Necrology-Mrs. Josephine Goodier”</strong>, January 4, 1911.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Old Biloxian </strong>[John Goodier] <strong>died early today”</strong>, March 11, 1913.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Slept all night by dead boatman </strong>[Joseph Catchot] <strong>died last night”</strong>, October 17, 1913.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Collins-Marion”</strong>, April 12, 1914, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Aged Biloxian </strong>[Emily Marion] <strong>died last night”</strong>, December 28, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Marion-Entrekin”, </strong>July 3, 1916, p. 3.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Marion-Thorn”</strong>, July 11, 1916, p. 4.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Marion-Baker”</strong>, August 6, 1918, p. 3.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Aggregaard </strong>[sic] <strong>dead”</strong>, November 10, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Ladnier-Marion”</strong>, May 22, 1923, p. 3.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Marion </strong>[Rosa Catchot Marion] <strong>died this morning”</strong>, June 12, 1924.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Marion-Speririch”</strong>, November 24, 1926, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Betty Marion”</strong>, January 17, 1931, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Edward Marion dies”</strong>, September 8, 1934, p. 10.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“A.J. Marion dies”</strong>, April 2, 1936.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Mrs. George Collins Sr. dies at home today”</strong>, December 22, 1943.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald</em>, <strong>‘Ronald Marion Sr.’</strong>, November 18, 2011.</span></p>\r\n', '', '2');
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('book', 0, 112, 115, 'en', 0, '<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;<span style=\"font-size:18px\">DALGO</span> [HIDALGO] <span style=\"font-size:18px\">FAMILY</span></strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The progenitor of the Dalgo Family, formerly Hidalgo, of the Mississippi Gulf Coast was&nbsp;<strong>Antoine Hidalgo </strong>(b. 1866)<strong>, </strong>called Anthony, the son of&nbsp;<strong>Felix Hidalgo </strong>(1837-1922)&nbsp;<strong>and Emelie Marie Domingue </strong>(1846-1910+), the daughter of Manuel Domingue (b. 1808) and Armaline ? Domingue (b. 1820).&nbsp; Felix and Emelie married March 10, 1864 in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; Felix and Emelsie were the parents of seven children: Anthony Hidalgo (1866-1903+) ; Luc Hidalgo (1868-1930+); Neome Hidalgo; W. Saul Hidalgo (1877-1900+); Emanuel Hidalgo (1879-1880+); Mozard Hidalgo (1884-1910+).&nbsp; By 1900 six Hidalgo children were living and by 1910 only four of them were alive.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">It appears that when the Anthony Hidalgo family migrated from Southwest Louisiana to the Mississippi Gulf Coast circa 1910.&nbsp; In Mississippi, the family changed their name to ‘Dalgo’ from Hidalgo.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ANTHONY HIDALGO&nbsp;</strong>[DALGO]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Anthony Dalgo&nbsp;</strong>(1866-1903+) was born about September 17, 1866, probably near Youngsville, Lafayette Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; He was baptized in the Lafayette, Louisiana Roman Catholic Church on February 2, 1867. (Hebert, 1977, p. 251)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Anthony Hidalgo married <strong>Editha Comeaux</strong> on October 20, 1890 in&nbsp;Lafayette Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; A few days later their marriage was solemnized in the Roman Catholic Church at Youngsville, Lafayette, Parish, Louisiana. (Hebert, Vol. 21, 1980, p. 208)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">A son, <strong>Laurent Hidalgo</strong> (1893-1937), later called Lawrence Dalgo, was born at Youngsville, Lafayette Parish, Louisiana on June 5, 1893.(Hebert, Vol. 24, 1980, p.&nbsp;&nbsp; )</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>LAWRENCE DALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Circa 1915, in Jackson County, Mississippi, Lawrence Dalgo married <strong>Ethel Tillman </strong>(1896-1978), the daughter of Gideon N. Tillman (1872-1925) and Laura Toche (1882-1940).&nbsp; Initially at Ocean Springs, Lawrence Dalgo made his livelihood in the employ of Anna Louise Benjamin (1848-1938), a wealthy widow from Milwaukee, Wisconsin.&nbsp; Mrs. Benjamin owned Shore Acres, a large estate situated on the Fort Point Peninsula at Ocean Springs, Mississippi.(WWI Draft Registration Card-Jackson Co., Mississippi)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By 1920, Lawrence Dalgo had found employment as a laborer in a shipyard, probably at Pascagoula, Mississippi.&nbsp; At this time they had two children: <strong>Merlin Beverly Dalgo</strong> (1916- 2003) married Sarah Fuller (1917-1990) and <strong>Beryl Dalgo Woodruff </strong>(1919-2010) married Hubert C. Woodruff (1921-1995).(1920 Jackson Co., Mississippi Federal Census T625_879, p. 14B, ED 66)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>MERLIN BEVERLY DALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Merlin Beverly Dalgo</strong> (1916-2003), called Beverly, was born on December 29,&nbsp;1916 at Ocean Springs, Mississippi.&nbsp; He married <strong>Sarah Fuller</strong> (1917-1990), who was born October 31, 1917 at Gautier, Mississippi, the daughter of Fuller and&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .&nbsp; They were the parents of Linda Dalgo Bradford and Lawrence Fuller Dalgo. &nbsp;Sarah F. Dalgo expired at Mobile, Alabama in October 1990.&nbsp; M. Beverly Dalgo died at Gulfport, Mississippi on December 3, 2003. &nbsp;There corporal remains are interred in the Gautier Cemetery at Gautier, Jackson County, Mississippi.<em>(The Sun Herald, December 5, 2003)</em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">After the demise of Lawrence Dalgo, Ethel T. Dalgo married Theodore D. Manuel (1878-1960), a building contractor.&nbsp; Mr. Manuel had lived at New Orleans for many years.&nbsp; They resided at 710 West Porter in Ocean Springs.&nbsp; Mrs. Manuel was the organist at St. Paul\'s Methodist Church for twenty-five years.&nbsp; T. D. Manuel died in October 1960.&nbsp; His corporal remains were interred in the Biloxi City Cemetery.&nbsp; Ethel passed on March 12, 1978.&nbsp; Her remains were buried in the Evergreen Cemetery on Old Fort Bayou.(<em>The Daily Herald, October 4, 1960, p. 2 and &nbsp;March 14, 1978, p. A-2)</em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BERYL DALGO WOODRUFF</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Beryl Dalgo was born December 18, 1919 at Ocean Springs, Mississippi.&nbsp; She married Hubert C. Woodruff (1921-1995) who was born January 10, 1921.&nbsp; H.C. Woodruff expired on September 25, 1995, while Beverly D. Woodruff died on May 28, 2010 at Ocean Springs, Mississippi.&nbsp; Their corporal remains were interred at Southern Memorial Park cemetery at Biloxi, Mississippi. &nbsp;They had no children.&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>CLARICE MARIE LEBLANC</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">There is a high degree of certitude that Editha Comeaux Dalgo expired in childbirth of shortly thereafter as Anthony Hidalgo married Clarice <strong>Marie Leblanc</strong> (1873-1942) on September 2, 1895 at the Lafayette Parish, Louisiana Courthouse.&nbsp; Their marriage was designated Cause No. 5445.(Hebert, Vol.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; , p.&nbsp;&nbsp; )</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The children of <strong>Anthony Hidalgo</strong> and <strong>Clarice Marie Leblanc</strong> were: Leon Dalgo (1896-1953), Felix J. Dalgo (1898-1953); Isaac Dalgo (1900-1967); and Angelo Dalgo (1903-1975).&nbsp; Clarice Marie Leblanc Dalgo expired at Biloxi, Mississippi expired on March 22, 1942.[The Daily Herald, March 23, 1942, p. 3]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Dalgo family-Celestine %26 Leon Dalgo 1918.jpg\" style=\"height:300px; width:178px\" /><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Dalgo family-Leon Dalgo 1951.jpg\" style=\"height:300px; width:205px\" /></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Celestine Abel&nbsp;</strong>(1898-1988)<strong> and Leon Dalgo</strong>&nbsp;(1896-1953)<strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Leon Dalgo [1951] &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[courtesy of Debra Dalgo Fowler-Raley-August 2011]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>LEON DALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Leon Dalgo&nbsp;</strong>(1896-1953) was born June 23, 1896 in New Iberia, Louisiana.&nbsp; He married <strong>Celestine Abel</strong>&nbsp;(1898-1988), the daughter of Joseph C. Abel&nbsp;(1868-1932) and Ella Mae Ladnier (1873-1938) on May 6, 1916 in Harrison County, Mississippi. &nbsp;In the 1940s, they lived at 224 Thomas Street in Biloxi. &nbsp;Their known children were: <strong>Harold Leon Dalgo</strong> (1918-1990) m. Ila Mae Manuel; Lula Forehand; and Patricia ?; <strong>Ella Mae Dalgo</strong> (1920-2014) m. Kelly George Weems (1915-1989); <strong>Charles W. Dalgo</strong> (1921-2000) m. Lurlyn Maxine Bilbo (1922-1995); <strong>Gloria A. Dalgo</strong> (b. 1924) m. Mr. Osborne; <strong>Rodney C. Dalgo</strong> (1926-1995) and <strong>Herbert Dalgo</strong>.<em>(The Daily Herald, February 17, 1921, p. 3)</em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1920, Leon Dalgo was a corker [caulker] in a shipyard, probably M.M. Flechas, at Pascagoula, Mississippi.&nbsp; The family lived on Foote Street.(1920 Jackson Co., Mississippi Federal Census, T625_879, p. 16A, ED 65)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Leon Dalgo married Ila Mae Manuel (1919-2010) on January 20, 1937.&nbsp; Leon Dalgo expired on March 6, 1953. In September 1952, Ila Mae married Anthony J. Bertucci (1919-1999). &nbsp;She expired on October 25, 2010 at Little Elm, Texas. &nbsp;Mrs. Bertucci\'s corporal remains were interred in the Biloxi National Cemetery.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 29, 1937, p. 5 and The Sun Herald, October 31, 2010, p. A12)</em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Children</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harold L. Dalgo</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Captain Harold Leon Dalgo</strong> [1918-1990] was born January 27, 1918 at Biloxi. &nbsp;He married <strong>Ila Mae Manuel</strong> in January 1937 at Gulfport and&nbsp;<strong>Lula Forehand Hamm Bond </strong>[1918-2007] in 1952 in Harrison County, Mississippi. &nbsp;Harold made his livelihood on the sea. &nbsp;He passed on July 7, 1990 at Melbourne, Australia and was survived by a wife, Patricia ? Dalgo, and a daughter, Patricia Dalgo Mackbee, of New Orleans. &nbsp;Harold&nbsp;was cremated and his corporal remains are assumed to be in Australia.[The Daily Herald, January 29, 1937, p. 5 and&nbsp;Sun Herald, July 11, 1990, p. C-2]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Ila Mae Dalgo gave birth to Patricia Dalgo in August 1939. &nbsp;Patricia married&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Weems%2C Ella Mae Dalgo (1920-2014).jpg\" style=\"height:103px; width:80px\" /></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Ella Mae Dalgo</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(220, 208, 207); font-size:13px\">Ella Mae Dalgo Weems (1920-2014), age 94 years, of Biloxi, Mississippi passed away on Thursday, July 17, 2014, in Biloxi. &nbsp;Mrs. Weems was a native of Biloxi, formerly a member of Epworth United Methodist Church and was currently a member of Heritage UMC. Along with her husband, they owned and operated Kelly\'s Upholstery and Surplus Store. She volunteered at Noahs Ark Kindergarten at Heritage UMC and at the Biloxi VA Hospital. Mrs. Weems was a member of many clubs and organizations including the North Bay Senior Citizens Club and the Biloxi Red Hat Society.</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(220, 208, 207)\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(220, 208, 207); font-size:13px\">She was preceded in death by her husband, Kelly George Weems Sr, parents, Leon and Celestine Abel Dalgo, sister, Gloria and four brothers, Harold, Charles, Herbert and Rodney.</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(220, 208, 207)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(220, 208, 207); font-size:13px\">Survivors include two sons, Kelly G. (Brenda) Weems Jr and Dan (Mary) Weems, three grandchildren, Desiree, Mark and Scott, two great-grandchildren, Sean and Declan, three nieces, Diane, Tracey and Toy, and three neighbors, Bubba, Teresa and Mattie.</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(220, 208, 207)\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(220, 208, 207); font-size:13px\">The Howard Avenue Chapel of Bradford O\'Keefe Funeral Home is in charge of arrangements.(The Sun Herald, July 20, 2014, p. A-15)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Charles W. Dalgo</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Charles William Dalgo</strong> (1921-2000) was born February 13, 1921 at Biloxi. &nbsp;He married <strong>Lurlyn Maxine Bilbo</strong> (1922-1995), a native of Tulsa, Oklahoma, and the daughter of John Wesley Bilbo and Verna Flurry Bilbo. &nbsp;They were the parents of two daughters, Lyn Dalgo Jay of Marble Falls, Texas and Cindy Dalgo Causey of Austin, Texas.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Charles W. Dalgo and Lurlyn Bilbo Dalgo both expired in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. &nbsp;Their corporal remains were interred in the Fort Sam Houston National Cemetery at San Antonio, Texas.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>FELIX DALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Felix J. Dalgo&nbsp;</strong>(1898-1939) was born April 26, 1898 in Louisiana.&nbsp; He married <strong>Anna G. Lusk</strong> (1898-1992), the daughter of Richard Lusk (1875-1954) and Anna E. McCaleb (1875-1954)<span style=\"background-color:rgb(220, 208, 207); color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\"> in the Catholic Church in Harrison County, Mississippi on December 19, 1918. Their Children were</span>: <strong>Joseph A. Dalgo</strong> (1920-1974) &nbsp;m. Ella Mae Saujon m. Kelly G. Weems and Anna Mae Sandoz (1922-1993)&nbsp;m. Tiblier;&nbsp;<strong>Roland Andrew Dalgo</strong> (1921-1922); <strong>Anthony R. Dalgo </strong>(1923-1979) m. Iris Eleuterius; and <strong>Felix \'Junior\' J. Dalgo Jr.</strong> (1925-1989) m. Lilly C. Dalgo (1930-1977).).(Harrison Co., Mississippi Circuit Court MRB 30, p. 463)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Roland Andrew Dalgo expired at Biloxi on March 27, 1922.<em>(The Daily Herald, March 29, 1922, p. 3)</em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1920, Felix J. Dalgo made his livelihood as a tow boat engineer.&nbsp; His family lived on East Beach Street at Biloxi, Mississippi with Richard Lusk, a ship carpenter.(1920&nbsp; Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census, T625_876, p. 25B, ED 39)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Felix J. Dalgo expired on Christmas Day 1939.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Felix J. Dalgo Jr.</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Felix Joseph Dalgo Jr. </strong>(1925-1989), called Junior,&nbsp;was educated at St. Michael\'s &nbsp;parochial school and married &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;. &nbsp;He&nbsp;became an amateur boxer training St. Michael\'s CYO &nbsp;in the late 1930s. &nbsp;By early 1949, he had fought in over 100 amateur bouts. &nbsp;While in the US Navy serving in the South Pacific Theatre during WWII, Junior won the Southwest Pacific bantam weight crown in 1944 and 1945 at Honolulu, Hawaii. &nbsp;By the winter of 1949, Junior had turned professional and was awaiting his fifth bought at the Colisuem Arena in New Orleans. &nbsp;At this time, he weighed 118 pounds as compared to his military pugilistic career where his fighting weight was about 126 pounds. &nbsp;Dalgo attributed his weight loss to his intense training and strenous labor while employed on a shrimp boat.(The Daily Herald, February 15, 1949, p. 4)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Screen%20Shot%202018-01-24%20at%205.07.31%20PM_0.png\" style=\"height:213px; width:250px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">[from The Times-Picayune, November 6, 1967, p. 2]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ISAAC DALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Isaac Dalgo </strong>(1900-1967) was born March 18, 1900 in Louisiana.&nbsp; In 1917, when Isaac Dalgo registered for the WW I draft, he was living with his mother at 1026 Pearl Street at Biloxi, Mississippi.&nbsp; He was employed as a ship caulker at the Diersks-Blodgett shipyard in Pascagoula.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September 1920, he married Irma Anna Hebber or Heffler (1906-1930+), a native of Louisiana.&nbsp; They were the parents of: a baby boy (1921-1921);<strong> George Almer Dalgo </strong>(1922-1922); <strong>Donald Earl Dalgo </strong>(1923-1923); <strong>Rita Dalgo</strong> was born May 29, 1925; and <strong>Shirley Florence Dalgo</strong> (1931-1931).(<em>The Daily Herald, September 16, 1920, p. 4 and June 30, 1925, p. 3 and </em>Bradford-O’Keefe Burial Bk. 11, p. 149, Bk. 12, p. 29, Bk. 12, p. 232, and Bk. 19, p. 255)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By 1930, Isaac Dalgo was working as a boatman in the Biloxi seafood industry and domiciled on Maple Street with his wife and daughter, Rita Dalgo.(1930 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census R 1146, p. 31B, ED 2)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Screen%20Shot%202018-01-24%20at%205.41.02%20PM.png\" style=\"height:112px; width:300px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Isaac Dalgo&nbsp;moved to Louisiana and expired there on November 5, 1967. &nbsp;He married Marie Richard (1918-2013) in February 1949 in Orleans Parish, Louisiana.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ANGELO J. DALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Angelo Dalgo</strong> (1903-1975) was born October 10, 1903 in Louisiana.&nbsp; In January 1924, he married <strong>Grace Canaan</strong> (1907-1929), the daughter of <strong>Israel Henry Canaan</strong> (1876-1958), a native of Michigan, and Catherine Caldwell (1873-1943), the daughter of Madison ‘Matt’ Caldwell (1843-1900) and Olina ‘Ollie’ Ramsay Caldwell (1847-1903), the daughter of Daniel Huey Ramsay (1814-1867) and Mahala Holder Ramsay (1814-1885).&nbsp; &nbsp;The nuptials of Angelo Dalgo and Grace Canaan were held in Biloxi at the home of Judge Z.T. Champlin.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 18, 1924, p. 2)</em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Angelo and Grace C. Dalgo were the parents of: <strong>George Dalgo </strong>(b. 1925), who was born January 10, 1925 and <strong>Jerry A. Dalgo</strong> (1927-2008) who was born January 18, 1927.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 10, 1925, p. 3)</em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Dalgo brothers-George %26 Jerry  in New York.jpg\" style=\"height:300px; width:234px\" /></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>George and Jerry Dalgo</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[courtesy of Debra Dalgo Fowler-Raley-August 2011]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>GEORGE A. DALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><strong>George Angelo Dalgo</strong> (b. Jan 1, 1925) married Doris Jones (b. 1929), the daughter of Benjamin Jones and D. Thelma Rogers, at Baltimore, Maryland on April 19, 1953. &nbsp;George and Doris were the parents of three children:&nbsp;<strong>Timothy Albert Dalgo</strong> [b. June 1, 1954] m. Shirley Kachinski on May 3, 1975; <strong>Darlene May Dalgo </strong>&nbsp;[b. Oct 2, 1957 m. Edward Spause on April 19, 1982; and <strong>Debra Ann Dalgo</strong> &nbsp;[b. Nov 4, 1963] m. Robert Fowler in September 1989 and&nbsp;James Kenneth Raley on July 23 2004.(Dalrlene Dalgo Fowler Raley, August 24, 2011)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>JERRY A. DALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Jerry A. Dalgo</strong> (1927-2008) married <strong>Mattie Louise Sumrall</strong> of Perkinston, Mississippi in Harrison County, Mississippi on December 13, 1953.(Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 96, p. 146)&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Jerry A. Dalgo and Mattie L. Sumrall were the parents of three sons: Angelo Lance Dalgo married Loree Lee Noble on November 1, 1975.&nbsp; Jerry A. Dalgo II married Judy Detoney; and Robert Dalgo married ?.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Grace C. Dalgo expired at her home on Heidenheim Avenue on January 12, 1929, from blood poisoning.&nbsp; Her corporal remains were passed through the Lutheran Church with the Reverend Stock officiating.&nbsp; Burial followed in the Biloxi City Cemetery.(Bradford-O’Keefe Burial Bk. 15, p. 242 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and <em>The Daily Herald, January 14, 1929, p. 2)</em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Garza-Dalgo%2C Gladys (1913-2011).jpg\" style=\"height:150px; width:120px\" /></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Gladys V. Stanley Dalgo Garza</strong> (1913-2011)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">After the death of Grace Canaan Dalgo, <strong>Angelo J. Dalgo </strong>married <strong>Gladys Viola Stanley </strong>(1913-2011), a native of Hattiesburg, Mississippi and &nbsp;the daughter of Frank Stanley (1875-1931) and Mary \'Mattie\' Stanley (b. 1893). &nbsp;Gladys was born October 7, 1913 at Hattiesburg, Mississippi. &nbsp;Angelo and Gladys S. Dalgo had two daughters,&nbsp;<strong>Betty Louise Dalgo </strong>(1931-1932) and <strong>Helen Grace Dalgo</strong> <strong>Foretich </strong>(1934-2017), the spouse of <strong>Alvah E. Foretich Jr.&nbsp;</strong>(1932-2010), the son of Alvah E. Foretich (1908-1989) and Bessie M. Griffin (1908-1990).</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Children</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Betty Louise Dalgo</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Helen G. Dalgo</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Helen Grace Dalgo (1934-2017) was born &nbsp; . &nbsp;She married <strong>Alva E. Foretich Jr</strong>. in Harrison County, Mississippi on July 12, 1953.[Harrison Co., Mississippi Circuit Court MRB 94, p. 375]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Helen Grace Foretich</strong>, age 83 years, of Biloxi, passed away on July 20, 2017, at the Ocean Springs Nursing Center.&nbsp; Helen is preceded in death by her husband, Alvah E. Foretich Jr.,&nbsp;daughter, <strong>Sharon Sue Foretich Nixon</strong> (1954-2005) m. <strong>Walter Louis&nbsp;Nixon III</strong> (1954-2007), grandson, <strong>Walter Louis&nbsp;Nixon IV</strong> (d. 1995),&nbsp;and parents, Angelo and Gladys Dalgo.&nbsp;Survivors include her daughter, Angela Soren, grandchildren, Alyssa, Hannah and Kayla Soren, and sister-in-law, Mattie Dalgo.&nbsp;&nbsp;On bequest of the deceased there will be burial only at Biloxi National Cemetery on Monday, July 24 at 10:00 a.m.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Ocean Springs Chapel of Bradford O\'Keefe Funeral Home is in charge of arrangements.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Children</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Sharon S. Foretich</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sharon Sue Foretich</strong>&nbsp;(1954-2005), age 50 years, a resident of Portland, Oregon, died April 7, 2005, of cancer. &nbsp;Sharon was born April 21, 1954, in Biloxi. She was a 1973 graduate of Meadow-Draugan Business College in New Orleans and was employed in real estate as a commercial property manager.&nbsp;Sharon was preceded in death by her son, Walter L. Nixon IV, in 1995. &nbsp;She is survived by her husband of 30 years, Walter L. Nixon III; parents Al and Helen Foretich, Biloxi; sister Angela (Roger) Soren, Louisville, Kentucky; three nieces she loved very much, Alyssa, Hanna and Kayla, Louisville; grandmother Gladys Dalgo, Biloxi; special Aunt Mattie and Uncle Jerry Dalgo, Ocean Springs, Aunt Dorris and Uncle George Dalgo, Baltimore, MD, Aunt Neiani Bennet, Gulfport; Ruby Foretich, Ocean Springs; father-in-law, Walter L. (Barbara) Nixon Jr., Ocean Springs; friend, Jack Forbes; and many cousins and friends. Sharon was loved by all who knew her.&nbsp;A memorial service will be held in Portland.(The Sun Herald, April 12, 2005)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Angela Foretich</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1930, Angelo Dalgo was working as an oyster fisherman.&nbsp; He and his two sons were living with the Henry Canaan family on Heidenheim Avenue at Biloxi, Mississippi.&nbsp; In 1918, Henry Canaan was a boatmen for the Foster-Fountain Packing Company.(1930 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census, R1146, p. 9A, ED 1 and Jerry Dalgo, November 19, 2006)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Angelo J. Dalgo expired on June 28, 1975. </span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In March 2006, <strong>Gladys Stanley Dalgo</strong> married <strong>Fidel Angel Garza</strong> (b. 1941), a native of Laredo, Texas and retired USAF veteran. &nbsp;She expired on August 13, 2011.(Harrison Co., Mississippi 2nd JD MRB 67, p. 27 and The Sun Herald, August 17, 2011, p. A4)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>LUC </strong>[Luke] <strong>HIDALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Luc Hidalgo </strong>(1868-1930+) was born November 20, 1868.&nbsp; He was baptized in the Church Point Roman Catholic in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; Luc married <strong>Idea Prejean</strong> (1870-1910+) on November 11, 1887.(Hebert, Vol. 8, 1977, p. 251)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1900, Luke and Idea Hidalgo were farming in the 4<sup>th</sup> Ward, Lafayette Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; Their children were: Nila Hidalgo (1891-1900+); Felix Hidalgo (1891-1900+); Alcide Hidalgo (1894-1900+); Willie Hidalgo (1896-1900+); Ulysse Hidalgo (1898-1900+); and Pierre Dalgo (1899-1900+).(1900 Lafayette Parish, Louisiana Federal Census T623 567, p. 9A, ED 44)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1910, Luke and Idea Prejean Hidalgo were farming in the Youngsville, Lafayette Parish, Louisiana section.&nbsp; They had had twelve children by this time, but only eight were alive in 1910.&nbsp; Six sons were living at home: Felix Hidalgo (1891-1910+); Willie Hidalgo (1896-1910+); Ulysse Hidalgo (1897-1981); Cyrus Hidalgo (1900-1910+); Saul (1903-1930+); Ellis Hidalgo (1906-1977), and Lucien Hidalgo (1908-1930+).(1910 Lafayette Parish, Louisiana Federal Census T624_516, p. 7B, ED 71)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1930, Luke Hidalgo was widowed and retired and a resident of Beaumont, Texas.&nbsp; In his household were five children: Saul, Lucien, Essy (1912-1930+), Rene (1913-1930+), and Annie Mae Hidalgo Carre (1915-2005).&nbsp; It appears that Idea Prejean Hidalgo expired before 1920.(1930 Jefferson County, Texas R 2362, p. 6B, ED 32)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>NEOME HIDALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Neome Hidalgo </strong>(1871-pre-1910) married <strong>Beauregard David</strong> (1862-1932) on February 14, 1890 in Lafayette Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; They had two daughters: Lydia David (1891-1910+) and Odeide David (1898-1910+).&nbsp; The daughter were living with their grandparents, Felix and Emelie Hidalgo and widowed Uncle Mozard Hidalgo at Youngsville in 1910.(1910 Lafayette Parish, Louisiana Federal Census T624_516, p. 1A, Ed 71)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Beauregard David expired on September 21, 1932.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>W. SAUL HIDALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>W. Saul Hidalgo </strong>(1876-1900+) was born October 1876.&nbsp; Circa 1898, he married Hallie A.&nbsp;&nbsp; ?&nbsp; (1877-1900+).&nbsp; A daughter, <strong>Virgil M. Hidalgo</strong> was born in December 1898.&nbsp; In 1900, the family were residents of Ward 6 in Acadia Parish, Louisiana where W. Saul Hidalgo made his livelihood as a farm laborer.(1900 Acadia Parish, Louisiana Federal Census T623 556, p. 9B, ED 8)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>EMANUEL HIDALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Emanuel Hidalgo was born circa</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>MOZARD HIDALGO</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mozard Hidalgo was born circa</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Reverend Donald J. Hebert, <strong><u>Southwest Louisiana</u></strong><strong><u>Records</u></strong>, Volume 8, (1866-1868)-(Hebert Publications: Cecelia, Louisiana-1977).</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Reverend Donald J. Hebert, <strong><u>Southwest Louisiana</u></strong><strong><u>Records</u></strong>, Volume 21, (1890)-(Hebert Publications: Cecelia, Louisiana-1980).</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Reverend Donald J. Hebert, <strong><u>Southwest Louisiana</u></strong><strong><u>Records</u></strong>, Volume 24, (1893)-(Hebert Publications: Eunice, Louisiana-1980).</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Journals</em></strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi News Paragraphs”</strong>, September 16, 1920.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“</strong>[birth-son of Mr. and Mrs. Leon Dalgo], February 17, 1921.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Infant Buried Yesterday </strong>[Roland Andrew Dalgo]<strong>”</strong>, March 29, 1922.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Child Dead </strong>[Herbert Dalgo]<strong>”</strong>, September 23, 1923, p. 3.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Dalgo-Canaan”</strong>, January 18, 1924.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi News Items”</strong>, June 30, 1925.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Grace Dalgo Dies”</strong>, January 14, 1929.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald</em><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">,&nbsp;</span><strong>\"Dalgo-Manuel\'</strong>, January 29,&nbsp;1937.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, <strong>\"Lawrence Dalgo Dies\"</strong>, December 13, 1937.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, <strong>\"</strong>[Joseph Dalgo and Ella Mae Saujon marriage], September 24, 1938, p. 3.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“</strong>[Anna Constance Dalgo death]<strong>”</strong>, April 20, 1940, p. 7.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Dalgo&nbsp;</strong>[Charles W. Dalgo] <strong>Promoted\"</strong>, April 20, 1941, p. 5.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Mrs. Dalgo <span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">dies</span>\"</strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">, March 23, 1942, p. 3.</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Dalgo seeks fifth straight win in Professional Ranks</strong><strong>\"</strong>, February 15, 1949, p. 4.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, <strong>\"Theodore D. Manuel\"</strong>, October 4, 1960, p. 2.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, <strong>\"Joseph (Jo-Jo) Dalgo\"</strong>, December 27, 1974, p. A2.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Ethel Dalgo Manuel”</strong>, March 14, 1978.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Jackson County Times</em>, <strong>\"Lawrence Dalgo\"</strong>, December 18, 1937.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Ocean Springs News, </em><strong>“Bradford-Dalgo wedding in Mobile is interest to many in Ocean Springs”</strong>, June 26, 1958.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Ocean Springs Record, </em><strong>“Dalgo-Noble”</strong>, November 20?, 1975, p.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Ocean Springs Record, </em><strong>“Jerry A. Dalgo”</strong>, March, 2008, p. A6.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>\"Rodney C. Dalgo”</strong>, February 9, 1995, p. A2.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Lurlyn Maxine Bilbo C. Dalgo”</strong>, June 3, 1995, p. A2.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald,<span style=\"background-color:rgb(220, 208, 207); color:rgb(0, 0, 0)\">&nbsp;<strong>\'Joetta D. Abel\'</strong>, February 1998.</span></em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Charles William Dalgo”</strong>, January 18, 2000, p. A5.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Joseph A. Dalgo”</strong>, March 11, 2000, p. A7.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Mr. Merlin Beverly Dalgo”</strong>, December 5, 2003.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Harold L. Dalgo”</strong>, July 7, 2007.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Jerry A. Dalgo Sr.”</strong>, March 23, 2008.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Alvah E. Foretich Jr.\"</strong>, March 16, 2010.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Beryl D. Woodruff”</strong>, June 1, 2010.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Ila Mae Bertucci”</strong>, October 31, 2010.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald</em>, <strong>\"Ms. Gladys Dalgo Garza\"</strong>, August 17, 2011.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald</em>,&nbsp;<strong>\"Ella Mae Dalgo Weems\"</strong>, July 20, 2014.</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune</em>, <strong>\"Man </strong>[Phil Dalgo (1943-1993)] <strong>sentenced in Coast case\"</strong>, July 29, 1964, Sec. I, p. 6.</span></p>\r\n', '', '2'),
('book', 0, 115, 118, 'en', 0, '<p>\r\n	&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"font-family: \'times new roman\', times, serif; font-size: 14px; \">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;The Powajbo family at Biloxi, Mississippi had its origins in Grodno, Poland with the birth of Alexander Powajbo (1895-1920+).&nbsp; He came to America at the age of sixteen and settled probably in NYC.&nbsp;&nbsp; Here he may have met another Polish immigrant, Marion ? (1894-1920+), who had arrived here in 1908.&nbsp; By 1920, they were married and settled at Amsterdam, Montgomery County, New York.&nbsp; Here, Alexander Powajbo made his livelihood as a spinner in the John K. Stewart &amp; Sons Knitting Mill.&nbsp; Mrs. Powajbo was a puncher at a button manufacturer plant.(1920 Montgomery Co., New York Federal Census, T625_1126, p. 16A, Ed 63)</span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"font-family: \'times new roman\', times, serif; font-size: 14px; \"><strong>Zigmund Powajbo</strong></span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Alexander and Marion Powajbo had a son, Zigmund Chester &lsquo;Ziggy&rsquo; Powajbo (1917-2000), who was born at Amsterdam, New York on October 17, 1917.&nbsp; He attended St. Stanislaw&rsquo;s Catholic High School at Amsterdam before enlisting in the Army Air Corps.&nbsp; During WWII, Ziggy was stationed at Keesler Field in Biloxi, Mississippi.&nbsp; Here he met and later married Erena Branecki (1922-2001), a Biloxi native, on August 30, 1942 at St. John&rsquo;s Catholic Church on Lameuse Street.&nbsp; Erena called &lsquo;Boom Booms&rsquo; was the daughter of John Branecki (1883-1955), also a 1918 Polish immigrant, and Mary Branecki (1888-1951), native of Baltimore, Maryland.&nbsp; Mr. Braneki made his livelihood as a fisherman and the family was domiciled in the Back Bay section of Biloxi.(1930 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census R1146, p. 29B, ED 6 and Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 57, p. 35 and <em>The Sun Herald, February 17, 2000</em>)</span></span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ziggy Powajbo made his livelihood as a traveling sporting goods salesman.&nbsp; He relocated the family to NOLA in 1968 and retired there in 1989.&nbsp; Ziggy expired on February 15, 2000.Erena followed him in death dying on April 6, 2001.<em>(The Sun Herald, February 17, 2000 and April 6, 2001)</em></span></span></p>\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">\r\n	<span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><strong>CHILDREN</strong></span></span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ziggy Powajbo and Erena Branecki were the parents of five children: <strong>Constance &lsquo;Connie&rsquo; Powajbo</strong> (b. 1944) m. Mr. Maurer; <strong>Linda Powajbo</strong> m. Joseph A. Bosco (1948-2010); <strong>Robbe Powajbo</strong> m. Mr. Stillman; <strong>Richard A. Powajbo</strong>; and <strong>John Z. Pawjabo</strong> (1957-2004) m. Julie Mellon.</span></span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"font-family: \'times new roman\', times, serif; font-size: 14px; \"><strong>Linda Powajbo</strong></span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Circa 1970, Linda Powajbo married Joseph A. &lsquo;Joe&rsquo; Bosco.&nbsp; Joe became a celebrated author and teacher.&nbsp; His biography follows:</span></span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"font-family: \'times new roman\', times, serif; font-size: 14px; \">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<strong>Joseph Augustus &#39;Joe&#39; Bosco&nbsp;</strong>(1948-2010), author, writer and college professor, died on natural causes on July 8th in Beijing, China. &nbsp;Joe was born at Biloxi, Mississippi on August 30, 1948 to Frank A. Bosco (1919-1975) and Wilma Annetta Snyder Bosco (1926-2006). &nbsp;He&nbsp;graduated with the 1966 class of Ocean Springs High School and left this forward in&nbsp;<em>The Greyhound</em>, the school annual:&nbsp;<strong><em>&quot;Beware! I may yet do something sensational.&quot; &nbsp;</em></strong>Joe matriculated to USM and UNO where he earned Fine Arts degrees in 1972 and 1976 respectively. &nbsp;His published works were:&nbsp;<strong><u>The Boys Who Would be Cubs</u></strong>: A Year in the Heart of Baseball&#39;s Minor Leagues&quot; (1990);&nbsp;<strong><u>Blood Will Tell:</u></strong>A True Story of Deadly Lust in New Orleans (1993); and&nbsp;<strong><u>A Problem of Evidence</u></strong>: How the Prosecution Freed O.J. Simpson (1996). &nbsp;Joe Bosco resided in New Orleans and Los Angeles before his demise in China. &nbsp;While in Los Angeles, he reported on the ludicrous,&nbsp;<strong>O.J. Simpson Trial</strong>&nbsp;for&nbsp;<em>Penthouse Magazine</em>. &nbsp;He had also written of the murder of Ennis Cosby (1969-1997), son of Bill Cosby, comedian and actor, as&nbsp;<strong>&quot;In the Face of Death&quot;</strong>&nbsp;for N<em>ation, a&nbsp;</em>&nbsp;magazine&nbsp;<em>(June 2, 1997).</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;Joseph A. Bosco, &nbsp;a favorite son and friend of Ocean Springs, is survived by Linda Powajbo Bosco, a former wife, Joseph A Bosco II, a son, and Sylvia A. Bosco, his sister and a special education teacher at OSHS.[Ray L. Bellande, August 7, 2010]</span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span class=\"Apple-style-span\" style=\"font-family: \'times new roman\', times, serif; font-size: 14px; \"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>&ldquo;Sigmund C. Powajbo&rdquo;</strong>, February 17, 2000.</span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>&ldquo;Erena Powjabo&rdquo;</strong>, April 6, 2001.</span></span></p>\r\n<p>\r\n	<span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><em>The Times Picayune, </em><strong>&ldquo;Powajbo&rdquo;</strong>, May 21, 2004.</span></span></p>\r\n', NULL, '2');
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('book', 0, 116, 119, 'en', 0, '<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:22px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp;BILOXI\'S JEWISH HISTORY</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:18px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>CONTENTS</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Time Line</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>September 1853</strong>-&nbsp;<strong>Frederick A. Renoir</strong>&nbsp;sold for $50 to the&nbsp;<strong>Congregation of the Hebrew Society of NOLA</strong>&nbsp;a tract of land on the west side of Reynoir Street. &nbsp;It was to be used as a&nbsp;<strong>Jewish Cemetery</strong>. &nbsp;Trustees for the Jewish Cemetery were:&nbsp;<strong>Leopold Klopman</strong>&nbsp;(1810-1873) and&nbsp;<strong>Adolph S. Marks</strong>&nbsp;(1791-1867) of New Orleans and&nbsp;<strong>Samuel Friedlander</strong>&nbsp;(1813-1886) of Biloxi.(Harrison Co. Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 6, p. 518)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h3>&nbsp;</h3>\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>April 1885</strong>-The Barataria Canning Company was chartered to operate in the State of Mississippi on April 4, 1885.&nbsp; The incorporators were: Simon Gumble(1832-1909), Isidore Heidenheim(1852-1918), William H. Lengsfield(1851-1925), Isidore Hechinger (1857-1927), and Harry Edwards(1860-1929).(Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Chattel Deed Book 20, p. 462)</span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>September 1915</strong>-On 8 September, Jewish retailers, <strong>Picard </strong>&amp; Gillen and <strong>Mrs. Harry Cahn</strong>, closed thier respective businesses for Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year.(The Daily Herald, September 8, 1915, p. 4)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><strong>September 1918-</strong></strong>I.P. Rau, chairman of the <strong>drive being made in Harrison County to aid Jewish people suffering in the European war zone,</strong> stated that \'contributions are coming in satsfactorily and give indications that Harrison County will subscribe the amount expected from it\'. (The Daily Herald, September 24, 1918, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>December 1925</strong>-<strong>Rabbi Alfred S. Moses</strong> of Mobile, who was at the Gulport Naval Station in WW I, met with Biloxi Jews to organize <strong>the Jewish Coast Society.</strong> &nbsp;<strong>Phillip Levine</strong>, pres.; <strong>I.B. Rau</strong>, vice-pres.; and <strong>Miss Sophie Schwartz</strong>, sec.(The Daily Herald, December 2, 1925, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>October 1929</strong>-Biloxi\'s Jewish families observed Rosh Hashana beginning 4 October. &nbsp;The following merchants closed their stores the next day: Hartstein &amp; Company; Oasis; Gabriel Jewelery; Morrison\'s Economy Store; Phillip W. Levine; Columbia Tea and Coffee Company; and Handleman\'s. &nbsp;These businesses will also close on the Day of Atonement, which is eight days later.(The Daily Herald, October 4, 1919)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>August 1942</strong>-Morris Hyman, of the B\'Nai Brith Lodge of NOLA and Dr. David Fichman representing the Touro Synagogue of NOLA, loaned the Jewish enlisted men stationed at Keesler Field a Torah containing the five books of Moses.&nbsp; (The Daily Herald, August 10, 1942, p. 10)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>May 1943-Fred Grossman</strong> of NYC arrived in Biloxi to commence his duties as <strong>Director of the Jewish Welfare Board and Associate Director of the Beach USO</strong>. &nbsp;Mr. Grossman was a garduate of the College of the City of New York. &nbsp;Mrs. Grossman and children, Richard, age 5 years, and Joanna, age 10 months, will come to Biloxi when suitable quarters are found.(The Daily Herald, May 17, 1943, p. 7)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>April 1944-</strong>Over <strong>800 Jewish servicemen, officers and their families celebrated the Passover Seder </strong>at Keesler Field in April.&nbsp; Chaplain Sidney Ballon assited by&nbsp;Sgt. Abraham Mashioff conducted the service.(The Daily Herald, April 11, 1944, p. 7)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>April 1945-Staff Sergeant Miriam Zauberman of the Israeli Defense Army Air Force</strong>&nbsp;was the&nbsp;<strong>first WAF from a foreign country to enroll in</strong>&nbsp;t<strong>he school of electronic</strong>&nbsp;as Keesler AFB.(The Daily Herald, April 5, 1945, p. 9)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h3>&nbsp;</h3>\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>September 1947-</strong>Since Keesler Field had no Jewish Chaplin, in order to celebrate the Jewish New Year and Yom Kippur in September 1947, Jewish soldiers stationed at Keesler Field had the option of traveling to the Orthodox Synagogue at Mobile, 557 Conti Street, and observing religious services with Rabbi Bernard Gelbart or to the Reform Government Street Temple with Rabbi Samuel Gup also at Mobile, Alabama.(The Daily Herald, September 13, 1947, p. 8)</span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>August 1953</strong>-A chapter of B\'nai B\'rith was organized on the Mississippe Coast in August 1953 with David Rosenblum as it first president.&nbsp; A \'Charter Night\' &nbsp;dinner dance was held at the Broadwater Beach Hotel in mid-August with Label A. Katz&nbsp;(1918-1975)&nbsp; of New Orleans as the guest speaker.(The Daily Herald, August 15, 1953, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>March 1954</strong>-B\'nai B\'rith Lodge No. 1957 met in the East Clubroom of the Broadwater Beach Hotel and welcomed two new members, Aaron Scherme of Edgewater Park and Chaplain Philip Pincus of KAFB.&nbsp; President David Rosenblum appointed Abe Herman as the organiztions represented to the Biloxi USO Committee.(The Daily Herald, March 16, 1954 p. 6)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h3>&nbsp;</h3>\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>December 1957-Sol Frank&nbsp;(1889-1957)</strong><strong> </strong>owner of several stores, including a clothing store at Biloxi,<strong> died December 8, 1957 in San Antonio, Texas. &nbsp;Ralph Hirsch, manager of the local store, attended the funeral.</strong>(The Daily Herald, December 10, 1957, p. 2)</span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<h3>&nbsp;</h3>\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>August 1958-</strong>dedication of the Beth Israel Community Center on the corner of Camellia and Southern Avenue in the Greater Biloxi Subdivision occurred on August 31, 1958.&nbsp; It was the first synagogue and community center on the Mississippi Gulf Coast.&nbsp; Officers of the congregation were: Abraham H. Silver (1919-1997), president; Rubin Goldin (1893-1989), v.p.; Gerald Piltz, treasurer; and Bernard Horn sec.&nbsp; Trustees were: George Altbach (1902-1986); James Rosenblum; Zondel Katz; and Earl Friedman (1908-1966).<em>(The Daily Herald, August 30, 1958,p. 8)</em></span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>December 1974</strong>-On December 2nd,&nbsp;<strong>Arthur Weinberger</strong> (1896-1974), <strong>Biloxi merchant and </strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><strong>the proprietor of Art\'s Levis </strong>on Howard Avenue, was distracted by Willie Reddix in order that Larry \'Catfish\' Jones, Reddix\'s companion on that day, could sneak up behind Mr. Weinberger and <strong>kill him with repeated blows from a wrench</strong>. Reddix and Jones then took money and clothes from the store and fled.(The Daily Herald, December 3, 1974, p. A2 and December 4, 1974, p. A2)</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>August 2005</strong>-Hurrcane Katrina destroys original Biloxi synagogue.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>May 2009</strong>-Completed new Beth Israel synagogue and community center at 12277 Three Rivers Road in Gulfport.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Of religious interest”</strong>, September 12, 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Jewish New Year”</strong>, December 21, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Shebuoth”</strong>, May 19, 1904.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Personal”</strong>, May 23, 1907.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Jewish Passover”</strong>, April 16, 1910.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Jewish New Year will be ushered in this evening”</strong>, October 1, 1913.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp; Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Stone County”</strong>, October 13, 1916.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Jewish services at the Elks Club by Rabbi Moses”</strong>, July 20, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“25 Jewish sailors Dr. Moses guests”</strong>, September 7, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em><em>The Daily Herald, </em></em><strong>“Chairman I.B. Rau pleased with contributions for Jewish relief”</strong>, September 24, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Collecting for Jewish Relief”</strong>, September 25, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Dr. and Mrs. Moses return to Biloxi”</strong>, September 25, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Jewish Welfare board may send man home’</strong>, January 6, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Moses elected Rabbi”</strong>, February 10, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Bay St. Louis postmaster visits Biloxi”</strong>, March 29, 1920.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Meeting being arranged </strong>[for the Jewish Coast Society]<strong>”</strong>, December 2, 1925, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Jewish feast”</strong>,&nbsp;March 6, 1944, p. 7.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Jewish Purim Festival observed at Keesler”</strong>, March 9, 1944, p. 7. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Jewish soldiers observed Passover Seder at Field”</strong>,&nbsp;April 11, 1944, p. 7.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Israel WAF is</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Keesler student”</strong>,&nbsp;April 5, 1945, p. 9.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Plan Jewish Holy Days</strong> [Keesler Field]<strong>”</strong>,&nbsp;April 11, 1947, p. 8.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,<strong>&nbsp; \"Coast B\'Nai Brith Charter Night Sunday\"</strong>, August 15, 1953, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Plan dedication of Synagogue in Biloxi Sunday”</strong>, August 30, 1958, p. 8.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Arthur Weinberger”</strong>, December 3, 1974.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Young Biloxi man charged in murder of store owner”</strong>, December 4, 1974. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“”</strong>, &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Beth Israel is tight-knit family”</strong>, July 17, 2010, p. A9. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“”</strong>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“”</strong>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“New Saenger Theater is vast beyond belief and incredibly beautiful”</strong>, February 5, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Theater is seen as realization of years of work”</strong>, February 5, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Society”</strong>, December 20, 1930.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Julian H. Saenger stricken, dies on way to hospital”</strong>, February 7, 1932.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biography of Biloxi’s Jewish Community</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Harry Bennett (</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Harry Cahn </strong>(1869-1910)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Abe Frey </strong>(1910-)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Earl B. Friedman&nbsp;</strong>(1908-1966)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Rose F. Friedman</strong> (1909-1990)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Samuel Friedlander </strong>(1812-1886)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>I. Daniel Gehr</strong> (1895-1959)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Moody Grishman </strong>(1913-2008)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Henry Gumble </strong>(1869-1950?)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Isidore Hechinger </strong>(1857-1927)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Isidore Heidenheim </strong>(1857-1918)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Ralph Hersh</strong> (1913-1985)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Vivian Hersh</strong> (1917-1996)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Morris Jacobs</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Maurice Moise Levy </strong>(1840-1913)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Samuel Levy </strong>(1864-1935)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Victor Levy </strong>(1853-1935)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Phillip W. Levine</strong> (1889-1940)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>William Henry Lengsfield </strong>(1851-1925)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Nellie Solomon </strong>(d. 5-9-1940)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Arthur J. Mix </strong>(1923-1996)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Alfred G. Moses</strong> (1878-1930+)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Bernard Picard </strong>(1853-1896)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Samuel Picard </strong>(1883-1964)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Abraham Rosenberg </strong>(1940)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>David Rosenblum </strong>(1912-1957)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Louis Rosenthal </strong>(1851-1942)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Julian H. Saenger </strong>(1873-1932)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Henry I. Singer </strong>(1869-1920+)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Adrian Weill </strong>(1903-1971)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Arthur Weinberger</strong> (1896-1974)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>William Weinberger</strong> (1893-1976)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Rosa D. Weissenburger</strong>&nbsp;(1829-1910)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">Harry Bennett</span></strong></span></span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\"><strong>Harry Bennett</strong> (1902-1967), age 65 years, was murdered in front of the east entrance of the Gallery Apartments, 4900 Southern Avenue, in the early morning of</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">Saturday, December 16</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, 1967.</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255)\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">At the Bennett murder scene, police counted eight bullet holes in the body and eight .32 caliber cartridges from an automatic weapon within 20 feet of Mr. Bennett\'s body. The FBI had identified Mr. Bennett as a gambler and bookmaker.</span></span></span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">Mr. Bennett was in Federal Court on&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">December 14th</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;and</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">December 15th, 1967</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">where he was one of eight defendants under indictment on charges for conspiracy and interstate transportation in aid of racketeering. The accused were charged with transporting a \'juice joint\'-an electrical device for crooked dice games-from Tulsa, Oklahoma to Harrison County, Mississippi and also used the US Postal System in a check cashing agency.</span></span></span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">Harry Bennett was born at Opelousas, Louisiana to <strong>Bernard Bennett</strong>, an Englishman, and <strong>Fanny Bohrer </strong>[1881-1981], a native of Austria. He was survived by Ora Cormier Bennett (1914-1990), his wife; two sons, Robert Bennett [1940-2014] and Bernard J. Bennett (1925-2000); two brothers, Noah Bennett m. Gertrude Bernstein, Biloxi; and Arnold Jerome Bennett [1918-2016] m. Teal Freedman [1923-2004] NOLA; four sisters, Miss Evelyn Bennett, Covington, Louisiana; Ruth Bennett [1908-2006] m. Nathan Katz [1899-1974]; Lillian Bennett (1912-2005) m. Sydney E. Morais (1909-1992), and Miss Sadie Bennett [1900-1984]; all of NOLA; his mother, Mrs. Bernard Bennett, NOLA; and four grandchildren.</span></span></span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">In&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">August 1924</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, Harry became engaged to Rebecca Bernstein [1905-1939], the Russian born daughter of Solomon Bernstein [1877-1942] and Pauline Bremer Bernstein [1880-1935], also Russian immigrants. They had a son, Bernard J. Bennett (1925-2000).[The Times-Picayune</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">August 24</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, 1924, p. 11]</span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<br />\r\n<span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">Bradford-O\'Keefe Funeral Home of Biloxi with Rabbi M.B. Eisenstat officiating, directed the funeral of Mr. Bennett. Internment was in Southern Memorial Park.</span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">Mrs Bennett expired at Biloxi, Mississippi on</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">May 10</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, 1990. She was born</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">October 11</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, 1914.</span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">REFERENCES:</span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">The Daily Herald, \'Bullet-riddled body of Harry Bennett found\',</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">December 16</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, 1967, p. 1.</span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">The Daily Herald, \'Bennett rites,</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">December 18</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, 1967, p. 2.</span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">The&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">Sun</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;Herald, \'Ora C. Bennett\',</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">May 12</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">?, 1990.</span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">The Times-Picayune, \'Social and Personal’,</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">August 24</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, 1924.</span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">The Times-Picayune, \'Bernard J. Bennett\',</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">September 25</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, 2000, p. 4.</span><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">The Times-Picayune, \'[Lillian Bennett] Morais\',</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color:darkblue\">December 14</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(253, 253, 253)\">, 2005.</span></span></span><br />\r\n&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>HARRY CAHN</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Harry Cahn </strong>(1869-1910) was born at Greenville, Washington County, Mississippi, the son of Bonhomme Cahn (1831-1885) and Julia Hirsch (1846-1908), natives of Lorraine, France.&nbsp; His siblings were: Selig Cahn (1868-1936) m. Yetta Cahn; Josephine Cahn (1871-1943+) m. Leon Bloch; Julius Cahn (1873-1943) m. Florence Baer; Joseph Cahn (1876-1936+); Henry Cahn (1877-1936+); Mose Cahn (1879-1936) m. Bertha Goldberg; and Barney Cahn (1880-1936+).&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In October 1903, <strong>Harry Cahn married Hettye Levy</strong> (1880-1952), the daughter of Judge Samuel Levy (1854-1932) and Brunette Levy (1852-1936)&nbsp; of 335 Slidell Street at Algiers, Louisiana.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 19, 1903, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Cahn &amp; Singer</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September 1903,<strong> Harry Cahn and Henry Ivan Singer</strong> (1868-1938) opened their dry goods and mercantile store in Biloxi.&nbsp; It was situated on West Howard Avenue in the <strong><u>Bolton Building</u></strong> opposite the Dukate Theatre.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 7, 1903, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In October 1901, P. J. Gillen and Bert C. Gillen, contractors, from Birmingham, Alabama began erecting the Bolton Building at 138 West Howard Avenue for Dr. Walter T. Bolton. &nbsp;&nbsp;Dr. Bolton had his offices and residence here until about 1920 when the family relocated to West Beach and Porter Avenue.&nbsp; By May 1902, the Gillens had returned to Alabama.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, November 28, 1901, p. 8, March 20, 1902, p. 8 and May 9, 1902, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The original facade of the Bolton building has long disappeared from the streetscape of West Howard Avenue.&nbsp; Mrs. W.T. Bolton, after she became a widow, sold the structure to Phillip W. Levine, a Russian Jewish immigrant, in January 1924 for $15,000.&nbsp; Through the years, the building has been utilized a Woolsworth variety store, a hardware store, &nbsp;and other commercial enterprises.(The Daily Herald, February 16, 1940, p. 1 and Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Trust Deed Bk. 35, p. 187 and &nbsp;Bk. 55, p. 445)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1981, the Bolton Building, known as 759 Vieux Marche at this, was acquired by Biloxi attorneys, Lyle M. Page [30%], Fred Manino [30%], Ronald G. Peresich [30%] and Paul J. Delcambre Jr. [10%] from Nathaniel B. Rosenberg and A. Charles Rosenberg.&nbsp; Mr. Delcambre sold his 10% interest to the other principals in January 1989.( 2nd&nbsp;JD Land Deed Bk. 114, 235, and 2nd&nbsp;JD Land Deed Bk. 205, p. 483)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">They advertised as follows:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>CAHN &amp; SINGER</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Dry Goods, Notions, Clothing, Furnishings Goods, Hats, and Shoes</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 7, 1903, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Singer sells</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1909, H.I Singer sold his interest in Cahn &amp; Singer to Harry Cahn, his partner. &nbsp;Cahn continued in the mercantile business in the Bolton Building and was shortly joined by Julius Cahn, his brother, and former proprietor of a gentlemen\'s store on Dryades Street at New Orleans.(The Daily Herald, May 15, 1909, p. 4 and May 17, 1909, p. 4)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Mr. Singer would marry Dorothy Hebard (1898-1991) and have three children: Henry I. Singer jr. (1918-2008) m. Audrey Talbot (1915-2012); Robert Linfield Singer (1921-1997) m. Alice Hart Phillips (1898-1991); and Dorothy F. Singer. &nbsp;Leaving Biloxi, he would establish himself in business at Shreveport, Louisiana and in 1928 retired to Baton Rouge where he died on August 9, 1938. &nbsp;Most of this family is interned in the Roselawn Cemetery in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.(The Morning Advocate, August 10, 1938, p. 7 and 1930 East Baton Rouge Parish. Louisiana Federal Census R792, p. 6B, ED 24)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harry Cahn expired at his residence 437 East Howard Avenue at Biloxi on August 29, 1910.&nbsp; He had been in poor health for about a year.&nbsp; Mr. Cahn’s corporal remains were sent to New Orleans for interment in the Hebrew Rest Cemetery No. 2.(The Daily Herald, August 29 1910, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1911, after the death of her spouse, Mrs. Harry Cahn hired T. Sparkes Vignes (1885-1942) to manage her Biloxi dry goods store.&nbsp; Mr. Vignes was a native of New Roads, Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; He was educated at the Poydras Academy in New Roads, LSU, and Soule\'s Business College in the Crescent City.&nbsp; Sparks and Emma Hebert (1889-1939), his wife, came from NOLA to Biloxi where Thomas Sparks Vignes Jr. was born in 1909.(The Daily Herald, April 3, 1942, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sells out and relocates</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Sparks Vignes resigned from his position with Hattie Levy Cahn in August 1914.&nbsp; He joined with Henry I. Singer at this time to open a new dry goods business in the McKee Building at West Howard Avenue and Delauney Street.&nbsp; They called their business the Specialty Store.&nbsp; Sparkes Vignes acquired the business interest of Mr. Singer in 1919.(The Daily Herald, August 5, 1914, p. 1 and April 4, 1942, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In the winter of 1916, Hettye Cahn who had been in Biloxi since 1904 and in the mercantile business, which was situated in the Bolton Building on West Howard, decided to retire permanently.&nbsp; In late January 1916, she sold all of her merchandise to the Samuel Brothers of Gretna, Louisiana.&nbsp; Mrs. Cahn left Biloxi in mid-February 1916 for New Orleans to reside with Judge and Mrs. Levy, her parents.&nbsp; Hettye Cahn had many friends in Biloxi who regretted her decision to leave.&nbsp; She planned to visit her sister in New York.<em>(The Daily Herald, February 3, 1916, p. 4 and February 19, 1916, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Cahn%2C%20Harry.jpg\" style=\"height:188px; width:250px\" /></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Hettye Levy Cahn expired at New Orleans </strong>on October 17, 1952.&nbsp; Her burial was in Hebrew Rest Cemetery No. 2 at New Orleans.(The Times-Picayune, October 18, 1952, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Morning Advocate (Baton Rouge),&nbsp;</em><strong>“Funeral service to be held today for Henry I. Singer”</strong>, August &nbsp;10, 1938.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Among Herald’s Advertisers”</strong>, June 6, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Among Herald’s Advertisers”</strong>, October 7, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Cahn &amp; Singer </strong>[advertisement]<strong>”</strong>, October 7, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Cahn-Levy”</strong>, October 19, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Cahn &amp; Singer </strong>[advertisement]<strong>”</strong>, January 2, 1905.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Cahn &amp; Singer dissolve partnership”</strong>, May 15, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“City News”</strong>, May 17, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Personals”</strong>, May 28, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Harry Cahn”</strong>, August 29, 1910.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Harry Cahn </strong>[advertisement]<strong>”</strong>, April 3, 1914.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Vignes and Singer to open store in McKee Building on Howard”</strong>, August 5, 1914.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Bolton Building front work plan’</strong>, September 24, 1914, p. 8.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Cahn retired from business”</strong>, February 3, 1916.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Cahn goes to New Orleans to reside”</strong>, February 19, 1916.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Sparks Vignes, merchant of Biloxi, dies”</strong>, April 3, 1942.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune</em>, <strong>“Mrs. Julia Hirsch Cahn”</strong>, May 13, 1908.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune</em>, <strong>“Selig Cahn”</strong>, January 19, 1936.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune</em>, <strong>“Mose Cahn”</strong>, July 5, 1936.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune</em>, <strong>“Julius Cahn”</strong>, March 27, 1943.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune</em>, <strong>“[Hettye Levy] Cahn”</strong>, October 18, 1952.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ABRAHAM FREY</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Abraham \'Abe\' Frey was born December 25, 1910 at Louisville, Kentucky. &nbsp;Came to Winona, Mississippi to work in retail sales with an uncle. &nbsp;Stationed at Camp Shelby, Mississippi but discharged from military duty because of a punctured ear drum. &nbsp;Found himself as an artist.(South Mississippi Living, March 2012, pp. 29-31)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em><strong>South Mississippi Living</strong></em>, <strong>\'Young at Art\'</strong>, March 2012.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>SAMUEL FRIEDLANDER</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-21%20at%209.52.14%20AM.png\" /></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Daily Picayune,&nbsp;March 26, 1886, p. 4]</span></strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Samuel Friedlander (1813-1886) was born in Wurtemburg, Germany and educated in Heidelberg.&nbsp; He arrived in the United States in 1840 and settled in Mississippi where he was active in commercial ventures.&nbsp; In 1850, Mr. Friedlander relocated to New Orleans and established himself as a commission’s merchants.&nbsp; His business acumen allowed him to accumulate a large fortune in the next thirty years.&nbsp; He was <em>(The Daily Picayune, March 26, 1886, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">He resided at New Orleans at 197 Girod Street with his Lena Friedlander (1819-1881), his Oberndorf, Germany born spouse. &nbsp;Samuel and Lena were the parents of eight children-three son and five daughters.&nbsp; The following are known: <strong>Henry Friedlander</strong> (1848-1902); Emma Friedlander (1854-1927); <strong>Nathan Friedlander</strong> (1856-1880+) m. Mariam Friedman; Ida I. Friedlander (1858-1900+) m. Benjamin Hart (1842-1900+); Sophia Freidlander (1860-1882+) married William Winter; and <strong>Julius Friedlander</strong> (1862-1925) m. Ophe Kendall.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi&nbsp;house</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In January 1851, the Daniel Goos (1815-1917) family sold their Biloxi residence at present day 138 Magnolia Street to Samuel Friedlander of New Orleans and moved to Ocean Springs.&nbsp; The selling price at this time was $5000.&nbsp; It would appear the Biloxi home was built by Mr. Goos and sold to Mr. Friedlander.&nbsp; Basis for this postulation is the doubling of the property value and that Kendall brick was used in its construction.&nbsp; The Kendall Brickyard existed from 1849-1854 at Back Bay, now D’Iberville.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 5, pp. 480-481)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On February 27, 1850, the Goos family had acquired their Biloxi residence from Louise Alexandrine Leocade Hatrel Fourchy (1812-1886) and Alexandre Fourchy (1787-1854) of New Orleans for $2500.&nbsp; Mr. Fourchy was a lawyer and native of France.&nbsp; The Creole Cottage now situated here is known as Mary Mahoney’s Old French House, an utilized as a restaurant.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 5, p. 256 and 1850 Orleans Parish, Louisiana Federal Census M432_235, p. 139)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi’s Jewish Cemetery</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September,&nbsp;<strong>Frederick A. Renoir</strong>&nbsp;sold for $50 to the&nbsp;<strong>Congregation of the Hebrew Society of NOLA</strong>&nbsp;a tract of land on the west side of Reynoir Street. &nbsp;It was to be used as a&nbsp;<strong>Jewish Cemetery</strong>. &nbsp;Trustees for the Jewish Cemetery were:&nbsp;<strong>Leopold Klopman</strong>&nbsp;(1810-1873) and&nbsp;<strong>Adolph S. Marks</strong>&nbsp;(1791-1867) of New Orleans &nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>Samuel Friedlander</strong>&nbsp;(1813-1886) of Biloxi.(Harrison Co. Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 6, p. 518)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Death and estate</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Lena Friedlander died at her Girod Street home on September 28, 1881. Like her husband she Samuel Friedlander expired at NOLA on March 25, 1886.&nbsp; His heirs</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">A mid-April 1888, auction at New Orleans of Mr. Friedlander’s property resulted in about $5000 in sales for his estate.&nbsp; In Biloxi, all of his furniture and household belongings in the Friedlander home on the corner of Magnolia Street and Water Street were sold on April 30<sup>th</sup>.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, April 14, 1888, p. 8 and April 28, 1888, p. 8)</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, April 14, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, April 28, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily City Item, </em><strong>“Factors’ and Traders’ Insurance Company”</strong>, November 8, 1878.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Died </strong>[Mrs. Samuel Friedlander]<strong>”</strong>, September 29, 1881.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Samuel Friedlander”</strong>, March 26, 1886.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“The Great Sale Today”</strong>, April 16, 1887.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, April 28, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The , </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, April 28, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>EARL B. FRIEDMAN</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Earl Benjamin Friedman</strong> (1908-1966) was born September 5, 1908, the son of Jacob Simon Friedman (1878-1937) and Mamie Klein (1887-1973). &nbsp;In the 1940s, he married <strong>Rose Frohlich</strong> (1909-1990), the daughter of Koppell Frohlich and Fanni Sporheim. &nbsp;Their children were: Jeffrey Kent Friedman (b. 1944) m. Barbara Lynn Robins in July 1965 and Dr. Ann R. Lorentson in October 1992, both in Houston, Texas; and Shirley Marlene Friedman m. Gary Martin Ericksen in Harrison County, Mississippi in July 1970.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Before he enlisted in the US Army in February 1943, Earl B. Friedman had made his livelihood in the Port Arthur, Texas area southeast of Houston, Texas as a floorman and floor manager of stores. &nbsp;He finished high school at Port Artur and had graduated from Columbia University. &nbsp;During WWII, Earl served in the ETO with the tank destroyers. The Friedman family relocated from Texas to Biloxi, Mississippi in 1946 and settled at 2230 West Beach Boulevard. &nbsp;At Biloxi, Mr. Friedman operated Morrison\'s Mens Shop until 1950 when he commenced Kent\'s Men\'s Store in the old Folkes Building on the SE/C of West Howard Avenue and Reynoir Street. &nbsp;When the building was damaged by fire on Christmas Eve 1964, Earl B. Friedman did not reopen.<em>(The Daily Herald, April 14, 1966, p. 1) &nbsp;</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Rose F. Friedman was a member of the Biloxi School Board from 1967-1975. &nbsp;She also served on the Board of Directors of the Mississippi Gulf Coast Chapter of the American Red Cross; Selective Service Board; and the Biloxi American Revolution Bicentennial Commission. &nbsp;Both she and Earl B. Friedman were renown for their philanthropic, civic and volunteer activities. &nbsp;Mrs. Friedman &nbsp;was a charter member of the Temple Beth Israel Congregation and first president of the Sisterhood of Beth Israel.<em>(The Sun Herald, March 22, 1990, p. C2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Earl B. Friedman expired at Biloxi, Mississippi on April 14, 1966. &nbsp;Rose Frohlich Friedman passed on March 21, 1990. Their corporal remains were interred in the Southern Memorial Park cemetery at Biloxi, Mississippi.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“</strong>[Earl B.]<strong> Friedman stricken, dies today”</strong>, April 14, 1966.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Rose F. Friedman”</strong>, March 22, 1990.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“”</strong>,</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>I. DANIEL GEHR</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>I. Daniel Gehr&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;(1895-1959) was born at Alexandria, Louisiana on July 19, 1895 to Gustave Carl Gehr (1858-1945), a German immigrant grocer, and Sarah Rosenthal&nbsp;(1868-1945). &nbsp;I. Daniel Gehr was a contractor at Alexandria in 1917 and arrived at Biloxi, Mississippi before 1930. He was a graduate of Tulane University. &nbsp;In 1930, Mr. Gehr resided on West Water Street as a tenant of Mrs. Cousins and remained single. &nbsp;In 1954, he was domiciled in the Earle Hotel [Avelez] and had an office in the old People\'s Bank Building.(1900 Rapides Parish, Louisiana Federal Census T623_577, p. 16B, ED 124 and 1930 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census R1146, p. 12B, ED 3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">At Biloxi in the 1940s, I. Daniel Gehr designed homes in Bay Terrace and planned the Biloxi Cash Store of Peter Cerinich (1894-1951) and Alena Sekul Cerinich (1908-2002) on West Howard Avenue and Seal Avenue. &nbsp;In 1941,&nbsp;<strong>I. Daniel Gehr</strong>&nbsp;supervised the construction of the warehouse, fabricating buiulding, loft and drafting buildings, general offices, and work sheds for the Westergard Boat Works on Back Bay. &nbsp;He was credited with planning the 1959 Negro High School (Nicholls?); the West End Elementary School and its 1959 addition; and an addition to the Perkins Negro School. &nbsp;John T. Collins (1904-1985), Biloxi architect, took over Mr. Gehr\'s school projects after his July 1959 demise.(The Daily Herald, April 27, 1940, p. 3,&nbsp;April 29, 1940, p. 2, September 20, 1941, p. 3, and&nbsp;July 22, 1959, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">I. Daniel Gehr expired at Biloxi, Mississippi on July 22, 1959. &nbsp;His corporal remains were interred in the Jewish Cemetery at Pineville, Rapides Parish, Louisiana. &nbsp;He was survivied by two sisters, Bella Gehr (1890-1983) m.&nbsp;Eugene Levy;&nbsp;Rose Gehr (1887-1975) m. Harry Simon;&nbsp;and Miles Carl Gehr (1904-1993), a brother. &nbsp;All lived in Alexandria, Louisiana.(The Daily Herald, July 22, 1959, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\">\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Modern plant built by Biloxi Port Commission”</strong>, September 20, 1941.</span></span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>MOODY GRISHMAN</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Moody Grishman (1913-2008) was born at Houston, Texas on October 20, 1913.&nbsp; His parents were Benjamin Grishman and Annie Grishman.&nbsp; He married Elizabeth Cowan (1914-2002) on March 20, 1942.&nbsp; She was the daughter of Decatur Douglas ‘D.D.’ Cowan (1850-1929) and Mary Hermina Jonte (18-19), the daughter of Joseph H. Jonte (1844-1935) and Mary Harriett Delmas (1848-1906) of Pascagoula, Mississippi.(The History of Jackson Co., Mississippi, 1989, p. 174)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Moody Grishman and Elizabeth Cowan met in the romantic Vieux Carre\' at New Orleans where she had gone to complete her training as a nurse anesthetist. &nbsp;Her prior education had been at Mississippi City High School and Perkinston Junior College. &nbsp;Shortly after their wedding, the young couple relocated to the Mississippi Coast where Moody established Moody\'s Tradewinds Restaurant at Mississippi City. &nbsp;The September 1947 Hurricane destroyed his business which led his entree into real estate and insurance at Biloxi. Here four Grishman children were reared: Melanie Hermina Grishman m. Nedro G. Parker and Herman J. Flax; David Benjamin Grishman m. Kay Ellen Kulman; Naomi Grishman; and Milton Charles Grishman m. Roberta Jean Avila.(The Sun Herald, March 22, 2002, p. A7 and January 8, 2008, p. A4)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Hurricane Camille in 1969 led Moody Grishman to focus his resources on real estate brokerage opportunities and abandon insurance. &nbsp;As proprietor of Moody Grishman Agency, Incorporated, he earned the respect of his clients and the community for his integrity and service. &nbsp;Mr. Grishman seved as president of the Mississippi Association of Realtors in 1967-1968; named Realtor Emeritus by the National Association of Realtors for his fifty years of service; served as president of the Biloxi-Ocean Springs Board of realtors from 1956-1961; and served on the Biloxi Planning Commission from 1966-1977.(The Sun Herald, January 8, 2008, p. A4) &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Moody and Elizabeth C. Grishman were fouding members of the Congregation Beth Israel where Mrs. Grishman served as president of the Sisterhood. &nbsp;Moody served on the first building committee and was later selected as president of the Congregation.(The Sun Herald,&nbsp;March 22, 2002, p. A7 and&nbsp;January 8, 2008, p. A4) &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><u>The History of Jackson County, Mississippi</u>, “Cowan Family”</strong>,(Jackson County Genealogical Society: Pascagoula, Mississippi-1989).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Elizabeth Cowan Grishman”</strong>, March 22, 2002.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Moody Grishman”</strong>, January 8, 2008.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Grishman leaves legacy of synagogue, green beer”</strong>, January 8, 2008.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Heidenheim%2C%20Isodore.jpg\" style=\"height:429px; width:250px\" /></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ISIDORE HEIDENHEIM</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Isidore Heidenheim</strong> (1857-1918) was born at New Orleans, Louisiana on December 2, 1857 to Moses Heidenheim (1825-1907) and Babette Fertel (1830-1900).&nbsp; His parents were immigrants from Hesse-Denmark in 1847 and 1849 respectively.&nbsp; Moses Heidenheim made his livelihood in the 10<sup>th</sup> Ward at New Orleans as a retain dry goods merchant.&nbsp; By 1900, Moses and Babette had relocated to Jackson Avenue and he continued in the sale of notions.&nbsp; Here he and Babette reared a large family: Carolina ‘Carrie’ Heidenheim (1851-1913) m. Cerf Sampson (1839-1900+); Josephine Heidenheim (1853-1929) m. Heymann; Celestine Heidenheim (1855-1932); Isidore Heidenheim (1857-1918); August Heidenheim (1860-1914) m. Sarah Marks; Simon Heidenheim (1864-1934); Daniel Heidenheim (1865-pre 1870); Emmanuel Heidenheim (1866-1927); and Sarah ‘Selma’ Heidenheim (1871-1916) m. Emmanuel Levy (1861-1900+).(</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Home and Family</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Isidore Heidenheim married Anna Eve Riego (1874-1931) in Harrison County, Mississippi in August 1907.&nbsp; She was a school teacher and the daughter of Pedro Riego (1846-1895), a Spanish immigrant, and Anna C. Ortiz (1848-1922) of New Orleans.&nbsp; Miss Riego was reared on Spain Street in the Crescent City where her family made and classified tobacco and cigars.(Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 19, p. 174, <em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, August 15, 1907, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Politics</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Isidore Heidenheim was elected to Biloxi’s city government</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Barataria%20plant-1895.jpg\" /></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[from <strong>Along The Gulf</strong>-ca 1895]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Barataria Canning Company</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Jewish Principals</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Barataria Canning Company was chartered to operate in the State of Mississippi on April 4, 1885.&nbsp; The incorporators were: Simon Gumble (1832-1909), Isidore Heidenheim (1852-1918), William H. Lengsfield (1851-1925), Isidore Hechinger (1857-1927), and Harry Edwards (1860-1929).(Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Chattel Deed Book 20, p. 462)</span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<h3>&nbsp;</h3>\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In April 1915, the charter of the company was amended as the capital stock was set at $100,000 and preferred stock at $125,000.&nbsp; 7% dividend paid to preferred stock holders?&nbsp; At this time, Daniel J. Gay (1870-1949) was president and Lazaro J. Lopez (1877-1918) the secretary-treasurer of the Barataria Canning Company.(Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Chattel Deed Book 15, p. 181)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The initial incorporators of the Barataria Canning Company were primarily Jewish businessmen from New Orleans, Louisiana.&nbsp; <strong>Simon Gumble</strong> (1834-1909) was a cotton factor and broker in the Crescent City operating as S. Gumble &amp; Company.&nbsp; His office was situated at 192 Gravier Street and his home address was 264 Prytania Street.&nbsp; Simon had married Sophia Lengsfield (1862-1916).&nbsp; They were the parents of: <strong>Horace Gumble</strong> (1865-1916+); <strong>Florence Gumble</strong> (1867-1916+) m. Isidore Hechinger (1857-1927); <strong>Henry E. Gumble</strong> (1869-1950?); <strong>Cora Gumble</strong> (1872-1930) m. Simon Moses; <strong>Ophelia Gumble</strong> (1873-1916+) m. Edward I. Godchaux (1867-1926); <strong>Beulah Gumble</strong> (1879-1916+) m. Eli Joseph; <strong>Joseph Gumble</strong> (1882); <strong>Lester Gumble</strong> (1882-1916+); and <strong>Elsie Gumble</strong> (1884-1900+).</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Simon Gumble had been born in April 1834 in Bavaria and immigrated to the United States in 1848.&nbsp; By 1860, he was a merchant at Livonia, Pointe Coupee, Parish, Louisiana and holding real estate valued at $9000.&nbsp; Relocating to New Orleans, he married Sophia Lengsfield in</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1895, Charles L. Dyer wrote <strong><u>Along The Gulf</u></strong> for the L&amp;N Railroad.&nbsp; While at Biloxi, Mississippi, he wrote the following about the Barataria Canning Company:<strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>This company was organized about ten years ago by New Orleans parties, the officers being H.R. Gogreve, president; I. Hechinger, vice-president; H. Bentz, treasurer; I. Heidenheim, secretary, and H. Edwards, manager.&nbsp; Of these, only the two later gentlemen reside in Biloxi Mr. Edwards having the active management of the operating department of the business, while Mr. Heidenheim has charge of the office in addition to that of already stated of secretary.&nbsp; To this company Biloxi is indebted for many ideas regarding the profitable up-building of the canning industry.&nbsp; The Barataria Canning Company makes a specialty of shipping raw oysters in lots to suit to all parts of the United States, and also handle large quantities of picked shrimp.&nbsp; They are also packers of oysters and shrimp, putting up many brands which are favorably known throughout the country and portions of Europe.&nbsp; One of those brands of pickled shrimp known as “ready Lunch” is a departure from the old methods of canning shrimps dry, these being put in a liquid of delicious flavor and making them very popular both for table use and for picnics, lunch, parties, etc.&nbsp; Another brand called “Pride of the Gulf”, put up dry in the muslin bag has a large sale also, these being used primarily for salads, mayonnaise, etc.&nbsp; The pickled shrimps are prepared by a process entirely their own.&nbsp; In addition to this the company cans special and private brands of oysters.&nbsp; During the busy season this factory employs about 400 hands, 200 of which are employed upon the boats, handling the raw products while 200are kept busy in the factory.&nbsp; Many of these people are brought from Baltimore and are returned to their homes at the close of the season should they wish it, at the expense of the company.&nbsp; The Barataria Company however, has built a large house capable of accommodating 35 families or 175 persons, when the workmen wish to remain in Biloxi between seasons, they are given rooms rent free.&nbsp; Many families, as a matter of course avail themselves of their privilege.&nbsp; The Barataria Canning Company were the first to introduce shell culture for the propagation of oysters in this part of the country and have been successful in their venture, which affords fresh stock for raw trade.&nbsp; This company has an oyster plant under cultivation in this manner of about 100,000 barrels and it is from this plant that the major portion of their supplies are drawn.&nbsp; In the oyster department of this business alone, this factory has a capacity for handling 800 to 1000 barrels per day, and as their pay roll runs from $3000 to $4000 a week during the greater portion of the year, some idea of the magnitude of the business done may be obtained as well as from the picture of the plant taken by our artist. &nbsp;</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1891 New Factory</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The&nbsp;<strong>Barataria Canning Company completed their new plant on Point Cadet in July.</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;It was 37,500 feet in area [750 long and 50 feet wide], which included living quarters for fifty families. &nbsp;The facilit had a shrimp house, boiler house and coal shed, labor quarters, shucking house, and packing room. &nbsp;The factory at this time had about 600 employees with 400 working directly in the cannery and 200 on the water. &nbsp;The plant hoist had the capacity to lift 2000 barrels of oysters each day. &nbsp;The company board consisted of: H.R. Gogreve, president; Isidore Heidenheim, vice-president and secretary; H. Bentz, treasurer; August Heidenheim; and H. Aron. &nbsp;H. Edwards Jr. was plant superintendent.(The Biloxi Herald, July 11, 1891, p. 4)</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1891 fire</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The engine room of the Barataria Canning Company burned in early September 1891.&nbsp; Damage was estimated at $1000 and the plant was disabled for a few days.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, September 12, 1891, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Baltimore labor</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In late October 1892, Harry Edwards and W.K.M. Dukate of Lopez, Dunbar’s Sons &amp; Company left Biloxi for Baltimore.&nbsp; They were seeking migrant workers for the coming canning season.&nbsp; Edwards and Dukate anticipated some three hundred workers to return with them.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, October 22, 1892, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1902</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>This is one of the largest industries on the Gulf Coast, and its product has a worldwide reputation.&nbsp; The company’s plant is 200x1500 feet, the buildings covering 30,000 feet of ground space.&nbsp; This company employs 400 to 500 people, and have ample room for every business purpose.&nbsp; They are large shippers of raw oysters and pickled shrimp, their oyster capacity being 150,000 cans per day.&nbsp; The following are the brands of oysters they pack and ship.&nbsp; “Barataria”; “Favorite”; “Eureka”; “Excelsior”; and the “Pride of the Gulf” shrimp.&nbsp; The product of this company is handled by the principal jobbing firms of the United States, and they guarantee all of their goods to be equal to any in every way</em></strong>.(<u>The Biloxi Daily Herald, Business and Professional Men</u>,1902, pp. 21-22)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1906</strong></span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Coast Concrete Construction Company</strong></span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Coast Concrete Construction Company was incorporated in June 1906 by I. Heidenheim, pres.; G.M. Tappan.(The Biloxi Daily Herlad, June 23, 1906, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h3>\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Figs Wanted</strong></span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In July 1906, the Barataria Canning Company had the following Biloxi merchants acquiring figs for their summer canning operation: E. Glennan; J.S. Wentzell; Tony Raymond; W.H. Gilder; Walter Gillen; Henry Diaz; and John Skinner;&nbsp; Peter Lepre was their buyer in North Biloxi.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 4, 1906, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1910</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In mid-June 1910, Henry R. Gogreve (1853-1910), vice-president of the Barataria Canning Company expired at New Orleans.&nbsp; Isidore Heidenheim (1852-1918) left Biloxi to attended his unreal which was held in the Crescent City, on June 18, 1910.<em>(The Daily Herald, June 17, 1910, p. 8)</em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1912</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Seafood Company of Biloxi</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Isidore Heidenheim resigned as manager of the Barataria Canning Company in September 1912.&nbsp; He planned to remain in Biloxi and as a manufacturer’s agent, commercial adjuster, and realty and insurance agent.&nbsp; With Henry E. Gumbel (1869-1950?) of New Orleans as president, Edward Glennan (1854-1933), vice president, and Louis Goldman (1883-1920+), attorney, both of Biloxi, Isidore Heidenheim founded the Sea Food Company of Biloxi in May 1913.&nbsp; Mr. Heidenheim served as manger and secretary of the new cannery which was located on the Point of Biloxi.<em>(The Daily Herald, September 19, 1912, p. 1 and May 26, 1913, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h3>\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Henry Champlin</strong></span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Almost immediately after the resignation of Mr. Heidenheim, Henry C. Champlin was hired as the accounting manager of the packing company.&nbsp; Mr. Champlin had <em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“</strong>Izard at Handsboro.<em>(The Daily Herald, October 16, 1912, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1913</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In July 1913, the Barataria Canning Company advertised for figs.&nbsp; They offered to pay the “highest market price”.<em>(The Daily Herald, July 3,1913, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1914</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Louisiana labor</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In July 1914, the Barataria Canning Company made a radical change in the migrant labor practices of Biloxi by bringing in a small group of Louisiana strawberry pickers, primarily of French ancestry, to labor in their plant on Point Cadet.&nbsp; Seasonal workers were normally brought to Biloxi from the Baltimore area.&nbsp; The newcomers were domiciled in the Barataria factory camps.<em>(The Daily Herald, July 25, 1914, p. 2)</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><u>The Biloxi Daily Herald, Business and Professional Men</u></strong>, <strong><em>‘Barataria Canning Company’</em></strong>, (The Biloxi Daily Herald: Biloxi, Mississippi-1902).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Charles L. Dyer, <strong><u>Along The Gulf</u></strong>, (Women of the Trinity Episcopal Church:&nbsp; Pass Christian-1971.&nbsp; Originally published in 1895).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Journals</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Court Notes”</strong>, January 11, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Circuit Court”</strong>, May 31, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Warning”</strong>, June 7, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Barataria Canning Co.”</strong>, July 11, 1891.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“New Officers”</strong>, February 18, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Chancery Summons No. 799”</strong>, December 5, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Ott Bothers win”</strong>, February 9, 1904.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Heidenheim-Riego”</strong>, August 15, 1907.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Second cannery for Alabama”</strong>,</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Barataria Company desires no law suit”</strong>, November 15, 1910.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“The new administration of the City of Biloxi”</strong>, January 4, 1911.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Heidenheim resigns as manager of the Barataria Canning Company”</strong>, September 19, 1912.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Henry Champlin at the Barataria”</strong>, October 16, 1912.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Orleanian dies </strong>[August Heidenheim]<strong>; prominent in insurance field”</strong>, February 26, 1914.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Known in Biloxi </strong>[Joseph E. Generelly]<strong>”, </strong>December 9, 1914.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi loses well known canner”</strong>, October 28, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Funeral </strong>[Anna C. Riego] <strong>held this morning”</strong>, August 9, 1922.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Personal and general notes”</strong>, April 4, 1889.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>HERSH</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Ralph Hersh</strong> (1913-1985) owned and operated the Sol Frank Company, a clothing and shoe store, on West Howard Avenue. &nbsp;He married Vivian ? (1917-1996) and they resided at 146 Iberville in Biloxi, Mississippi with their children: Iris Hersh (b. 1943) m. Mr. Stansfield and Seth Hersh (b. 1945). &nbsp;Ralph Hersh was born February 19, 1913 and Vivian Hersh May 26, 1917. &nbsp;Vivian Hersh was credit manager for the Sol Frank Company and later worked for Mary Mahoney\'s Old French Restaurant. &nbsp;Ralph Hersh expired at Biloxi on February 29, 1985 while Vivian lived until July 10, 1996. &nbsp;They both worshiped at Temple Beth Israel and their corporal remains were interred in the South Memorial Park cemetery in Biloxi, Mississippi.<em>(The Sun Herald, July 11, 1996, p. C2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Iris Hersh graduated from Biloxi High School in May 1961 and matriculated to Trinity University at San Antonio, Texas. Her business career with the exception of a year with the Pan American Oil Company in Texas was in government service. After eighteen months with the FBI, Iris attended the Foreign Service Institute at Washington, D.C. in&nbsp;February 1967. After graduation in July 1967, she was assigned to the American Embassy in Paraguay. &nbsp;She married Mr. Stansfield and they later resided in Springfield, Virginia. &nbsp;No further information.<em>(The Daily Herald, July 15, 1967, p. 10)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Seth Hersh, also attended Biloxi High School, and in 1970 graduated from the University of Alabama in Petroleum Engineeering where he was president of the Engineering School. &nbsp;Seth was employed with the Atlantic Richfield Company in Djakarta, Indonesia in the early 1970s. &nbsp;Here he acquired an extensive holding of rare Indonesian textiles from the late 19th century to the 1940s and marketed it as Batikat. &nbsp;After his career in the petroleum industry closed, Seth relocated to the greater New York City region and became involved with large-scale database and website design working with Ghiek and Insight Out of Chaos. &nbsp;No further information.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Sol Frank”</strong>, December 8, 1957.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“New secretary for embassy in Paraguay”</strong>, July 15, 1967.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Vivian Hersh”</strong>, Julu 11, 1996.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“”</strong>,</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>PHILLIP W. LEVINE</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Phillip William Levine (1889-1940) came to the United States from East Prussia, now a part of Russia, arriving at NYC in June 1900 from Hamburg, Germany.&nbsp; He married Jeanette Alexander (1892-1940+) at NOLA in August 1912.&nbsp; They were the parents of Arthur Levine (1913-1940+); Norman Levine (1917-1985) m. Imogene Clifton (1930-2006); Freeda B. Levine (1919-2002) m. Erwin Crabtree (1914-1986); Louis Levine (1920-1975); Leonard Levine (1920-1981); and Bellman Levine (1925-1972).&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Phillip W. Levine came to Biloxi about 1912 as a peddler and by 1917 had settled at 123 Washington Avenue and was in the junk business.&nbsp; Arthur Levine, his eldest son was born in the Crescent City.&nbsp; By the fall of 1919, Mr. Levine had two shoe stores operating on the Mississippi Gulf Coast at Biloxi and Gulfport.&nbsp; His slogan was <strong><em>‘we do not believe in profiteering’</em></strong>.&nbsp; Levine’s entrepreneurship continued unabated as by February 1930, he had stores at Biloxi, Bay St. Louis, Poplarville, and Magee, Mississippi.&nbsp; The Magee store was his latest addition as he acquired the stock of the D.F. Hilburn General Merchandising Store.&nbsp; Ernest Henley (1908-1984) of his Biloxi store was sent to Magee to manage that enterprise.<em>(The Daily Herald, February 16, 1940, p. 1, October 3, 1919, p. 2 and February 5, 1930, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Bolton Building</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In October 1901, P. J. Gillen and Bert C. Gillen, contractors, from Birmingham, Alabama began erecting the Bolton Building at 138 West Howard Avenue for Dr. Walter T. Bolton. &nbsp;&nbsp;Dr. Bolton had his offices and residence here until about 1920 when the family relocated to West Beach and Porter Avenue.&nbsp; By May 1902, the Gillens had returned to Alabama.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, November 28, 1901, p. 8, March 20, 1902, p. 8 and May 9, 1902, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The original facade of the Bolton building has long disappeared from the streetscape of West Howard Avenue.&nbsp; Mrs. W.T. Bolton, after she became a widow, sold the structure to Phillip W. Levine, a Russian Jewish immigrant, in January 1924 for $15,000.&nbsp; Through the years, the building has been utilized a Woolsworth variety store, a hardware store, &nbsp;and other commercial enterprises.(The Daily Herald, February 16, 1940, p. 1 and Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Trust Deed Bk. 35, p. 187 and &nbsp;Bk. 55, p. 445)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In May 1981, the Bolton Building, known as 759 Vieux Marche at this, was acquired by Biloxi attorneys, Lyle M. Page [30%], Fred Manino [30%], Ronald G. Peresich [30%] and Paul J. Delcambre Jr. [10%] from Nathaniel B. Rosenberg and A. Charles Rosenberg.&nbsp; Mr. Delcambre sold his 10% interest to the other principals in January 1989.( 2<sup>nd</sup> JD Land Deed Bk. 114, 235, and 2<sup>nd</sup> JD Land Deed Bk. 205, p. 483)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Phillip W. Levine also acquired commercial real estate in Biloxi and Gulfport.&nbsp; At one time, he was a partner in the Hotel Biloxi ownership.&nbsp; Eventually, the Levine proprietorship had retail stores at Pascagoula, Moss Point, Woodville, Centerville, Greenwood and Hammond and Independence in Louisiana.&nbsp; At the time of his demise on February 15, 1940, Mr. Levine was in business in Bay St. Louis and was involved with fur and pecan enterprises. &nbsp;Rabbi Alfred Moses of Mobile, Alabama held services for Mr. Levine and Magnolia Lodge of Masons also conducted graveside services in 6th Addition at the Biloxi Cemetery.<em>(The Daily Herald, February 16, 1940, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Phillip W. Levine </strong>[advertisement]<strong>”</strong>, October 3, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Levine buys Magee store”</strong>, February 5, 1930.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Levine succumbs to short illness”</strong>, February 16, 1940.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>MAURICE M. LEVY</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Maurice Moise Levy (1840-1913) was born at Nancy, France on June 2, 1840.&nbsp; He came to America in 1865 settling at Louisville, Kentucky.&nbsp; Relocating to NOLA, Mr. Levy worked as clerk and in June 1888 married Zelia Lopez-Silva (1859-1926), a Louisiana native.&nbsp; Maurice and Zelia were the parents of four daughters: Dephine Levy (1890-1926+) m. Emmanuel Steeg (1882-1926+); Clely Levy (1892-1926+); Alice Lervin Levy (1894-1926+) m. Marx Cohen (1894-1926+); and Louise Levy (1899-1926+).<em>(The Daily Picayune, May 5, 1913, p. 6 </em>and 1910 Harrison Co., Mississippi T624_740, p. 3A, ED 35)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Red Star Store-Biloxi</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">As early as March 1900,Maurice M. Levy began advertising The Red Star Store in <em>The Biloxi Daily Herald</em>.&nbsp; It appears that the Levy family came to Biloxi in early 1900 and opened their Red Star Store on West Howard Avenue next to Dukate’s Theatre.&nbsp; He was the agent for the new home sewing machine.&nbsp; By the fall of 1903, its stock had grown to include: clothing, furnishing goods and a complete line of dry goods.&nbsp; During the brief yellow fever scare in the summer of 1905, Mr. Levy sold mosquito bars ranging in price from 50 cents to $3.98.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 7, 1905, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Relocation</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Maurice M. Levy moved his store location at Biloxi in January 1910.&nbsp; It is assumed that the Red Star Store went from its site on West Howard Avenue next to Dukate’s Theatre to its new home on West Howard and Delaunay Street.&nbsp; There was more floor space at this locale.&nbsp; This building may have been the Tucei Building, which was occupied by the Morgan Furniture Company in May 1913.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 24, 1910. P. 8 and May 5, 1913, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Close out sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In January 1911, Maurice M. Levy’s health began to fail and he advertised to sell his business including the entire stock, shelving, and silent show cases at a bargain for a ‘quick’ sale.&nbsp; The Levys retired to the Crescent City with their children and settled at 2707 Carondelet Street.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Demise</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Maurice M. Levy passed on May 4, 1913 at NOLA.&nbsp; He was remembered at Biloxi as an active member of the Commercial Club and a Mason.&nbsp; Mrs. Levy lived to September 22, 1926 and died at her home on Carondelet Street.&nbsp; Their corporal remains were interred in the Dispersed of Judah Cemetery at New Orleans.<em>(The Daily Herald, May 5, 1913, p. 5, The Daily Picayune May 5, 1913, and The Times Picayune, September 23, 1926, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“The Red Star Store”</strong>, March 31, 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Among Herald Advertisers”</strong>, October 6, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“The Red Star Store”</strong>, September 7, 1905.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi News Paragraphs of Interest”</strong>, January 24, 1910.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“A Good Business opportunity”</strong>, January 25, 1911.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Former Biloxi Merchant dies”</strong>, May 5, 1913.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Maurice M. Levy”</strong>, May 5, 1913.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune, </em><strong>“</strong>[Zelia] <strong>Levy”</strong>, September 23, 1926.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>SAMUEL LEVY</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Samuel ‘Sam’ Levy (1864-1935) was born at NOLA in October 1864.&nbsp; He married Theresa Levy (1865-1941?), also a native of the Crescent City in February 1887.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In April 1903, Sam was employed as a salesman with Kahn, Weil Company of New Orleans and came to Biloxi to take orders and make sales.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 22, 1903, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Children: Carrie Levy (1889-1973) m. Jake Marks; Leo Levy (1889-1965); Lazar Levy (1892-1976); and Selma Levy Laser (1897-1976)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“”</strong>, , .</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“”</strong>, , .</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, April 22, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>VICTOR LEVY</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Victor Levy married Pauline Rosenthal (1853-1935), a native of Paris, France.&nbsp; Father Gates Rosenthal, former world chess champion.&nbsp; Children: Albert Levy, Wolfe Levy, Leon Levy, Alex Levy, Josephine Levy Green, and Bertha Levy m. Dr. Leon Block.&nbsp; Buried Orthodox Cemetery at NOLA services by Rabbi Goldberg.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Victor Levy dies”</strong>, February 28, 1935.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Leon Levy”</strong>, July 4, 1976.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>AUSTIN H. MORITZ and JOHN R. MORITZ</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In late March 1949, Austin H. Moritz (1917-1991) and John R. Moritz (1921-2008), two brothers born in rural Nebraska, established Austin\'s-a ladies, infanys, boys and girls apparel store at 212 West Howard Avenue.&nbsp; Austin Moritz had managed the Rosenblum Store for the past 2 1/2 years.&nbsp; John Moritz had established Tot\'s and Teen\'s at 212 West Howard in 1948 and this store was remodeled and opened as Austin\'s on March 31, 1949.(The Daily Herald, March 29, 1949, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“New store </strong>[Austin\'s]<strong> to open Thursday</strong><strong>”</strong>, March 29, 1949.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“”</strong>, , .&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>RABBI ALFRED G. MOSES</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Alfred G. Moses (1878-1930+) was a rabbi located at Mobile, Alabama with Congregation Shaari Shumayim. &nbsp;He served the Jewish Community of the Mississippi Gulf Coast for many years.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The&nbsp; Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Stone County”</strong>, October 13, 1916.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Jewish services at the Elks Club by Rabbi Moses”</strong>, July 20, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“25 Jewish sailors Dr. Moses guests”</strong>, September 7, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Collecting for Jewish Relief”</strong>, September 25, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Dr. and Mrs. Moses return to Biloxi”</strong>, September 25, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Jewish Welfare board may send man home’</strong>, January 6, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Moses elected Rabbi”</strong>, February 10, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Bay St. Louis postmaster visits Biloxi”</strong>, March 29, 1920.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BERNARD PICARD</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Bernard Picard (1853-1896) was born in the Alsace-Lorraine region of northeastern France.&nbsp; He immigrated to Louisiana and in March 1878 at New Orleans, Bernard married Sarah Levy (1859-1927).&nbsp; She was born May 25, 1859, at New Orleans, the daughter of Moses Levy (1809-1897) and Henriette Oury (1828-1907), both French immigrants.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Bernard Picard family came to Biloxi circa 1889.&nbsp; Here Mr. Picard opened his first store, <strong>Picard’s Cheap Cash Store</strong>, vending clothing for men, women and children, as well as hats and notions.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, December 21, 1889, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By 1892, Mr. Bernard had named his mercantile enterprise ‘<strong>The Mammoth Store’</strong>. &nbsp;In April 1892, Mr. Picard planned a three month business venture to Europe. &nbsp;He had aspirations of acquiring items and goods that would be of utility and interest to his Biloxi clientele. &nbsp;Mrs. Picard would operate the Biloxi business in his absence.(The Biloxi Herald, April 23, 1892, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1893-Gulf Hills</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>The Felix Rodrigues Place</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In March 1893, <strong>Felix Rodriguez</strong>&nbsp;(1842-1897) sold his two acres in present day Gulf Hills to <strong>Sarah Picard</strong> (1859-1927) and relocated to New Orleans where he passed on January 15, 1897. &nbsp;After her husband passed, Mrs. Picard conveyed this tract to in March 1904 to Eugene Lonlier.(Jackson County, Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 15, p. 18 &nbsp;and Deed Bk. 27, pp. 588-589)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>1894 Fire</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The October Fire of 1894 resulted in the complete destruction of the Picard store and merchandise. &nbsp;Bless Tucei allowed the Picards to utilize one-half of his large store space on West Howard until they rebuilt on their former store site. &nbsp;Mr. S. Picard had left for NOLA to acquire new stock for the temporary quarters.(The Biloxi Herald, October 20, 1894, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1895, Sam Picard opened another dry goods store at Gulfport and was alternating his time between the two cities. The Gulfport store opened in early October 1895. &nbsp;Picard by this time had established&nbsp;Picard\'s Emporium, a dry goods store, located in the Eistetter Building on Howard Avenue at Magnolia Street.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, December 14, 1895, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Entrepreneur</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Bernard Picard was aggressive and active in investing his profits in other business ventures.A branch of the American Building, Loan, and Tontine Savings Association of Memphis opened at Biloxi in 1890.&nbsp; Sam Picard was president and on the board of directors of the Biloxi branch.&nbsp; Serving with him on the board were: Al Pilsbury, sec.-treas.; Antoine Bellande (1829-1918); Peter Dejean; and E. DeLamarre.&nbsp; John L. Henley was the attorney and Thomas H. Gleason served as vice-president.(<em>The Biloxi Herald, June 21, 1890, p. 4)</em>.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In March 1896, just before his demise, Bernard Picard was a charter member of the People’s Bank of Biloxi. &nbsp;Mr. Picard expired on May 23, 1896, of stomach cancer at his 128 Main Street residence.&nbsp; His remains were interred at New Orleans.(<em>The Biloxi Herald, May 23, 1896, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Picard’s Emporium</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Picard\'s Emporium, a dry goods store, was located in the Eistetter Building on Howard Avenue at Magnolia.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>128 Main Street</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Picard family established their Biloxi residence on the east side of Main Street between Front Street [Beach Boulevard] and Water Street inJanuary 1894. At this time, Sarah L. Picard acquired from John Wesley Treloar (1846-1897) and Marie Josephine Devaille Treloar (1852-1928), the daughter of Aristede Devaille and Adele Aline Quere (1814-1900), a lot and improvements with thirty-seven feet on Main Street and running east to Grand Jack Alley or Elmer Street, which today is called Dukate Street.&nbsp; The consideration was $1400.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 29, p. 558)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In November 1894, Mrs. Picard acquired from the Treloar family another lot and improvements on Main Street south of her January 1894 acquisition.&nbsp; This tract had seventy-three feet on Main Street and ran east to Elmer Street.&nbsp; It would become known as 128 Main Street and the Picard residence.&nbsp; Mrs. Picard’s paid $2500 for this property.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 32, p. 28)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/picard house-128 main street.JPG\" style=\"height:198px; width:300px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>PICARD HOUSE</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[128 Main Street- Biloxi, Mississippi. &nbsp;Courtesy of Larry Cosper and Kathleen Scholtes Cosper]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>New house</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">From the difference in the 1893 and 1898 Sanborn Maps of this area of Biloxi, it appears that a new house was erected at 128 Main Street during this time interval.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sarah L. Picard-retirement and demise</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Sarah Levy Picard managed the Picard commercial enterprises until her retirement in August 1918.&nbsp; For thirty years, the Picard family business had been considered one of Biloxi’s most profitable. &nbsp;She died at the French Hospital at new Orleans on March 7, &nbsp; 1927. &nbsp;Mrs. Picard was lauded for excellence in commere by the Biloxi press as <em><strong>\"the mercantile business in Biloxi known as one of the most profitable of the Howard Avenue enterprises\"</strong></em>. &nbsp;Her corporal remians were interred in the Gates of Prayer Cemetery No. 2 on Joseph Street at New Orleans with those of her spouse.(The Daily Herald, March 8, 1927, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sarah’s Will</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On January 8, 1927, Sarah Levy Picard executed her will at Biloxi, Mississippi as follows: To Julius M. Picard Fernandez (1916-1983),a grandson, $6000 to be kept in trust until his 24<sup>th</sup> year.&nbsp; To Reine Picard and Ruby Picard her home and a small cottage in Biloxi known as 128 and 124 Main Street respectively. To Gertrude Picard Newman and Ruby Picard her jewelry.&nbsp; To granddaughters, Freda A. Schwartz and Hermine Levy, each $200 to purchase jewelry.&nbsp; To Bernard M. Picard, a grandson, $200.&nbsp; To Reine Picard all furnishings, fixtures, linens, draperies, silverware, constituting the furnishings of my home in Biloxi.&nbsp; The remainder of my estate is to be divided equally between Sam Picard, my executor, Gertrude Newman, Blanche Levy, and Sophie Schwartz.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">At the time of her demise, Mrs. Picard possessed eight tracts of land, primarily in Biloxi.&nbsp; She also owned seven shares of the Biloxi B &amp; Loans Co.; five shares of Reliance Homestead Association of New Orleans; and one share of Bethlehem Steel.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Chancery Court Will Bk. 6, p. 23)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Picard children</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Bernard and Sarah Levy Picard were the parents of seven children. Reine Picard (1879-1943); Sophie Picard (1881-1979) m. Kassel Schwartz (1862-1921); Gertrude Picard (1885-1949) m. Jacob ‘Jack’ Newman; and Blanche Picard (1887-1975) m. Simon E. Levy (1882-pre-1927), were born in Louisiana.&nbsp; Their only son, Samuel Picard (1883-1964) m. Minnie Meyer (1883-1974), was born in France.&nbsp; It appears that the Picards resided in France for several years before returning to Louisiana by February 1885.&nbsp; Two daughters, Florence ‘Flossie’ Picard (1891-1916) m. Dr. Julius Raymond Fernandez of NOLA and Thibodeaux, Louisiana and Ruby Picard (1893-1984) were born in Biloxi.&nbsp; A niece of French birth, Sarah Black (1878-1900+), resided with the Picards in 1900. (1900 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census T623_808, p. 5A, ED 30).&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">__________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Reine or Rene Picard</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Reine Picard</strong> (1879-1943) was born at New Orleans on March 16, 1879.&nbsp; She expired at Thibodeaux, Louisiana in late August 1943 while under the care of Dr. Julius M. Fernandez (1916-1983), her nephew.&nbsp; At this time, her siblings were situated as follows: Sam Picard and Sophie P. Schwartz were at Birmingham, Alabama.&nbsp; Mr. Jack Newman and Mrs. Sol Levy were domiciled at Philadelphia and Ruby Picard was at Biloxi managing the Gulf View Inn on East Beach.<em>(The Daily Herald, August 25, 1943, p. 8).</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">_________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sophia Picard</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sophia P. ‘Sophie’ Schwartz</strong> (1881-1979), a New Orleans native, was the daughter of Bernard Picard (1853-1896) and Sarah Levy Picard (1859-1927).&nbsp; She married Kassel Schwartz (1862-1921) of St. Martinville, Louisiana on March 10, 1903, at her mother\'s 128 Main Street residence.&nbsp; Dr. Max Heller of New Orleans officiated.&nbsp; After a wedding trip to Pensacola and other Florida points, the newly weds resided at St. Martinville were Mr. Schwartz was a leading merchant.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, March 11, 1903, p. 6).</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Kassel Schwartz was born October 18, 1862 at Jarostan, Austria.&nbsp; He immigrated to the United States in 1880 and had settled on Main Street in St. Martinville, St. Martin Parish, Louisiana in 1888 where he made his livelihood as a retail dry goods merchant.&nbsp; Two children, Freda Schwartz (1907-1981) m. Hyman Rosenberg (1903-1988) and Bernard Schwartz (1911-1930+), were born of this union.&nbsp; Kassel Schwartz passed at St. Martinville on August 19, 1921.(1920 St. Martin Parish, Louisiana T625_631, p. 2B, ED 60)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">After the death of her spouse at St. Martinville, Sophie P. Schwartz returned to Biloxi, Mississippi.&nbsp; In March 1923, she acquired for $8500 from Mary E. Watt, the widow of John C. Watt (d.1922), a retired Presbyterian minister, the Everett-Blessey House, once popularly called the Fabacher House, and known today as Chateau Blessey. (HARCO, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 41, p. 694).&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Everett-Blessey House is located at 1012 West Beach Boulevard on a .39 acre lot (68 feet by 250 feet), which is situated east of the Biloxi Lighthouse in Section 32, T7S-R9W.&nbsp; This lot was originally part of the N.M. Benachi tract.&nbsp; Nicolas Marino Benachi was the Greek Consul at New Orleans.&nbsp; His summer home, which was destroyed by Hurricane Camille, was located a few lots east of the Robinson-Maloney House, also known as the Dantzler House.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In March 21, 1925, Sophie Picard Schwartz sold her home, which fronted on the Mississippi Sound, to Lawrence B. Fabacher for $13,500.(HARCO, Ms. Land Deed Bk.32, pp. 727-728).&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">This event was chronicled in Biloxi’s local journals as: <strong><em>Mrs. S.P. Schwartz, who has been making her home at 948 West Beach, this week closed a deal whereby Lawrence Fabacher of New Orleans becomes the owner and he and his families have moved back to Biloxi to reside.&nbsp; This is an eight room modern home which will be improved by Mr. Fabacher and is located in one of the best residential sections of Biloxi.</em></strong><em>(The Daily Herald, March 11, 1925, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Walter J. Blessey IV and Katherine Tarzana Blessey, his spouse, purchase the Everitt-Blessey House in June 1987.&nbsp; The structure was damaged by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005.&nbsp; In December 2007, Walter and Catherine T. Blessey announced that they would be opening a bed and breakfast in their newly remodeled home in the summer of 2008.&nbsp; The Blesseys now have three suites to let<em>.</em>(Harrison Co., Mississippi 2<sup>nd</sup> JD Land Deed Bk. 185, p. 392 and <em>The Sun Herald, December 16, 2007, p. G1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Gadsden, Alabama</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">It appears that Mrs. Schwartz relocated from Biloxi to Gadsden, Alabama to reside with Bernard Schwartz, her son, who was employed as bookkeeper and assistant manager with the Hersberg-Loveman Company, the largest department store in that city.&nbsp; Freda Schwartz, her daughter and the spouse of Hyman Rosenburg, also lived at Gadsden with their baby daughter.&nbsp; Mrs. Sophie Schwart&nbsp;returned to Biloxi circa 1929 to live indefinitely.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">After 1934, it appears that Sophia P. Schwartz left Biloxi again&nbsp;for Gadsden, Alabama where Freda Schwartz Rosenberg (1907-1981), her daughter was domiciled with her family.&nbsp; Freda had married Hyman Rosenberg (1903-1988), a Pennsylvania native of Jewish Russian parentage.&nbsp; Hyman was a salesman in a shoe store.&nbsp; He and Freda had one child born at Gadsden, Alabama before 1930, called Jeanne Rosenberg (1929-1930+). &nbsp;Kay Ellen Rosenberg (b. 1934), another daughter, was born at Gadsden, Alabama circa June 18, 1934.&nbsp; Sophie’s son, Bernard Schwartz (1911-1930+), was also in the Rosenberg household in 1930 working as a salesman for a mercantile store.(1930 Etowah Co., Alabama Federal Census R16, P. 1A, ED 7 and The Daily Herald, June 25, 1934, p. 6)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Demise</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Sophia Picard Schwartz appears to have passed at Gadsden, Alabama in December 1979.&nbsp; Hyman and Freda Rosenberg also died at Gadsden, Alabama.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">___________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sam Picard</strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Sam Picard</strong> was born August 25, 1883 in France, the only child of Samuel Picard and Sarah Levy born out of the country.&nbsp; The 1900 Federal Census indicates that he entered America in 1885.&nbsp; At Biloxi in 1900, Sarah Block (1878-1900+), a niece of Mrs. Sarah Picard was domiciled in their home on Main Street.(1900 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census T623_808, p. 5A, ED 30)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In his youth, Sam Picard attended Miss Austin’s School with Sophie Picard, his sister.&nbsp; The children of the Lopez, Bradford, Gorenflo, Harkness, Champlin, Carraway, and Desporte families were also in attendance.&nbsp; In 1905, in real estate business as Biloxi as Sam Picard &amp; Company and situated at 155 West Howard Avenue.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, September 7, 1905, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">By September 1899, Sam Picard was a student at Mississippi A&amp;M in Starkville, Mississippi.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 9, 1899, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">_________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Gertrude Picard</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Gertrude Picard</strong> (1885-1949) was born on February 17, 1885 at New Orleans.&nbsp; She attended Biloxi High School and won a scholarship to Elizabeth College at Charlotte, North Carolina.&nbsp; Gertrude left Biloxi in September 1903 to commence her university studies. &nbsp;She graduated from Elizabeth College in May 1905 completing the AB course. &nbsp;Miss Picard returned to Biloxi and is known to have worked in December 1909, as a reporter for <em>The Daily Herald</em>. &nbsp;Gertrude reported on Biloxi society and personal happenings.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 15, 1903, p. 6, May 3, 1905, p. 5, and The Daily Herald, December 2, 1909, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Gertrude Picard married <strong>Jacob \'Jack\' Newman</strong> and they had two sons: Julian Newman and Ralph Newman. She passed on at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on January 3, 1949.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 3, 1949, p. 7)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Blanche Picard</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Blanche Picard</strong> [1887-1975], a native of New Orleans, graduated from Biloxi High School in May 1904 and Elizabeth College, Charlotte, North Carolina.&nbsp; She married <strong>Solomon Edward ‘Sollie’ Levy </strong>(1882-1927), a native of Newborn, Georgia, at Biloxi on August 27, 1908 in the Presbyterian Church, Rabbi Mose Bergman of New Orleans performed their nuptials.&nbsp; Phil Riser of Demopolis, Alabama and Florence Picard, sister of the bride, were Best Man and Maid of Honor respectively in their wedding.&nbsp; Sollie E.&nbsp; Levy was a successful traveling salesman.&nbsp; The couple made their home in or near St. Louis, Missouri.<em>(The Biloxi Daily&nbsp;Herald, &nbsp;May 31, 1904, August 14, 1908, p. 1 and August 27, 1908, p</em>. 1 and Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 21, p. 38)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/FD7F5303-0A86-4FFA-96B3-8BC7588E8DD4.jpeg\" /></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>QUEEN BLANCHE PICARD-1908 Mardi Gras</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Blanche Picard was selected as the first Queen of the Biloxi Mardi Gras, which was held in March 1908.&nbsp; Her King, Bienville I, was John Carraway (1873-1931).&nbsp; Mr. Carraway came to Biloxi in 1893.&nbsp; He was born at Jackson, Mississippi the son of John C. Carraway (1843-1901) and Arcola Carraway (1848-1933), natives of the Magnolia State.&nbsp; In 1900, he and Mae Litel Carroway (1878-1930+), his spouse, a native of Albany, Wisconsin were domiciled on Front Street at Biloxi, where he made his livelihood as cashier for the Bank of Biloxi.&nbsp; Mr. Carraway matriculated to the University of Mississippi.&nbsp; At Biloxi, he was active in the Elk, Odd fellow, Woodman of the World, and Masonic Lodge.&nbsp; John was the first president of the BYC.&nbsp; His parents and Tennie Carraway Moreland (1880-1905+), his Texan born cousin, were also domiciled on Front Street at this time.(<em>The Biloxi Daily Herald</em>, (1902), p. 51; 1900 Harrison County, Mississippi Federal Census T623 808, p. 1A, ED 31, and <em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 29, 1907, p. 2</em>)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>family</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Blanche Picard married Solomon Edward ‘Sollie’ Levy (1882-1927).&nbsp; Sollie E. Levy was born at Newborn, Alabama.&nbsp; At Biloxi on August 27, 1908 in the Presbyterian Church, Rabbi Moses Bergman of New Orleans performed their nuptials.&nbsp; Phil Riser of Demopolis, Alabama and Florence Picard, sister of the bride, were Best Man and Maid of Honor respectively in their wedding.&nbsp; Sollie E.&nbsp; Levy was a successful traveling salesman.&nbsp; The newlyweds home was at or near St. Louis, Missouri.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, August 14, 1908, p. 1 and August 27, 1908, p</em>. 1 and Harrison Co., Mississippi MRB 21, p. 38)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>World War I</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Sollie E. Levy went to officers training at Fort Logan H. Root at North Little Rock, Arkansas. &nbsp;In May 1917, <em>The Daily Herald</em>&nbsp;related that:&nbsp;<em><strong>\"</strong></em><strong><em>Mrs. S .E. Levy of this city will go to New Orleans to visit her mother Mrs. S. Picard before going to Little Rock to join her husband at Camp Fort Logan H. Root.\"</em></strong><em>(The Daily Herald</em>,&nbsp;<em>May 31, 1917, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In July 1918, he was stationed at Waco, Texas<em>.</em>&nbsp; At this time, Sol E. Levy also lost a brother, H. Levy, a resident of Uniontown, Alabama.<em>(The Daily Herald, July 18, 1918, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><br />\r\n<strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Philadephia</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/6DDFB98B-24F9-4737-80D7-9102D0362241.jpeg\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-27%20at%2012.00.09%20PM.png\" style=\"height:200px; width:489px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Philadelphia Jewish Exponent, March 21, 1975, p. 60]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Hermine Levy Greenberg</span></strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-27%20at%2012.32.06%20PM.png\" style=\"height:600px; width:454px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Montefiore Cemetery at Jenkintown, Pennsylvania</span></span></strong></div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<table class=\"mem-events table table-responsive\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:0px none; box-sizing:border-box; color:rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family:source sans pro,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; font-size:15px; margin-bottom:21px; max-width:100%; min-height:0.009999999776482582%; overflow-x:auto; text-shadow:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) 0px 0px 4px; width:585px\">\r\n	<tbody>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"vertical-align:top\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n	</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Florence Picard</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Florence ‘Flossie’ Picard</strong> (1891-1916) was born in June 1891 at Biloxi, Mississippi. She attended Biloxi High School and the University of Mississippi.&nbsp; Flossie Picard &nbsp;taught school at Biloxi before she married Dr. Julius Raymond Fernandez (1890-1963) of New Orleans.&nbsp; Dr. Fernandez had also attended Ole Miss and was a 1913 graduate of Tulane University.&nbsp; Their nuptials occurred on December 7, 1915 at the home of her mother at 128 Main Street.&nbsp; Rabbi Moses of Mobile officiated at the ceremony.&nbsp; The couple lived in the Crescent City where Dr. Fernandez was an associate of Dr. Bell. &nbsp;He became an accomplished ENT specialist.<em>(The Daily Herald, December 8, 1915, p. 8 and January 7, 1949, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Flossie P. Fernandez expired at Hotel Dieu on November 17, 1916 in the Crescent City.&nbsp; She had given birth to a son, Julius M. Fernandez (1916-1983), on November 16, 1916.&nbsp; Mrs. Fernandez’s funeral was held at the home of Mrs. J. McDermott at 4901 Daneel Place.&nbsp; Her corporal remains were interred in the Jewish Cemetery at New Orleans next to those of Bernard Picard, her father.<em>(The Daily Herald, November 18, 1916, p. 1 and The New Orleans States, November 16, 1916, p. 10)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Dr. J.R. Fernandez married Agnes Eulalie Pedeaux (1890-1976) and relocated to Edgard, St. John the Baptist Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; He had several children with her.&nbsp; Julius M. Fernandez, his son with Florence Picard, became a doctor and lived at Franklin, St. Mary Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; Ralph Fernandez, his son with Agnes E. Pedeaux, also became a physician and was a resident of Lafayette, Louisiana.&nbsp; Dr. Julius R. Fernandez was elected to the Louisiana House of Representatives and served three terms from 1940-1953.&nbsp; He had also been a Police Juror and Coroner when he lived in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; Dr. J.R. Fernandez expired at Edgard, Louisiana on December 31, 1963.<em>(The Times-Picayune, January 2, 1964, p. 6)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Biloxi Clinic</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On January 10, 1949, Dr. Julius M. Fernandez opened a medical clinic at Biloxi in the Picard Buuilding, a two-story structure on East Beach and Kuhn Street. &nbsp;Dr. Fernandez, like his father was a Tulane graduate, Class of 1940. &nbsp;He had practiced medicine in Lafayette, Lousiana before coming to Biloxi. &nbsp;Miss Ruby Picard, his aunt and a registered nurse, worked in the clinic.<em>(The Daily Herald, January 7, 1949, p. 2 and January 10, 1949, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">____________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Ruby Picard</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Ruby Picard was born in June 1893 at Biloxi, Mississippi. &nbsp;She became &nbsp;a nurse after training at the Jewish Hospital at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. &nbsp;In July 1926, Miss Picard was appointed a nurse superintendent at the French Hotel in New Orleans. &nbsp;Sheexpired at Biloxi on November 29, 1984.(The Daily Herald, July 2, 1926, p. 2 and December 2, 1984, p. A-2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Hard Times-Picard homes sold</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Great Depression of the 1930s resulted in the loss of the Picard family homes at 124 and 128 Main Street.&nbsp; The smaller dwelling, 124 Main Street, was lost by default when Ruby Picard et al failed to pay notes on a mortgage valued at $1818.&nbsp; In November 1935, Eustis McManus, Special Commissioner, vended this property to the Homeowner’s Loan Corporation for $1600.&nbsp; It was acquired by Kos J. Jackson and Jessie M. Jackson in March 1938 for $2000.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 207, p. 307, Bk. 207, p. 571, and Bk. 219, p. 597)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Picard family residence, 128 Main Street, was also lost.&nbsp; Ruby Picard, Reine Picard, Gertrude Picard Newman, and Sam Picard defaulted on their loan made in October 1934 and A.J. McLaurin, trustee, sold the Picard home to the Homeowner’s Loan Corporation in June 1936, for $4400.&nbsp; They in turn conveyed the property to Dr. William D. Hooper (1887-1949), a North Carolina native and chiropractor, and Alva Witt Hooper (1894-1949+), his spouse, for $3750 in July 1938.&nbsp; Mrs. Hooper was born to the Reverend Robert F. Witt (1853-1920+) and Emma R. Witt (1861-1920+) in Mississippi, probably Claiborne County.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed of Trust Bk. 89, p. 469 and Land Deed Bk. 210, p. 269 and Bk. 221, p. 204 and 1930 Pike Co., Mississippi Federal Census R 1162, p. 10B, ED 14 and Lauderdale Co., Mississippi T625-882, p. 2A, ED 45)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Picard home remained in the Hooper’s possession until William J. Collins and George J. Collins acquired it from Basil F. Witt (1888-1975), Lynn E. Witt (1893-1953+), and Ava Lee Witt Ansardi (1890-1985), the heirs of Alva Witt Hooper, in December 1953 for $12,500.&nbsp;&nbsp; Dr. Hooper had died at Biloxi on October 28, 1949.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 376, p. 503)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Leo L. ‘Joe’ Scholtes, noted photographer and local historian, acquired the Picard home from the Collins in&nbsp; 19&nbsp; .&nbsp; He demolished the old edifice as it was in ill-repair.&nbsp; Mr. Scholtes erected a brick home on this site.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. , p. )</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>RFEFERNCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><u>The Biloxi Daily Herald, Business and Professional Men</u>, (The Biloxi Daily Herald: Biloxi, Mississippi-1902).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Buildings of Biloxi: An Architectural Survey, (The City of Biloxi: Biloxi, Mississippi-1976), p. 119.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 10277, <strong><em>“Sam Picard, executor of the Estate of Sarah Picard v. Julius M. Picard Fernandez et al”</em></strong>-September 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 14242, <strong><em>“Homeowner’s Loan Corporation&nbsp; v. Ruby Picard et al”</em></strong>-September 1935.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Will Book 6, <strong><em>“Will of Sarah Picard, </em></strong>January 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Journals</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Picard’s Cheap Cash Store”</strong>, December 21, 1889.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“City Council”</strong>, April 12, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, June 21, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Picard’s Cheap Cash Store”</strong>, July 19, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Local Happenings\"</strong>, April 23, 1892.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Local Happenings\"</strong>, October 20, 1894.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Picard’s Emporium”</strong>, December 14, 1895.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Charter of Incorporation of the People’s Bank of Biloxi”</strong>, March 21, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Austin’s School”</strong>, April 25, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Death of Bernard Picard”</strong>, May 23, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Latest City News”</strong>, June 13, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local and Personal”</strong>, September 9, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Schwartz-Picard”</strong>, March 11, 1899.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Schwartz-Picard”</strong>, March 11, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, September 15, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Commencement exercises”</strong>, May 31, 1904.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“City Paragraphs\"</strong>, May 3, 1905.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Sam Picard &amp; Company”</strong>, September 7, 1905.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Among the Candidates”</strong>, July 29, 1907.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi first Carnival a success beyond expectations”</strong>, March 4, 1908.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Story of the Big Parade”</strong>, March 4, 1908.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, August 14, 1908.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Levy-Picard”</strong>, August 27, 1908.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Biloxi Society and Personal Items”</strong>, December 2, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi Society and Personal Items”</strong>, June 3, 1910.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Gulfport News Paragraphs”</strong>, July 1, 1911.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi Society and Personal Items”</strong>, April 23, 1914.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mr. </strong>[Lazar] <strong>Schwartz dead”</strong>, December 3, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Picard-Fernandez nuptials are held”</strong>, December 8, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Fernandez dies in New Orleans”</strong>, November 18, 1916.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Levy Leaves”, </strong>May 31, 1917.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Picard &amp; Gillen”</strong>, March 24, 1916.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Capt. Sol Levy in Biloxi”</strong>, July 18, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Picard &amp; Son”</strong>, August 9, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Local News Paragraphs”</strong>, August 16, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald, </em>\"Schartz Home Sold”</strong>, March 11, 1925.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. S. Picard Passes away”</strong>, March 18, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Biloxi News Paragraphs”</strong>, May 24, 1929.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Biloxi News Paragraphs”</strong>, June 25, 1934.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Miss Rene Picard dies”</strong>, August 25, 1943.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“B &amp; Bs: Back in business-Boutique lodging making a comeback”</strong>, December 16, 2007, p. G1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Death of Bernard Picard”</strong>, May 23, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Schwartz-Picard”</strong>, March 11, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mr. </strong>[Lazar] <strong>Schwartz dead”</strong>, December 3, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. Levy Leaves”, </strong>May 31, 1917.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Schwartz Home Sold”</strong>, March 11, 1925.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Mrs. S. Picard Passes away”</strong>, March 18, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“</strong>[Ruby Picard] <strong>Superintendent at French Hospital”</strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">, July 2, 1926.</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Biloxi News Paragraphs”</strong>,May 24, 1929.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Miss Rene Picard dies”</strong>, August 25, 1943.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Mrs.</strong> [Gertrude Picard]&nbsp;<strong>Newman dies”</strong>,</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“J.M. Fernandez to open Biloxi clinic in Picard Building”</strong>, January 7. 1949.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, <strong>\"</strong></em><strong>Dr. J.M. Fernandez</strong> [photo]”,</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Miss Ruby Picard\"</strong><em>, December 2, 1984, p. A-2.</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>&nbsp;Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Mardi Gras at Biloxi”</strong>, March 4, 1908.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The New Orleans-State, </em><strong>“Florence Fernandez”</strong>, November 18, 1916.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune,</em><strong>“Sarah Levy Picard\"</strong>, March 9, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune,</em><strong>“Ex-legislator funeral today”</strong>, January 2, 1964.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ABRAHAM ROSENBERG</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Abraham Rosenberg (1870-1940) was born at NOLA, the son of Benjamin Rosenberg (1833-1917) and Rachel Woolf (1844-1911).&nbsp; In 1851 Benjamin arrived in New York City from his native Preusnitz, Russian Poland.&nbsp; After a short tenure in San Francisco, he came to NOLA via the Isthmus of Panama.&nbsp; In the Crescent City he sold shoes on Poydras Street until 1865.&nbsp; Benjamin Rosenberg then went into the wholesale shoe business as B. Rosenberg &amp; Sons at 215 Decatur Street and erected one of the first Southern shoe factories, the Rex Shoe Factory at Bienville and Burgundy.&nbsp; Before becoming a reformed Jew, he supported the Chelbra Thilim Orthodox Congregation at NOLA and donated the money for its brick synagogue at 822 Lafayette Street.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Circa 1863, Benjamin Rosenberg married Rachel Woolf, an English lady.&nbsp; They were domiciled at 805 Pine Street and reared the following children: Adele Rosenberg (1864-1917+) m. Arthur Abrams and Samuel Rubin; Edward Rosenberg (1867-1912) m. Hattye Goetz; Ephraim Rosenberg (1868-1942); Benjamin Rosenberg (1870-1970) m. Claretta Mayer (1880-1985); Nathan Rosenberg (1874-1916) m. Josephine Coleman; and Lydia Rosenberg (1875-1940+) m. Samuel Cahn.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Abraham Rosenberg married Claretta Mayer (1880-1985), a native of Louisville, Kentucky.&nbsp; She was the daughter of Nathan Mayer (1837-1907), an 1843 German immigrant and Frances Godchaux (1847-1926), a native of Kentucky. &nbsp;Children: Nathaniel B. Rosenberg (1908-1991) and Abraham Charles Rosenberg (1910-1985).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Abraham Rosenberg died intestate on December 9, 1940 near Montgomery, Alabama on a train while returning from a business affair at Martinsville, Indiana&nbsp; on December 9, 1940.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court, Cause No. 17996, <strong>‘Mrs. Claretta Mayer Rosenberg v. the Heirs of Abraham Rosenberg deceased</strong>’, September-1941.<strong>(Deed Bk. 243, p. 531)</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Orleans Parish, Louisiana Civil District Court Cause No. 237870<strong>, ‘The Succession of Abraham Rosenberg’-</strong>December 1941.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune, </em><strong>“From Peddler to Wholesaler-Benj. Rosenberg is dead, aged 83”</strong>, November 12, 1917.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune, </em><strong>“Make charitable bequests, 70, funeral is today”</strong>, November 22, 1917.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune, </em><strong>“A. Rosenberg, 70, funeral is today”</strong>, December 11, 1940.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times Picayune, </em><strong>“100-years-old woman </strong>[Claretta Mayer Rosenberg] <strong>still maintains her zest for life”</strong>, January 14, 1980.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">_______________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ROSENBLUM</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Hillel Rosenblum</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Hillel or Hile Rosenblum</strong> (1875-1948) was born September 15, 1875 at Minsk, Russia. &nbsp;He arrived at New York City on January 10, 1906.[Declaration of Intention No. 24, Southern District-South Mississippi-October 17, 1917]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Charles Rosemblum</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Charles Rosenblum (1902-1963) was born in Germany the son of Hillel Rosenblum (1875-1948) and Leah Rosenblum.&nbsp; His parents immigrated to the United States in 1906, coming from Minsk, Russia via Belgium to Ellis Island.&nbsp; The elder Rosenblum was an itinerant Jewish peddler who lived at McHenry, Mississippi and Pascagoula, Mississippi.&nbsp; In addition to Charles, there were four other sons and two daughters.&nbsp; After his business career was over, Hillel retired to New Orleans.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Charles Rosenblum married Rachel Rosemblum (1906-1930+), a native of England and 1906 immigrant. &nbsp;They had two sons, Sidney Rosenblum (b. 1927) and Alvin Rosenblum. &nbsp;Sidney Rosenblum attended the Gulf Coast Military Academy from 1939 to 1944.&nbsp;Charles Rosenblum lived at Hammond, Louisiana where he was a merchant and operated Rosenblum\'s Department Store at 314 East Thomas Street.&nbsp; The building is now rented by the Rosenblum family to the parish government and serves as the Hammond Branch of the Tangipahoa Parish Library system.(Sidney Rosenblum-December-1997)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Prior to locating at Biloxi, Mississippi, the Charles Rosenblum family lived in Alabama and at Picayune, Mississippi. &nbsp;In 1930, he was the proprietor of a dry goods store in Picayune.(1930 Pearl River Co., Mississippi Federal Census R1159, p. 3B, ED 7)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Fabacher House&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Fabacher home at 1012 West Beach in Biloxi was acquired by Charles Rosenblum from Lawrence Fabacher on June 4, 1941. &nbsp;Mr. Rosenblum paid $10,000 for the home. &nbsp;In January 1942, he sold it to Margaret K. Colby for $11,600.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 240, pp. 247-248 and&nbsp;Bk. 246, p. 204-205)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">At Biloxi, Charles Rosenblum was in the jewelry business and other commercial ventures with his younger brother David Rosenblum, a well known merchant in that city.&nbsp; Charles Rosenblum expired on February 23, 1963, at Hammond, Louisiana.(Sidney Rosenblum-December-1997)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/u4/Rosenblum%2C David.jpg\" style=\"height:250px; width:144px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>David Rosenblum &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">David\'s</span></strong></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September 1947, David Rosenblum acquired the Guarantee Shoe Store from James Oatis Coleman (1886-1961). &nbsp;Mr. Coleman had married Mary Lawrence (1894-1953), the daughter of Joseph V. Lawrence (1967-1952) and &nbsp;&nbsp;Tucei. &nbsp;Mr. Lawrence had hired his son-in-law after his return from WW I with the A.E.F. in Europe. &nbsp;Coleman acquired the business circa 1935. &nbsp;Mr. Rosenblum owned 18 stores in four Southern States.(The Daily Herald, September 29, 1947, p 5)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>David\'s Building</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The David\'s Building on West Howard Avenue had a $2000 face lift in January 1949. &nbsp;A new, modern front raised the display window three feet and made deeper improving visiblity and display room by 50%,(The Daily Herald, January 5, 1949, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'Rosenblum buys Guarantee Store\', September 29, 1947.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, \'David\'s at Biloxi to have new front\', January 5, 1949.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">______________________________________________________________________________________</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>LOUIS ROSENTHAL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Louis Rosenthal (1851-1942) was born in Prussia.&nbsp; He immigrated to the United States in 1853.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Family</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Louis Rosenthal married Brunette Levy (1868-1956) at New Orleans on February 19, 1888.&nbsp; They were the parents of seven children and six sons survived to adulthood: Seligman T. Rosenthal (1889-1973); Leon Rosenthal (1890-1920+) m. Fannie Heymann; Aaron Rosenthal (1893-1917+); Jacob Rosenthal (1895-1972); Marcus Rosenthal (1902-1970); and Ezra Rosenthal (1904-1994)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em><strong>The Biloxi Blizzard</strong></em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Louis Rosenthal commenced <em>The Biloxi Blizzard </em>in February 1893.&nbsp; From comments about his newspaper in <em>The Biloxi Herald</em>, it appears that it’s early months were difficult and there were times when <em>The Biloxi Blizzard </em>was not published.&nbsp; <em>The Biloxi Herald</em>, a competitor, wrote in April 1894, that after a suspension of several months, The Biloxi Blizzard made an appearance on April 1<sup>st</sup>.&nbsp; L. Rosenthal appears on the masthead as editor and proprietor.&nbsp; It is neatly printed as a seven column newspaper.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Blizzard </em>advertised in 1893 as follows:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>THE BLIZZARD</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Published every Wednesday by the Biloxi Publishing Company</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Louis Rosenthal, Editor and Manager</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong><em>Subscription $1.50 per year</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>(T.H. Glenn, 1893, advertisement)</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;<strong>Sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Louis Rosenthal sold the Biloxi Blizzard to Austin M. Dahlgren (1856-1906), collector of the port, in late January 1895.&nbsp; The conveyance occurred without consultation from Monsieurs Edward Glennan (1854-1933) and Charles Redding (1857-1926).&nbsp; These gentlemen owned the physical assets of Rosenthal’s late journal.(The Biloxi Herald, January 26, 1895, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>The Mandeville Wave</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Rosenthal family left Biloxi for Mandeville, Louisiana before 1900.&nbsp; Here Louis found employment with <em>The Mandeville Wave</em>, a small journal, as a journalist.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Charles L. Dyer, <strong><u>Along The Gulf</u></strong>, (Women of the Trinity Episcopal Church:&nbsp; Pass Christian-1971.&nbsp; Originally published in 1895).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">T.H. Glenn, <strong><u>The Mexican Gulf Coast on Mobile Bay &amp; Mississippi Sound</u> <u>Illustrated</u></strong>, (Graham-Delchamps: Mobile, Alabama-1893).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, February 4, 1893.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, April 7, 1894.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, January 26, 1895.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, May 25, 1895.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, March 3, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-01-27%20at%2012.18.47%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>JULIAN H. SAENGER</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>[1873-1932]</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Julian Henri Saenger</strong> (1873-1932) was born in Norfolk, Virginia to Rabbi Israel Saenger (1841-1900+), an 1866 immigrant from Germany, and Mrs. Saenger (d. pre-1900) also a German immigrant.&nbsp; Julian graduated from Johns Hopkins University at Baltimore, Maryland after completing their pharmacy school.&nbsp; Before 1900, the Saenger family relocated from Macon, Georgia to Shreveport, Louisiana where he was a retail pharmacist and proprietor of the Saenger Drug Company with Abe D. Saenger (1876-1932+), his brother.(1900 Caddo Parish, Louisiana Federal Census T623_560, p. 4B, ED 40)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/saenger%20bros.jpg\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Saenger Brothers</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1911, Julian H. Saenger joined with <strong>Levi Maurice Ash </strong>(1880-1971), who had married Florence Saenger Ash (1886-1932+), his sister, and <strong>Abraham</strong> \'<strong>Abe\' D. Saenger</strong>, his brother, to organized the Saenger Amusement Company.&nbsp; They opened their first movie house in Shreveport, also in 1911.&nbsp; In 1917, the company had built the Strand Theatre at New Orleans and in November 1926.&nbsp; With their two hundred movies houses in fifty Southern cities, in eleven Southern states, and Central America and Cuba, Saenger Theatres, Inc. was integrated into Publix Theaters Corporation, the premier American movie house proprietor, whose crown jewel was the seven million dollar Paramont Theater on Broadway.&nbsp;&nbsp; The two and one-half million dollar Saenger Theatre opened in the Crescent City on February 4, 1927.&nbsp; It was designed by Emile Weil.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Julian H. Saenger married Marjorie Kent Weston at Gretna, Louisiana in December 1930.&nbsp; They were domiciled at 831 Bourbon Street.&nbsp; Julian was stricken by a heart attack on February 6, 1932.&nbsp; He expired in an ambulance rushing him to a New Orleans hospital.<em>(The Times Picayune, December 20, 1930, p. 20 and February 6, 1932, p. 1)</em>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Saenger%20Theatre-January%201929.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Biloxi\'s Saenger Theatre&nbsp;</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[1929]</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune, </em><strong>“New Saenger Theater is vast beyond belief and incredibly beautiful”</strong>, February 5, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune, </em><strong>“Theater is seen as realization of years of work”</strong>, February 5, 1927.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune, </em><strong>“Society”</strong>, December 20, 1930.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune, </em><strong>“Julian H. Saenger stricken, dies on way to hospital”</strong>, February 7. 1932.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>HENRY I. SINGER</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Henry Ivan Singer (1868-1930+) was born at Rodney, Jefferson County, Mississippi in October 1868 to George Singer (1820-1880+) and Margret Singer (1829-1880+), German immigrants.&nbsp; George Singer was from Saxony while Margret Singer was a native of Wurttemberg.&nbsp; Henry had two brothers, Albert Singer and William Singer (1862-1880+) and (1859-1880+).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Henry I. Singer left Rodney, Mississippi after 1900 to join Harry Cahn at Biloxi, Mississippi.&nbsp; At Rodney, he had been a merchandise salesman and associated with Daniel E. Moran (1879-1900+) and Henry L. Mackie (1879-1900+).(1900 Jefferson County, Mississippi T623_812, p. 1B, ED 89)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Family</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Henry I. Singer remained a bachelor until at the age of forty-nine when he married Dorothy Hebard (1899-1930+) on October 25, 1917 in Harrison County, Mississippi.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Advocate </em>[Baton Rouge, Louisiana], <strong>“Robert L. Singer”</strong>, July 31, 1997.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Charter of Incorporation of the Harrison County Bank”</strong>, June 10, 1905.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“”</strong>, .</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“The Specialty Store </strong>[advertisement]<strong>”</strong>, June 14, 1917.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>SOL STEIN</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Sol Stein (1855-1921+), an 1873 German immigrant, came to Biloxi before 1920 to manage the New Park Hotel on Reynoir Street north of the Saenger Theatre.&nbsp; He and spouse, Emma E. Stein (1876-1921+), a Missouri native of Swiss parentage, had one son, Sol Stein II.&nbsp;&nbsp; During WW I, young Sol Stein served seventeen months in the U.S. Army in France with the New York engineers.&nbsp; He returned to New York after the conflict to continue his livelihood in sales in New York and New England.<em>(</em>1920 Harrison Co., Mississippi Federal Census T626_876, p. 28A, ED 41 and <em>The Daily Herald, May 17, 1921, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Sol and Emma E. Stein had left the New Park Hotel and Biloxi in the winter of 1921.&nbsp; They spent it at St. Petersburg, Florida and returned to Biloxi in May 1921 to visit friends.&nbsp; Initially they had decided to relocate to NOLA, but by June 1921, they were back in the hotel business at Point Chautauqua south of Buffalo, New York.<em>(The Daily Herald, May 12, 1921, p. 4 and June 16, 1921, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Sol Stein in Biloxi”</strong>, May 17, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Here on visit”</strong>, May 12, 1921.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Located in New York”</strong>, June 16, 1921.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ADRIAN WEILL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Adrian Weill (1903-1971) was born August 18, 1903 in Osthaffen, Lorraine, France, the son of Leon Weill (1870-1903+) and Hermine Weill.&nbsp; Leon Weill had come to the United States in 1886.&nbsp; By 1900, he was the proprietor of a general merchandising store in Ascension Parish, Louisiana.&nbsp; It appears that he returned circa 1902 to Alsace-Lorraine, married and had two sons, Adrian Weill and Roger Weill (1902-1988).&nbsp; The Weill brothers immigrated to America in 1920 settling near Lutcher, St. James Parish, Louisiana with Jonas Weill (1877-1963), their uncle and a retail merchant.&nbsp; Jonas Weill had immigrated to Louisiana in 1896.(1900 Ascension Parish, La. Federal Census T623 557, p. 4A, ED 8 and 1920 St. James Parish, La. Federal Census R815, p. 19A, ED 10)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In 1930 Adrian Weill relocated to Biloxi, Mississippi and opened a retail shoe store on Lameuse Street.&nbsp; Shortly, he acquired the building that his leased space was situated, which led to his life long vocation of acquiring and selling rental property.&nbsp; Adrian initiated the first drive-in restaurant, Ferdinand’s, at Biloxi, which was located on West Beach.&nbsp; He also constructed Biloxi’s first shopping center, Weill’s Shopping Center, also on West Beach.<em>(The Daily Herald, February 22, 1971, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Before 1943, Adrian Weill met and married Jeannette L. Dees (1916-2002), who was born northeast of Mobile at Repton, Conecuh County, Alabama.&nbsp; Donna Mae Long Dees McMillan (1898-1930+), her mother, once served as Postmaster of Repton, Alabama.&nbsp; Adrian and Jeannette D. Weill were the parents of Adrian Michael ‘Mike’ Weill (1943-1976); Jolene W. Manuel Aultman; Donna Lynn W. Minton Green Ludlow (1953-2012); and Jacqueline W. Glascow Bernstein (d. pre 2002).(<em>The Sun He&nbsp;</em>5A, ED 17)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>WEILL ENTERPRISES</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Avelez Hotel Company</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Avelez Hotel Company was chartered in June 1946 by Adrian Weill (1903-1971), Uriah S. Joachim (1888-1977),Richard R. Guice, and Albert Sydney Johnston Jr.(Harrison County, Ms. Charter Bk. 93, p. 162)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>RIVIERA HOTEL</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Wilhelmina ‘Billie’ Sewell Roberts Sherrill Morse (1886-1982) vended the Riviera Hotel at Biloxi to the Avelez Hotel Company in December 1955. &nbsp;The old resort on the east side of Lameuse Street and Beach Boulevard had survived many hurricanes in its long history. &nbsp;During the September Storm of 1947, the storm surge at Biloxi was measured at thirteen feet in the vicinity of the Riviera Hotel. &nbsp;Hurricane Camille of August 1969 severely damage the structure and its derelict remains were removed and the lot sold. &nbsp;The Board of Directors of the Avelez Hotel held a special meeting on&nbsp; March 18, 1970 and unanimously vote to sell their old Montross-Riviera Hotel lot. &nbsp;Two days later the Avelez Hotel Corporation for $260,000 conveyed the lot to the Housing Authority of Biloxi.(Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 403, p. 171 and&nbsp;2<sup>nd</sup>&nbsp;JD Harrison County, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 8, p. 473)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>OCEAN SPRINGS TRACT</strong></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In December 1986, Jacqueline W. Bernstein, Jolene W. Aultman, and Donna W. Green, Conservators and daughters of Jeanette Dees Weill, sold the former Allman tract to Loris C. Bridges.(JXCO, Ms. Land Deed Bk. 649, p. 454 and Bk. 875, p. 475 and p. 478)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Adrian Weill taken by death”, </strong>February 22, 1971.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Adrian Michael Weill”</strong>, April 18, 1976, p. A2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxian found dead outside apartments”</strong>, April 18, 1976, p. A2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Jeanette Dees Weill”</strong>, April 21, 2002, p. A8.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Donna Lynn Weill”</strong>, April 22, 2012, p. A13.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune, </em><strong>“Adrian Weill’s funeral is set”</strong>, February 23, 1971, p. 3.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ARTHUR WEINBERGER and WILLIAM WEINBERGER</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Arthur \'Art\' Weinberger (1896-1974) was born on May 11, 1896 at Chicago, Illinois to Adolph Weinberger (1868-pre 1910), an 1876 Hungarian immigrant and Chicago variety store merchant, and Lena Rottenberg (1872-1930+), an 1885 Hungarian immigrant. &nbsp;Adolph had married and been a widower before he married Lena Rottenberger circa 1892. &nbsp;His children with his first wife were: Henry Weinberger (b. 1885); George A. Weinberger (b. 1888);&nbsp;Rae Weinberger (1890-1975) m. Joseph Shanberg (1882-1920+);&nbsp;and Louis Weinberger (b. 1891). &nbsp;Adolph and Lena R. Weinberger were the parents of: William Weinberger (1893-1976); Arthur Weinberger (1896-1974) m. Amy Rush (1907-1991); Emil G. Weinberger (1899-1986); and Richard Weinberger (1907-1982).(1900 Cook Co., Illinois Federal Census R 258, p. 14B, ED 330, 1910 and Cook Co., Illinois Federal Census T624_262, p. 7B, ED 871) &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">During WWI, both Art and William Weinberger served in the US Army. &nbsp;Art was a clerk at Butler Brothers in Chicago before joining the US Army in September 1917. &nbsp;He was discharged January 13, 1919. &nbsp;By 1920, Art and William Weinberger were domiciled at Savannah, Georgia where they retail clothes salesmen at Savannah, Georgia. &nbsp;By 1930, both men were in Chicago where Art was head of the household with his mother, and brothers, William, Emil, George and George A. Weinberger Jr. residing at 207 Winthrop. &nbsp;Art listed his occupation as an \'out of business merchant\'.(1920 Chatham Co., Georgia Federal Censusu T625_241, p. 2A, ED 74 and 1930 Cook Co., Illinois Federal Census R494, p. 2A, ED 1881)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>BILOXI</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September 1949, Art and Amy Weinberger acquired Lot 5-Block 2 of the Bienville Subdivision on Biloxi\'s West Beach Boulevard from L.C. Hicks. &nbsp;He later moved to the Gulf Towers near the Buena Vista Hotel.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Chancery Court Land deed Bk. 325, p. 24)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>SW/C WEST HOWARD AVENUE and REYNOIR STREET</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In August 1952, Art Weinberger took a sub-lease from Genevieve Lynn Dyer on a building situated on the SW/C of West Howard Avenue and Reynoir Street. &nbsp;The consideration was $4000 and Mrs. Victor B. Pringle was the lessor. &nbsp;Here he, Ronald Weinberger, his stepson?, and William Weinberger (1893-1976), his brother, operated and managed several businesses: Art\'s Army Store, William\'s Sportswear, Allan\'s Mens Store, and the Howard Clothing Company.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Chancery Court Land Deed Bk. 357, pp. 418-419).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>MURDER</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">On December 2, 1974, Art Weinberger, the proprietor of Art\'s Levis&nbsp;<span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255)\"><strong>&nbsp;</strong>on Howard Avenue, was distracted by John \'Willie\' Durengo Reddix (b. 1954) in order that Larry \'Catfish\' Jones (b. 1954), Reddix\'s companion on that day, could sneak up behind Mr. Weinberger and kill him by striking him repeatedly with blows from a wrench. &nbsp;Reddix and Jones then took money and clothes from the Weinberger store and fled. &nbsp;Larry Jones was convicted of &nbsp;murder and incarcerated at Parchman Prison and of March 2012 is continuing to serve a life sentence for this heinous crime.(The Daily Herald, December 3, 1974, p.A 2, December 4, 1974, p. A2 and December 16, 1974, p. A-2)</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The corporal remains of Art Weinberger were interred in the Southern Memorial Park cemetery at Biloxi. Mississippi. &nbsp;He was survivied by Amy Rush Weinberger, Mrs. Donald Friedman, a daughter, of Chicago, and Ronald Winters, a son, at Atlanta, Georgia. &nbsp;Art had been a charter member of SunKist Country Club, a 32nd degree Mason and Shriner and has formerly owned chain stores in the Midwest.(The Daily Herald, December 3, 1974, p. A2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">William Weingerger (1893-1976) was born on June 6, 1893 at Chicago, Illinois. &nbsp;He was a veteran of WWI and settled at Biloxi, Mississippi where he was a merchant operating as William\'s Sportswear and Howard Clothing Company. &nbsp;He also resided at Gulf Towers and died at Biloxi, Mississipp in May 1976. &nbsp;Mr. Weinberger\'s corporal remains were also interred in the Southern Memorial Park cemetery.(The Daily Herald, May &nbsp; &nbsp;1976, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Arthur Weinberger”</strong>, December 3, 1974. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Young Biloxi man charged in murder of store owner”</strong>, December 4, 1974. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Third man arrested in Biloxi murder”</strong>, December 16, 1974. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“William Weinberger”</strong>, May &nbsp; , 1976. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Times-Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Release of death row inmate halted”</strong>, January 30, 1983. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>ROSA D. WEISSENBURGER</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Rosa D. Weissenburger</strong> (1829-1910), nee Doller, was born at Landau, Germany. &nbsp;She married Charles E. Weissenburger, probably Alsatian, who died before 1880. &nbsp;They were the parents of Rose Weissenburger (1852-1910+) m. Charles E. Latten (1851-1880+) and Caroline Weiseenburger (1859-1880+).(1880 Orleans Parish, Louisiana Federal Census R 462, p. 3, ED 52, 7th Ward)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Before 1888, Mrs. Weissenburger opened in Biloxi, Mississippi a ladies clothing store on Pass Christian Road, now Howard Avenue, near Delauney Street. &nbsp;She had an eccletic stock of millinery, ladies\' fancy goods, and notions. &nbsp;In September 1888, Rosa Weissenburger advertised as follows:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Rosa Weissenberger</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Dealer in Millinery, Notions, Ladies\' Fancy Goods</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Pass Christian Street near Delauney</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 29, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In March 1891, Mrs. Weissenburger returned to Biloxi from a buying trip with the latest styles in ladie\'s and children\'s bonnets and hats. &nbsp;She also had acquired the latest in ribbons, trimmings, embroderies, and notions.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, March 14, 1891, p. 4)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Rosa Weissenburger expired at 5950 Magazine Street in the Crescent City on December 17, 1910. &nbsp;She had been living with Rose W. Latten, her daughter, Gertrude Arendt (1889-1910+), a realtive, and Alden Latten (1884-1910+), her grandson and a medical doctor.(The Daily Picayune, December 18, 1910, p. 8 and 1910 Orleans Parish, Louisiana Federal Census T624_524, p. 11B, ED 219)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local News”</strong>, June 23, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, March 14, 1891.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Daily Picayune</em>, <strong>\"Weissenburger\"</strong>, December 18, 1910.</span></span></p>\r\n', '', '2');
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('book', 0, 118, 121, 'en', 0, '<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>BILOXI CITY&nbsp;RAILWAY COMPANY</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Biloxi%20Street%20Railway_0.jpg\" style=\"height:200px; width:359px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1895</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>The Biloxi City Railway Company was established</strong>&nbsp;in March 1895 by Dr. J.J. Lemon, president; J.C. Bradford, vice-pres.; Edward&nbsp;G. Burklin, general mgr. and superintendent; Col. EdwardW. Morrill [1939-1910], sec.-treas.; and W.H. Maybin, gen. attorney. &nbsp;Laying of track was to commence shortly as cars, rails, ties, etc. had been acquired. &nbsp;$8000 worth of company stock had been sold at $25 per share. &nbsp;Edward G. Burklin (1860-1931) had gone to NOLA and acquired at a heavy discount 15 rail cars, six miles of track, turn-tables, switches, and curves from the Prytania, Rampart, Dauphine Lines. &nbsp;The Biloxi City Railway ran from the L&amp;N Depot south to Howard Avenue and east to Main Street. &nbsp;From Main Street south to the Beach and then to Point Cadet.(The Biloxi Herald, </span></span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">March 16, 1895, p. 8</span><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp; and March 30, 30, 1895, p. 8)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-18%20at%2011.13.02%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Biloxi Herald, April 20, 1895. p. 8]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Biloxi Electric Power Company</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">Biloxi became ‘electrified’ with the formation of the Biloxi Electric Power Company in 1894.&nbsp; It was chartered in the State of Mississippi on February 3, 1894 by a large contingent of Biloxi merchants, Coast seafood packers, and other prominent businessmen.&nbsp; Among them were: Edward G. Burklin (1860-1920+), Ed Glennan (1854-1933), J.W. Swetman (1863-1937), J.J. Lemon (1825-1915), E.J. Buck, Lazaro Lopez (1850-1903), Walter A. White (1854-1942), Harry T. Howard (1856-1930), Charles F. Theobald (1839-1903), John C. Bradford (1855-1928), Sherwood Bradford (1857-1937), Lyman Bradford (1863-1944), George E. Theobald (1873-1921), Francis B. Dunbar (1846-1908), George H. Dunbar (1844-1917), W.T. Bolton (1859-1923), S.B. Mayers, Frank Voivedich (1860-1930), John Eistetter, Isidore Heidenheim, Manuel Perez, John Bousquet (18-1908), Vincent Voivedich (1850-1927), Charles Patton (1839-1922), Casimir Harvey (1846-1905), John Johnson, Peter Eskald (1856-1944), T.A. Cleary, T.B. Cleary, C.M. Amare, Frank T. Howard (1855-1911), Nicholas Voivedich (1850-1937), J.W. Elder, Charles Redding, A. Bousquet, Lizzie Bradford, and W.K.M. Dukate (1852-1916).&nbsp; The first Board of Directors of the Biloxi Electric Power Company was composed of the following: Edward G. Burklin, Ed Glennan, J.J. Lemon, Lazaro Lopez, J.W. Swetman, E.J. Buck, and Walter A. White.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Chattel Deed Bk. 2, p. 116)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Burklin%2C%20EG%20%5B1860-1931%5D.jpg\" style=\"height:250px; width:190px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Edward G. Burklin</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\"><strong>Edward G. Burklin</strong> (1860-1931) was born at Vandalia, Missouri.&nbsp; He came to Biloxi in the fall of 1892 with the <strong>purpose of building a flour mill and an electric light plant</strong> near the L&amp;N Depot.&nbsp; He had erected several flour mills in Missouri. &nbsp;Mr. Burklin returned to Missouri and expired at Carthage, Jasper County, Missouri&nbsp;on June 3, 1931. &nbsp;At Biloxi,&nbsp;Mr. Burklin founded the light and power plant, first street railway [horse drawn], and telephone system.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, November 5, 1892, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Biloxi%20Electic%20Light%20Plant-1895.jpg\" style=\"height:250px; width:371px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">[from Along The Gulf, Dye, 1895]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\">In April 1893, the&nbsp;<strong>Biloxi Milling Company, commenced operations making flour and meal.</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;It was founded by Missourians, Edward G. Burklin (1860-1931), James B. \'Buck\' Chinn (1857-1912), R.D. Chinn, and Mr. Brewton<em>.</em>&nbsp; The mill was situated on the northeast corner of Magnolia Street immediately north of the L&amp;N Railroad tracks.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, January 7, 1893, p. 8 and April 22, 1893, p. 1)</em></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1902</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Incorporation</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">The Biloxi Electric Street Railway and Power Company was chartered in the State of Mississippi on &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-18%20at%208.53.35%20AM_0.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">[The Biloxi Herald, December 6, 1902, p. 3]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The City of Biloxi gave the&nbsp;<strong>Biloxi&nbsp;Electric Railroad and Power Company</strong>&nbsp;led by W.K.M. Dukate the right to build a railway on Reynoir Street from the L&amp;N RR to Howard Avenue and from Howard Avenue east to Main Street.&nbsp; This privilege had been granted to E.C. Jouillian (1864-1931)&nbsp;in August 1902.(Harrison Co., Ms. Land Deed Bk. 67, p. 247)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1903</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-18%20at%208.45.19%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Biloxi Daily Herald, March 14, 1903, p. 8]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">In early July, the Biloxi Electric Street Railway and Power Company contracted to acquire 300,000 bricks from the Biloxi Brick Company to erect their power house on Lameuse Street.&nbsp; The brick company agreed to deliver 75,000 brick immediately with the remainder to arrive within thirty days.&nbsp; The bricks cost $8 per one thousand.&nbsp; It was anticipated that the power house construction would start in ten days.&nbsp; Also at this time, six miles of trolley wire and the large steam domes of the big boilers arrived.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 3, 1903, p. 6)</em></span></span><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif; font-size:14px\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">The City of Biloxi signed a new eighteen month contract with the Biloxi Electric Street Railway to furnish free city lights.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 8, 1903, p. 5)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">Two more car loads of boiler fixtures for the power plant have arrived.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 8, 1903, p. 5)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The <strong>Biloxi Electric Power Company</strong> was acquired by the&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size:14px\"><strong>Biloxi Electric Street Railway Power Company</strong>. &nbsp;The transaction was enacted for $29,500 in cash and $18,000 in stock.(The Biloxi Herald, Novemebr 4, 1903, p.6)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">By early September crews were working feverishly on Point Cadet in east Biloxi.&nbsp; Track was being laid on Oak Street from East Howard Avenue to the beach and grading was almost completed from Oak Street east to the Barataria Canning Company.&nbsp; Archille Chiapella (1862-1936) who resided on the east side of Reynoir Street between Howard Avenue and the L&amp;N Railroad was demanding the Biloxi Electric Street Railway Company place their tracks in the center of the street when it fronted his property.&nbsp; Chiapella’s request was redundant as the company preferred to locate their tracks in the street’s center.&nbsp; In addition, the street railway company had no control of where the tracks were placed on the street as the alderman of each ward in the city had this power.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 3, 1903, p. 6)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">The stock holders of the Biloxi Electric Light Company sued the directors of the company for $4166.67, the pro rata, due to the holders of 25 shares of stock, from the Biloxi Electric Street Railway Power Company.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 4, 1903, p. 6)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">The fountain situated at Lameuse Street and Howard Avenue had to be relocated to Lameuse Street and Front Street in order that the electric railway could pass unimpeded.&nbsp; Martin Hass, the City Plumber, was in charge of the project.&nbsp; Following the large conflagration of 1889, Harry T. Howard (1856-1930), philanthropist, donated an artesian well and fountain to the City at this location to provide a ready source of water for drinking and fire purposes.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 9, 1903, p. 6)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>October 1903</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">The work of grading Lameuse Street for the electric railroad from Howard Avenue from the Montross Hotel was commenced on October 13, 1903.&nbsp; Contractor O’Beirne is building the transportation route.<em>(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 13, 1903, p. 8 and October 19, 1903, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Route</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">The Biloxi Electric Street Railway ran from the western corporate limits of Biloxi on Front Street, now West Beach Boulevard, to Porter Avenue.&nbsp; Here the tracks turned north onto Porter and went to Howard Avenue where the line ran east along Howard Avenue to Oak Street.&nbsp; The railway went south on Oak Street to Front Street and then east on Front Street to Cadet Street, near the Barataria Canning Company.&nbsp; A spur also ran north from Howard Avenue on Oak Street to the L&amp;N Railroad.&nbsp; Another short route from Howard Avenue connected the Biloxi Electric Street Railway with Front Street from Lameuse Street.&nbsp; The Back Bay section of Biloxi was reached by the line from Howard Avenue and Reynoir going north to Back Bay and then east to the factory of E.C. Joullian, which was on Back Bay near Main Street.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 104, pp. 104-105)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/image1.jpeg\" style=\"height:300px; width:361px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Gulfport and Mississippi Coast Traction Company-1905</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;<strong>Biloxi Electric Street Railway &amp; Power Company was acquired</strong>&nbsp;by J<strong>oseph T. Jones and the Gulfport and Mississippi Coast Traction Company for $1 million&nbsp;</strong>on 15 September 1905. &nbsp;The conveyance included the following: the Biloxi street railway and franchise; Biloxi electric street contract; electirc plant at Biloxi and Ocean Springs; and desire to extned the railway to Gulfport and beyond.(The Biloxi Herald, July 7, 1905, p. 1 and Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 70, p. 109)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1924</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-18%20at%202.51.48%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Daily Herald, June 12, 1924, p. 2]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Mississippi Power Company-1924</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The<strong> Mississippi Power Company</strong> was organized when it acquired the <strong>Gulfport and Mississippi Coast Traction Company </strong>on&nbsp;December 31, 1924.&nbsp; J.M. Barry, president and Frank N. Savage, assistant secretary.&nbsp;</span>&nbsp;[also reported ]&nbsp;The&nbsp;<strong>Gulfport and Mississippi Coast Traction Company</strong>&nbsp;was acquired by the&nbsp;<strong>Mississippi Power Company in late December</strong>.(Harrison County, Mississippi&nbsp;</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">Land Deed Bk. 151, p. 340 and&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, December 29, 1924, p. 1)</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1926</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In early January,&nbsp;<strong>Barney E. Eaton</strong> [1878-1944] of the Mississippi Power Company <strong>related that street car service between Gulfport and Long Beach had been replaced by motor coaches</strong> and that the company had i<strong>nvested about $200,000 in buses and ancillary equipment</strong>.[The Daily Herald, January 2, 1926, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:times new roman,times,serif\">In March 1926, the Mississippi Power Company announced that a hydro-electric line paralleling the Coast would be included in its $70 million development plan.&nbsp; The companies hydro-electric plants were situated on the Coosa and Tallapoosa Rivers in Alabama and a 110,000 volt line would be built from the Alabama-Mississippi state line to a step-down transformer station at Gulfport.&nbsp; Permission had been granted to the company to construct power lines on the bridge across the Back Bay of Biloxi from D’Iberville.<em>(The Biloxi News, March 28, 1926, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-18%20at%204.01.56%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">[The Daily Herald, December 1, 1926, p. 2]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1927</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">John Donzelli [1888-1950], native of Sicily, and spouse Mabel Roberts [1900-1982], born in Wisconsin, operated the Golden Fawn Bus Line for several years at Gulfport. &nbsp;They were victims of the Depression and lost&nbsp;their&nbsp;Gulfport home and in 1929 relocated to Indianapolis where John cleaned busses for Greyhound. &nbsp;Lucy,a&nbsp;daughter, was born at Gulfport in August 1927.</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-18%20at%203.24.01%20PM.png\" /> &nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">[The Daily Herald, April 12, 1927, p. 3]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The <strong>Teche Transfer Company was given the priviledge of transporting passengers by bus</strong> from New Orleans to the Coast&nbsp;with stops at Bay St. Louis, Pass Christian and Biloxi. &nbsp;Teche&nbsp;was&nbsp;not permitted to pick up local passengers, which were provided transportation by the<strong> City Bus Company&nbsp;</strong>between Pass Christian and Biloxi.[The Daily Herald, October 13, 1927, p. 7]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1932</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-21%20at%208.41.52%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">[The Daily Herald, June 22, 1932, p. 8]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-21%20at%208.33.55%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">[The Daily Herald, September &nbsp;26,&nbsp;1932, p. 1]</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1936</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;ICC reported in October 1936,&nbsp;<strong>Gulfport and Mississippi Coast Traction Company</strong>&nbsp;had accrued a deficit of $366,688.&nbsp;&nbsp;Total investment in the road and equipment was $390, 686.(The Daily Herald, October 1, 1936, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1944</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-19%20at%202.58.41%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">[The Daily Herald, December 13, 1944]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">1949</span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-21%20at%208.21.29%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-21%20at%208.23.43%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Daily Herald, January 15, 1949, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202018-12-28%20at%2012.28.43%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">[The Daily Herald, June 8, 1949, p. 9]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-21%20at%207.59.11%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:12px\">[The Daily Herald, August 30, 1949, p. 1]</span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/August%2030%2C%201949.png\" /> <img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-01-21%20at%207.58.05%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">[The Daily Herald, August 30, 1949, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Electric Lights”</strong>, November 5, 1892.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, January 7, 1893, p. 8</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, April 22, 1893, p. 1</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Lights for the town”</strong>, September 30, 1893.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Progressive Biloxi”</strong>, March 16, 1895.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“The City Railroad”</strong>, March 30, 1895.</span></span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Charter of Incorporation of the&nbsp;Biloxi City Railroad Company”</strong>, April 20, 1895.</span></span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City Council”</strong>, January 8, 1902.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Stock taken”</strong>, November 15, 1902.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>TThe Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“The Charter”</strong>, December 18, 1902.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Electric Street Railway”</strong>, January 16, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi Electric Railway Company”</strong>, February 24, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Damage suit”</strong>, June 17, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Big Brick deal”</strong>, July 3, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi for Biloxians”</strong>, July 3, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi for Biloxians”</strong>, July 6, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City Fathers”</strong>, July 8, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi for Biloxians”</strong>, July 9, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“The silver spike”</strong>, August 13, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City News”</strong>, September 3, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Want a receiver”</strong>, September 4, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Fountain to be moved”</strong>, September 9, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City Items”</strong>, October 13, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“City Items”</strong>, October 19, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Deal closed”</strong>, November 4, 1903</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Let us have an electric line to Biloxi”</strong>, November 25, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“The cars”</strong>, December 15, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Money makers”</strong>, March 25, 1904.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Work on Coast railway to begin”</strong>, July 4, 1905.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Electric&nbsp;plant sold to Jones</strong>\"&nbsp;July 7, 1905.</span></span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“</strong>[E.G. Burklin] <strong>Wants to hear from Biloxi”</strong>, March 4, 1911.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi promoter </strong>[E.G. Burklin] <strong>of 1893 writes”</strong>, October 4, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Eaton makes statement</strong><strong>”</strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">, January 2, 1926.</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Tech [sic] Bus Line will not take up Coast passengers</strong><strong>”</strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">, October 13, 1927.</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily News, </em><strong>“Power line to Coast included in companies program”</strong>, March 28, 1926.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n', '', '2');
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('book', 0, 119, 122, 'en', 0, '<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>GULF ISLANDS NATIONAL SEASHORE </strong>[GINS]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><strong>REFERENCES:</strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Daily Herald, <strong>\'Causeway </strong>[to connect Coast with Ship and Horn Islands] <strong>bill is now up for action\'</strong>, April 16, 1954. p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald,<strong>&nbsp;<strong>“Public invited to talks on Island Toll causeway</strong><strong>”</strong>,&nbsp;</strong>December 10, 1964, p. 7)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald,<strong>&nbsp;<strong>“</strong><strong>Gulf Islands Seashore listed in mational guide”</strong>, </strong>May 2, 1973.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald,<strong> <strong>“</strong>[Land] <strong>Claims on Gulf Islands lost”</strong>, </strong>September 30, 1980, Sec. II, p. B1.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, <strong><strong>“Gulf Islands district headquarters to be named for William Colmer”</strong>, March 21, 1983, p. 2.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Ocean Springs Gazette, <strong>\"GINS releases final plan\"</strong>, July 24, 2014, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Ocean Springs News,<strong>&nbsp;\"Ship Island for National Park\"</strong>, June 15, 1967.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Ocean Springs News,<strong> <strong>“New Visitors Center &nbsp;</strong>[interim contact station until new visitor’s center constructed]<strong>opens at GINS”</strong>, July 21, 1977, p. 1.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Seashore State project”</strong>, October 8, 1970, p. 1.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Gulf ? Seashore site positive for Springs”</strong>, December 2, 1971, p. 1.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“GINS map”</strong>, January 6, 1972, p. 1.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record,&nbsp;<strong>“Seashore legislation introduced”</strong>, February 17, 1972, p. 1.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record,&nbsp;<strong>“Highway officials discuss Seashore link”</strong>, February 24, 1972, p. 1.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record,&nbsp;<strong>“Seashore Amendment moves towards House approval”</strong>, March 23, 1972, p. 1.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record,&nbsp;<strong>“Colmer\'s statement to the House Interior Committee”</strong>, March 23, 1972, p. 3.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record,&nbsp;<strong>“A biographical sketch of Congressman Colmer”</strong>, March 23, 1972, p. 11.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Cabinet officials to visit Springs”</strong>, April 6, 1972, p. 1.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Interior Secretary </strong></strong>[Roger Morton]<strong><strong> dedicates Gulf Seashore project”</strong>, April 27, 1972, p. 1.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record,&nbsp;<strong>“Offshore&nbsp;islands for the birds”</strong>, May 11, 1972, p. 2.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Federal Government receives Magnolia Park”</strong>, July 27, 1972, p. 1.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Ship Island study started”</strong>, December 21, 1972, p. 5.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Ship Island under Federal ownership”</strong>, January 4, 1973, p. 6.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Ship Island under control of Gulf Islands Seashore”</strong>, January 4, 1973, p. 7.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“GINS hearing set”</strong>, November 28,1974, p. 2.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record,&nbsp;<strong>“Gulf Islands Seashore has 350,000 visitors”</strong>, January 8, 1976, p. 1.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record,&nbsp;<strong>“Park Service accepting bids [on roads leading into park]”</strong>, January 8, 1976, p. 1.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Gulf Islands offers recreation for all ages”</strong>, March 11, 1976, p. 9.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Supervisors told Ocean springs&nbsp; did not lose headquarters”</strong>, May 6, 1976, p. 1.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Gulf Islands sets new information”</strong>, September 23, 1976, p. E2.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Federal cutbacks can be felt at National Park”</strong>, July 23, 1981, p. 1.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Settlement reached on claims ro Mississippi’s barrier islands land”</strong>, December 9, 1982, p. 8.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“GINS W.R. Colmer Visitor Center dedicated on April 1st”</strong>, March 31, 1983, p. 2.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Thirty years old, alive and well: GINS celebrates”</strong>, January 11, 2001, p. 12.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“ ‘Ranger Bill’ retires after 32 years with Park service”</strong>, December 5, 2002 p. B3.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong>“Gulf Islands moving forward”</strong>, March 6, 2008, p. &nbsp;A1.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Sun Herald, <strong>“Park Service to ground personal watercraft”</strong>, March 6, 2001, p. A1.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Sun Herald, \"Gulf Islands among top ten parks\", April 11, 2013, p. A2.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Sun Herald, \"Coast tourism booming-GINS has $44 million impact in state</strong><strong>\", March 8, 2014, p. D-6.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Sun Herald, \"</strong><strong>[US Army Corps of Engineers]</strong><strong> Corps asking for comment on barrier island restoration plan\", March 8, 2014, p. A3.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Sun Herald, \"Officials seek input on safer roads in Gulf Islands park</strong><strong>\", August 31, 2014, p. A4.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>___________________________________________________________________________</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Mississippi Sandhill Cranes</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Mississippi Sandhill cranes are one of six &nbsp;subspecies of Sandhill cranes and are indigenouse only to the grassy savannas of south Jackson County, Mississippi.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Sun Herald, \'With a little human help, Sandhill cranes hang on\', December 15, 1985, p. A-4.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">_____________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/cat-island-southward-facing-9-29-17_original.jpg\" style=\"height:333px; width:500px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>CAT ISLAND</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Colonial days</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Juan de Cuevas</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Cat Island Harbor</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>(see The Daily Picayune, November 13, 1873, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Cat Island Lighthouse</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Built circa 1873?&nbsp;&nbsp; Acquired by Nathan V. Boddie, son of George Boddie, Harrison County engineer, in December 1948 from the War Assets Administration for $440.&nbsp; He planned to dismantle it for lumber salvage.<em>(The Daily Herald, December 8, 1948, p.11)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1893 Hurricane</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Quarantine Station</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;<strong>Quarantine Board of Mobile County were visitors to Scranton</strong>&nbsp;[Pascagoula] to inspect the quarantine plant at Cat Island, and&nbsp;<strong>found it suitable, to make arrangements for its removal to Mobile Bay</strong>.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, August 16, 1898, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Lighthouse</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202018-08-31%20at%201.53.42%20PM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:12px\">[The Progress, July 2, 1904, p. 4]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>SYC annual cruise and long distance race</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">(see The Daily Picayune, July 5, 1905, p. 9)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Joseph H. Duggan</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Joseph Henry Duggan (1834-1891) was born in Virginia of Irish parentage.&nbsp; He married Ida Adele Fowler (1846-1900), a Louisiana native, circa 1867.&nbsp; Nine children: Adele Ida Duggan (1869-1957); Mary Francis Duggan (1871); Joseph H. Duggan Jr. (1873) m. Bertha Mary Lobdell (1874-1963); Eugene F. Duggan (1876); Edith Bayer Duggan (1878-1932); Miriam Gurlin Duggan (1880-1955) m. Dr. Laurence R. DeBuys (1879-1957); Isabel Duggan (1882-1970) m. Frank M. Dameron (1862-1938); Lillian Agnes Duggan (1885-1907) m. Ashton Hayward (1881-1963); Louise Mather Duggan (1887-1963) m. Thomas Dugan Westfeldt (1887-1974); and Philip R. Duggan (1890-1934) m. Elise R. Urquhart (1890).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Nathan V. Boddie</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Nathan Van Boddie acquired the majority interest in Cat Island in March 1911 from Benjamin M. Harrod (1837-1912), Gertrude T. Duggan Carnal (1879-1944); H. Gibbs Morgan; Adele Ida Duggan; Edith Bayer Duggan; Miriam Duggan DeBuys (1880-1955); Isabel Duggan Dameron; Louise Duggan Westfeldt; &nbsp;Philip R. Duggan (1890-1934); and Joseph H. Duggan Jr. (1873). The consideration was $9630 for the approximately 3000 acres island.<em>(The Daily Herald, March 18, 1911, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Nathan V. Boddie (1850-1920+) was a native of Mississippi.&nbsp; He was reared in rural Hinds and Madison County, Mississippi, as&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Boddie, his father and a native of North Carolina made his livelihood farming.&nbsp; Nathan married Sallie Atkinson (1855-1920+) in October 1880.&nbsp; They were the parents of two sons: Nathan Van Boddie II (1885-) and George R. Boddie (1891-1920+)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Grazing lease</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Sawmill</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In late April 1915, D.B. Lemon, an experienced mill man, planned to harvest timber from Cat Island.&nbsp; Estimated reserves at 3,500,000 board feet.&nbsp; Mill could process 7,000 board feet each day.&nbsp; Lumber shipped to Gulfport for domestic and export utilization.<em>(The Daily Herald, April 28, 1915, p. 7)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1919</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Casino Hotel Company Inc. of Cat Island, Mississippi</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In early 1919, the <strong>Casino Hotel Company Inc., a Louisiana company based in new Orleans, had aspirations to develop Cat Island as a resort.</strong> &nbsp;The company was led by Pres., F.A. Middleton-NOLA; Vice-pres., R.C. Herren-Greenwood, Ms.; Sec., I.N. Wise-Yazoo City, Ms.; Treasurer, George M. Foote-Gulfport, Ms.; and Board memeber, H.H. Casteel of Pickens. Ms. &nbsp;Newspaper says that <strong>Cat Island owned by Hernando Money, W.M. Money and Mr. Homason of Alabama.</strong>(The Daily Herald, January 19, 1921, p. 1 and February 22, 1921, p. 3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Wharves</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Colonel Thomas, US Engineer\'s Office at Mobile, granted permission on June 12, 1920 to the owners of Cat Island to build three boat wharves one each on the east, north and south sides of the island.&nbsp;<em>(The Daily Herald, June 14, 1920, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1929</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Pass Christian [Goose Point] Tarpon Club</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">C. Bidwell Adam (1894-1982), Lt. Governor of Mississippi, et als <strong>$30,000 club house and electric power house</strong> at Goose Point <strong>was destroyed by fire in late March.</strong> &nbsp;The large club house and eight cottages was erected between May 1929 and August 1929 as a hunting and fishing venue for its members. &nbsp;John A Sutter, local water well digger, hit potable water in a well dug to 599 feet. &nbsp;It flowed at the rate of 100 gallons per minute of clear, fresh water. &nbsp;Construction was completed by mid-August 1929, but the formal opening was postponed as Lt. Governor C. Bidwell Adam was on business out of state.(The Daily Herald, May 22, 1929, August 28, 1929, p. 1 and March 28, 1932, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Mrs. Bidwell Adam landed a 94-pound tarpon off Cat Island</strong>&nbsp;in September 1930. &nbsp;She was the only Goose Point Club member to catch a tarpon that day. &nbsp;Emile Godchaux of New Orleans and anglers from Belzoni, Mississippi and Pass Christian, Mississippi were in the fishing party.(The Times-Picayune, September 15, 1930, p. 17)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Iowa Raccoons&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Mrs. Sallie A. Boddie leased the island to Mississippi Game and Fish Commission and in May 1933 they began importing raccoons from Iowa.&nbsp; These animals were considered to have a superior fur to the indigenous animals.&nbsp; Imported mink were planned for the furture as the State game commission was attempting to create a game preserve on Cat Island.(The Daily Herald, May 10, 1933, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>World War II</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;<img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/cat%20island%20dogs.jpg\" style=\"height:187px; width:300px\" /></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">US Army trains dogs to detect enemy soldiers.[The Sun Herald, January 11, 2009 and December 19, 2016]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Boddie Claim confirmed in 1968</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In March 1968, <strong>Federal Judge,&nbsp;Dan M. Russell Jr., opined that the Boddie family\'s claim&nbsp;to Cat Island was valid. </strong>&nbsp;In the Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Cause, <strong>Mrs. J.W. Keen v. N.V. Boddie, George R. Boddie, and Sarah E. Boddie Buffington</strong>, Judge Russell determined that an 1837 deed from John Quave, aka&nbsp;Juan de Cuevas, to Judah P. Benjamin was valid. &nbsp;He also recognized that the Boddie clainm to Cat Island was proved by record of title and adverse possession and occupation from 1932 to 1968.(The Daily Herald, March 8, 1989, p. 1 and <strong>US District Court </strong>[Gulfport, Ms] <strong>Case No. 2561 </strong>and Book 601, p. 324 and Book 609, p. 285-probably final records. &nbsp;<strong>see also &lt;eservices.archives.gov/servicesonline&gt;)</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>GINS</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Cat Island became part of GINS in 2000?</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>British Petroleum oil disaster-2010</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Occurred April 2010 with the explosion and burning of TransOcean drilling rig working for British Petroleum on its Macondo Prospect deep water exploration well situated in Mississippi Canyon OCS Block 2?&nbsp; , off the coast of Louisiana.&nbsp; Oil flowed continuously for nearly&nbsp;&nbsp; months and was transported by wind and ocean currents to the shores of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida.&nbsp; The Mississippi Barrier Islands were particularly affected.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>British Petroleum acquisition</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In early April 2011, British Petroleum acquired from the Boddie family the eastward facing beach of Cat Island.&nbsp; The National Park Service owns and protects about 1000 acres as part of GINS while the Boddie family still possesses some island acreage.&nbsp; There are also about thirty private lots on the island.&nbsp; Ray Melick, spokesman for BP, related that the oil giant acquired the eastern facing shore face to facilitate their efforts in its removal of residual oil and ‘tar balls’.&nbsp; This work is facilitated when not privately owned.&nbsp; The company released a statement in conjunction with the Cat Island acquisition as follows:&nbsp; <strong><em>“The purchase of this section of Cat Island is in keeping with BP’s commitment to preserve and protect the environment, ecology, and historical significance of the Mississippi barrier islands for future generations.”</em></strong><em>(The Sun Herald, April 8, 2011, p. A1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">British Petroleum vends Cat Island acreage</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In December 2016, the <strong>State of Mississippi acquired the 492 acres that British Petroleum had bought from the Boddie family</strong> in April 2011. &nbsp;The Federal Mississippi Coastal Improvements Program acquired the tract for $13.7 million and transferred title to the citizens of Mississippi at no cost. &nbsp;The US Army Corps of Engineers planned to commence in February or March 2017 to \"renourish\"&nbsp;the eastern beach of Cat Island and restore Goose Point to its pre-1998 configuration and adding 40-acres.[The Sun Herald, December 10, 2016, p. A-1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">East Beach Restoration-2017</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">In September 2017, the <strong>East Beach of Cat Island was being restored to its pre-1998 size and appearance</strong> by a dredge boat pumping 50,000 cubic yards of sand each day and eventually adding 40 acres to the island. &nbsp;This 16 million dollar reenourishment project was funded by the Mississippi Coastal Improvements Barrier Island Restoration Plan.[The Sun Herald, September 29, 2017]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Nap L. Cassibry II, <u>The Ladner Odyssey</u>, (Miss. Coast Historical &amp; Genealogical Society: Biloxi, Mississippi-1987).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">David L. Cipra, <u>Lighthouses &amp; Lightships of the Northern Gulf of Mexico</u>, (Department of Transportation-United States Coast Guard-1976).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">John Cuevas, Cat Island: <u>The HIstory of a Mississippi Gulf Coast Barrier Island</u>, (McFarland-2011).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Robin F.A. Fabel, <u>The Economy of British West Florida (1763-1783)</u>, (University of Alabama Press: Tuscaloosa, Alabama-1988).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">R.D. Foxworth, Richard R. Priddy, Wendell B. Johnson, and Williard S. Moore, <u>Heavy Minerals of Sand From Recent Beaches of the Gulf Coast of Mississippi and Associated Islands</u>, Mississippi Geological Survey Bulletin No. 93, (University of Mississippi-1962).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Paul Estronza La Violette, <u>Sink or be Sunk: The Naval Battle in the Mississippi Sound that Preceded the Battle of New Orleans</u>, (Annabelle Publishing-Waveland, Mississippi-2002).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><u>Marine Resources and History of the Mississippi Gulf Coast</u>, <strong><em>“Cat Island”</em></strong>, Volume II, (Mississippi Department of Marine Resources: Biloxi, Mississippi-1998).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Richebourg Gaillard McWilliams, <u>Iberville’s Gulf Journals</u>, (The University of Alabama Press: University, Alabama-1981).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">John D. Ware, <u>George Gauld: Surveyor and Cartographer of the Gulf Coast</u>, (University Presses of Florida: Gainesville/Tampa-1982)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>Journals</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>The Biloxi Herald</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Cat Island”</strong>, January 25, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“The Recent Great Storm”</strong>, October 7, 1893.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Quarantine Station at Cat Island”</strong>, July 25, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Is it fake?</strong>, January 23, 1897.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Resort for Cat Island”</strong>, February 26, 1906.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>The Daily Herald</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Title to Cat Island”</strong>, February 24, 1905.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Cat Island to be redeemed”</strong>, March 5, 1906.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“The Cat Island proposition”</strong>, May 12, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“The week’s record of deed filed”</strong>, March 18, 1911.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Valuable property changes hands”</strong>, May 17, 1912.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Pine trees on Cat Island to be tapped”</strong>, March 14, 1911.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Fishing club for Cat Island”</strong>, May 10, 1912, p. 6.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Valuable property changes hands”</strong>, May 17, 1912.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Cattle thrive on Cat Island”</strong>, October 27, 1913.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“D.B. Lemon to Start Saw Mill”</strong>, April 28, 1915, p. 7.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Abandon Cat Island as pastures”</strong>, September 10, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Cat Island to be fully developed”</strong>, December 3, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Permission granted for wharves on Cat Island by War Department”</strong>, June 14, 1920.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Deal is&nbsp;consummated to make Cat Island a popular resort”</strong>, January 19, 1921, p.1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Cat Island will help the Coast”</strong>, January 28, 1921.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Prospectus for Cat Island development”</strong>, February 22, 1921, p. 3.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,&nbsp;<strong>\"Make headway on Club House [</strong><strong>at Goose Poi</strong><strong>nt</strong><strong>]\"</strong>, May 22, 1929.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,&nbsp;<strong>\"6th Annual Tarpon Rodeo\"</strong>, August 28, 1929.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,&nbsp;<strong>\"$30,000 Club House at Goose Point is destroyed by fire\"</strong>, March 28, 1932.</span></span></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, <strong>\"Island to get Iowa raccoons\"</strong>, May 10, 1933.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Lift restrictions off Cat Island”</strong>, January 24, 1946.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Nathan V. Boddie buys 75-year-old island lighthouse”</strong>, December 8, 1948.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Four rescued from Cat Island”</strong>, September 7, 1956, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,<strong>&nbsp;<strong>“Know Your State-When the Seminoles were on Cat Island</strong><strong>”</strong></strong><strong>,</strong>&nbsp;August 18, 1964, p. 4.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,<strong>&nbsp;<strong>“Public invited to talks on Island Toll causeway</strong><strong>”</strong>,&nbsp;</strong>December 10, 1964, p. 7</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Judge Russell...sustains Boddies\' claim to Island”</strong>, March 8, 1968.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“</strong>[Individual land] <strong>Claims on Gulf Isalnds lost”</strong>, July 30, 1980.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, <strong>\"Cat Island eyed for rocket launch\"</strong>, July 20, 1983, p. A1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, <strong>\"Plan to use Cat Island as launch site draws support\"</strong>, July 21, 1983, p. A1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>The Daily Picayune</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“A day or two at Pass Christian”</strong>, October 1, 1841.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Coast Survey”</strong>, January 27, 1848.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Letter from Pass Christian”</strong>, August 21, 1850.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Body found”</strong>, January 7, 1851.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Fifteen dollars reward”</strong>, March 2, 1852.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Reminiscences of a trip to Cat Island”</strong>, July 13, 1862.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Wayside Notes”</strong>, November 13, 1873.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“The White Gods of Cat Island”</strong>, May 22, 1892.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“A touchy tragedy by Cat Island Light”</strong>, July 9, 1904.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“Southern Yacht Club cruise plan”</strong>, July 5, 1905, p. 9.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune, </em><strong>“On Cat Island”</strong>, September 15, 1907.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Picayune,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Two Washington Artillery veterans dead”</strong>, September 28, 1911.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Jeffersonian, </em><strong>“Fortifications and Light Houses”</strong>, 18.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><em><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Progress</span></span></em></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Progress&nbsp;</em>[Ocean Springs],&nbsp;<strong>\'Death</strong> [Dan McCall]<strong>\'</strong>, July 2, 1904, p. 4.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>The Sun Herald</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Congress passes bill for Cat Island sale”</strong>, December 21, 2000, p. A2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em>“<strong>Family will keep its half”</strong>, April 18, 2004, p. A1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“The war dogs of Cat&nbsp;Island failed experiment used donated pets\'</strong>, January 11, 2009 and Decemebr 9, 2016.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“BP buys east beach of Cat Island”</strong>, April 8, 2011. P. A1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Cat Island helps create a bright legacy”</strong>, July 16, 2013.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Early Christmas gift to Mississippi: more of Cat Island”</strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">, December 10, 2016.</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Did you&nbsp;know that you owned an island off the Mississippi Coast, well most of one”</strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">, September 29, 2017.</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">_________________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>CHANDELEUR ISLANDS</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,</em><strong>“Quarantine Station”</strong>, February 15, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Screen%20Shot%202017-12-08%20at%208.11.40%20PM.png\" style=\"height:203px; width:319px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, June 4, 1913, p. 8.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Complete </strong><strong>[Jack Valentine]</strong><strong> third trip in study of island birds”</strong>, June 6, 1968.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“[</strong><strong>Individual land]</strong><strong> Claims on Gulf Islands lost”</strong>, September 30, 1980.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">__________________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>DEER ISLAND</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Oysters</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Salvador Taranto (1881-19&nbsp;&nbsp; ) was vending \'famous Deer Island\' oysters at his business at 701 West Howard Avenue in October 1908.&nbsp; The oysters sold for 10 cents a dozen on ice with all condiments provided.&nbsp; Taranto also sold the fienst fruits and vegetables.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, October 3, 1908, p. 8)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1915</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;<strong>Deer Island Island Development Company formally dedicated their Deer Island amusement center</strong>&nbsp;on June 23rd.&nbsp; Meyer Eiseman of the DIDC;&nbsp; George W. Grayson of the Biloxi Commercial Club; Mayor Glennan of Biloxi; Mayor Foote of Gulfport; and Mayor Saucier of Pass Christian spoke at the ceremony.&nbsp; Ocean Springs beat Biloxi 5-2 in the baseball game.(The Gulfport Advocate, June 26, 1915, p. 1)<br />\r\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>4th July 1915</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Visitors to Deer Island to celebrate Independence Day 1915 were treated to a baseball game, a fancy skating exhibition by \'Marvelous\' Davis. &nbsp;Dancing and fireworks capped the evening festivities as crowds lingered until midnight on the sandy grounds. &nbsp;The Barn Dance, particularly enjoyed by the rural crowd, &nbsp;was a novelty.(The Daily Herald, July 6, 1915, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1937 Fire</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In February, Several homes on Deer Island were spared damage from the recent fire.(The Daily Herald, February 4, 1937, p. 5)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Nudist Colony?</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Sunshine and Health</strong>, official magazine of the American Sunbathers Association, Inc., announced in its December issue that a&nbsp;<strong>new nudist organization is planning a nudist colony on Deer Island</strong>.(The Daily Herald, December 18, 1947, p. 16)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Hermit of Deer Island</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">John R. Guilhot (1877-1959), the hermit of Deer Island, died at Latimer, Jackson County, Mississippi on May 27, 1959.(The Daily Herald, May 28, 1959)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Option extended</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Biloxi Port&nbsp;Commision extended the Biloxi Bridge and Park Commission\'s option on the west end of Deer Island for another 30 months. &nbsp;</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The Port Commission owns about 11 acres on the edge of the island.(The Daily Herald, March 13, 1968, p. 19)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>2012 Rezoned</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In April 2012, the Biloxi City Council in a 5-1 vote rezoned eight acres on Deer Island from agricultural to waterfront. &nbsp;Larry Mitrenga, owner and developer of this Deer Island tract, proposes to erect eight, three-story buildings with 96 units. &nbsp;Two of the structures would be condos.(The Sun Herald, April 18, 2012, p. A1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>The Bay Press,</em> “Deer Island Now Belongs to the People of Mississippi”, May 24, 2002.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi-D’Iberville Press, </em>‘Time Traveler’-<strong>“The Hermit of Deer Island”</strong>, August 14, 2008, p. A4.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>\"Latest City News\", </strong>August 22, 1896.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Tragedy on Deer Island”</strong>, September 15, 1903.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Fine fresh oysters”</strong>, October 3, 1908, p. 8.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Negotiations Started For Purchase Of Deer Island; Surveys Are Made”</strong>, January 20, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Planning To Buy On Deer Island To Make Resort”</strong>, January 23, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Lynch Was Asked To go To Island”</strong>, January 25, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Island Project Still Hangs Fire”</strong>, January 25, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“May Build A City Of Tents On Isle”</strong>, January 26, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Dance Pavilion”</strong>, May 2, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Ferry Service To Begin To Island”</strong>, May 29, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Deer Island”</strong>, June 15, 1915, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Biloxi v. Ocean Springs”</strong>, July 3, 1915, p. 7.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Deer Island”</strong>, July 6, 1915, p. 2.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Deer Island Will Continue As Usual”</strong>, July 14, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Dance Pavilion”</strong>, August 2, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Deer Island Lots With Oyster Beds Sold To </strong>[James S.] <strong>Wentzell”, </strong>October 29, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi Fertilizer To Be Used”</strong>, September 13, 1922.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Deer Island Added To Shore As Realty Sales Develop”</strong>, April 24, 1925.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“To Improve Deer Island”</strong>, May 19, 1925.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,<strong>“Mass meeting last night </strong>[on Deer Island bar], February&nbsp;4, 1926.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, &nbsp;<strong>“Lions </strong>[Club] <strong>oppose</strong> [Deer]<strong>&nbsp;island bar”</strong>, February 11, 1926.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Rules against </strong>[see Wood v. H.D. Money and Louis E. Curtis]<strong> made Islands”</strong>, August 24, 1926.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Urges use of Deer Island”</strong>, January 20, 1931.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Fire on Deer Island”</strong>, February 4, 1937.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“</strong>[113th Observation]<strong> Squadron starts ground firing off Deer Island Saturday”</strong>, May 16, 1941, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Air Squadron leaves Biloxi </strong>[returns to Meridian]<strong>”</strong>, June 2, 1941, p. 7.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Daily Herald, </em></em><strong>“[</strong>John R. Gulhart (sic)]<strong> Reports wallet missing”,</strong> August 5, 1946, P. 7..</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Two Homes Are Destroyed on Deer Island”, </strong>September 23, 1947.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Nudist Colony Being Planned For Deer Island”</strong>, December 18, 1947.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Causeway to Deer Island”</strong>, October 5, 1951.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Board to enter contract for Causeway Study”</strong>, June 29, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Causeways-Pro and Cons”</strong>, November 27, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Group will negotiate for islands”</strong>,&nbsp;November 29, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>“Desire New Site Proposed Bridge To Deer Island”</strong>, December 11, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Biloxi Causeway Meeting Tuesday”</strong>, December 11, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Group Okays $300,000 For Deer Island Property”</strong>, December 16, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“</strong>[Guillhot]&nbsp;<strong>Finds haven on Deer Island for past 35 years”</strong>, April 5, 1955.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Contract signed for development of Deer Island”</strong><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">, January 22, 1958.</span></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“$31 million to be spent of Deer Island”</strong>, February 25, 1958.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Amendments to Deer Island bill prepared”</strong>,&nbsp;February 25, 1958.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Court says no error in Deer Island matter”</strong>,&nbsp;February 25, 1959.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, <strong>“</strong></em><em><strong>Hermit of Deer Island will be buried Friday</strong></em><em><strong>”</strong>, May&nbsp; 28, 1959</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>.The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Hear Deer Island protests”</strong>, April 5, 1960.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“City or County empowered to form agency to develop Deer Island”</strong>, April 15, 1960.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Urges Deer Isle Tip To Be Developed”</strong>, October 9, 1963.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald,<strong>&nbsp;<strong>“Public invited to talks on Island Toll causeway</strong><strong>”</strong>,&nbsp;</strong>December 10, 1964, p. 7.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Proposal Given For Development of New Offshore Islands”</strong>, December 17, 1964.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">,&nbsp;</span><strong>\"Say $436,450 to be&nbsp;approved for Deer Island\'\', </strong>November 13, 1965, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); color:rgb(51, 51, 51)\">,&nbsp;</span><strong>\"OK plans for Deer Isle plans\'\', </strong>November 19, 1965, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,&nbsp;<strong>\"Make proposal on Bridges to Islands\",&nbsp;</strong>December 16, 1965, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>, <strong>\"Plan Island, urban trips during trip\", </strong>January 28, 1966, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Daily Herald</em>, </em><strong>\"Four objections to site of bridge</strong> [from Oak Street to Deer Island]<strong>\"</strong>, July 13, 1967, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Daily Herald</em>,&nbsp;</em><strong>\"Extend option on Deer Island area</strong><strong>\"</strong>, March 13, 1968, p. 2</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Know Your Coast-<em>The Summer Deer Island Was The Coast’s Top Attraction”</em></strong>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ??</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald,<strong>&nbsp;\"Young Biloxians plan to beautify Island</strong><strong>\"</strong>, February 28, 1975, p. A1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald,<strong> \"Deer Island are for spoils </strong>[US Army Corps of Engineers]<strong>\"</strong>, November 10, 1975, p. A2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Daily Herald, </em></em><strong>“[Individual land]</strong><strong> Claims on Gulf Islands lost”</strong>, September 30, 1980.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs Gazette,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Volunteers help create habitat on Deer Island”</strong>, June 15, 2011, p. 10.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Mississippi Press, </em><strong>“Island is dear to heart of Biloxi Bay”</strong>, January 12, 2002.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Jackson County Times, </em><strong>“Would Build Bridge To Deer Island”</strong>, May 15, 1926.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News, </em><strong>“Deer Island Project Practically Certain”</strong>, January 28, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News, </em><strong>“Deer Island Project benefits Us”</strong>, February 25, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News, </em><strong>“To Feature Ocean Springs”</strong>, May 13, 1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Hearing called on study of bridges for islands”</strong>, December 10, 1964.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News, </em><strong>“To construct Deer Island pier”</strong>, April 8, 1965, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News<strong>,&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong></em><strong>“Approval land transfer for Island project”</strong>,<strong>&nbsp;</strong>February 10, 1966, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Owners Envision $2 Billion Resort”</strong>, April 4, 1997.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Deer Island lands in middle of President deal”</strong>, April 1, 1999.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“State to buy Deer Island”</strong>, January 12, 2002.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Musgrove signs Deer Island purchase”</strong>, April 2, 2002.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Island bill gains momentum, but questions remain”</strong>, March 15, 2002.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Deer Island purchase approved”</strong>, March 22, 2002.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Deer Island deal gets closer”</strong>, June 18, 2005, p. A6.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Planned one-year restoration of Deer Island begins”</strong>, September 18, 2010, p. A14.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Crews filling gap in Deer Island with sand”</strong>, September 22, 2010, p. A6.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Wildfire burns part of Deer Island; drought conditions blamed”</strong>, June 2, 2011.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Deer Island now in</strong> [Secretary of State]&nbsp;<strong>Hosemann\'s sights”</strong>, June 8, 2011.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“MDEQ: Deer Island material not oil”</strong>, August 18, 2011.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Deer Island landowner proposes building resort, condotels”</strong>, November 17, 2011.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Editorial-Don\'t build on an island we hold so dear”</strong>, November 20, 2011, p. B8.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Proposed resort would not be the first for shifting sands of the </strong>[Mississippi] <strong>Sound”</strong>, December 1, 2011, p. 2C.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Panel</strong> [Biloxi Planning Commission] <strong>doesn\'t envision Oasis condotel on Deer Island”</strong>, February 17, 2012, p. A1.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Biloxi council rezones part of Deer Island”</strong>, April 18, 2012, p. A1.</span></span>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Port </strong>[of Gulfport]<strong> dredging helping restore Deer Island”</strong>, August 25, 2012, p.&nbsp; A1.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Hosemann: Deer Island boat rides on the way”</strong>, August 15, 2014, p. A-1.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“”</strong>, , 2014, p. .</span></span></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">_________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>HORN ISLAND</strong> [ILE a’ CORNE]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Horn Island is a barrier island located in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Jackson County, Mississippi.&nbsp; The island is 16 miles in length and at its nearest point is about 6 miles south of the Mississippi coastline.&nbsp; Two passes, Horn Island Pass to the east and Dog Key Pass to the west separate it from Petit Bois and Ship Island respectively.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Topography</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Climate</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Vegetation</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Fauna</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Sea turtles and turtle eggs.&nbsp; Throughout the late 19<sup>th</sup> and into the 1950s, reports of sea turtle hunts for meat and eggs are reported in local journals at Horn Island.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Mineral Resources</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The mineral wealth of Horn Island consists primarily of it quart sand.&nbsp; In the early 1880s, quart sand was mined and transported to Moss Point where a glass factory existed for a short period. &nbsp;Although “heavy minerals”, such as staurolite, kyanite, tourmaline, ilmenite, and many others are present in thin laminated sand deposits, they are not concentrated in sufficient volumes to warrant commercial, mining operations.&nbsp; The Space Age metals titanium and zirconium are found in “heavy minerals”. &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Limited oil and gas exploration has occurred in the past and with the success of the industry in finding large reserves of natural gas in lower Mobile Bay to the east, it is anticipated that oil hunters will search the waters near Horn Island in the immediate future.&nbsp; Shallow Miocene gas is a likely target for these wildcatters.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;<strong><em><u>The Colonial Era (1699-1811)</u></em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">For over a century, Horn Island like the rest of the American southwest frontier was in the possession of foreign powers.&nbsp; France, England, and Spain all ruled this area until the United States of America took formal possession in 1811.</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><u>The French Period (1699-1763)</u></span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Discovery</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">After French Canadian soldier of fortune, Pierre Le Moyne, sieur d’Iberville (1661-1706) established a French beachhead in the Lower Mississippi River Valley at Fort Maurepas on Biloxi Bay in April 1699, subsequent reconnoitering of the coastline of La Louisiane by his brother, Jean-Baptise Lemoyne, sieur de Bienville (1680-1767) resulted in the discovery of Horn Island.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Circa 1700, called Ile aux Aigles (island of eagles)!</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">On August 24, 1699, Bienville departed Fort Maurepas with five men.&nbsp; They traveled in two birch bark canoes exploring the region east and west of Biloxi Bay as well as the Mississippi River delta.&nbsp; This expedition discovered the Pascagoula River, Round Island, Massacre Island (Dauphin Island), and Mobile Bay. At an island south of Round Island, a soldier in the Bienville party lost his powder horn. &nbsp;This event was described by Andre Penicaut, a master carpenter who came to La Louisiane with Iberville in January 1700: &nbsp;<strong><em>While coasting from there along the island on our way back, we crossed a pass about a half league wide, at the end of which is another island called Isle-a’la Corne because one of our Frenchmen had lost his powder horn there; this island lies three leagues off the mailand and is seven leaghues long, like Isle Massacre, and of the same width as it.&nbsp; It is quite barren and has the same trees as this island.&nbsp; When we reached the point of this island we sailed the three quarters of a league to Isle Surgere (Ship Island), where we had a big hunt, after which we crossed over to our fort to rest for several days.</em></strong>(McWilliams, 1988, p. 11)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Pierre Le Moyne, sieur d’Iberville’(1671-1706) ordered his men to sound the pass between Ship Island and Horn Island on April 20, 1700.&nbsp; He was searching for a better anchorage than that of Ship Island. (McWilliams, 1981, p. 139)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>First Owner</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;In October 1716, Jean-Batiste Le Moyne de Bienville was rewarded by the French crown for his service to the Louisiana Colony and given Horn Island <em>en roture</em>, a commoner’s tenure.&nbsp; He had hoped to receive it <em>en seigneurie</em>.&nbsp; Bienville was named a knight in the order of Saint-Louis on September 20, 1717.(Dictionary of Canadian Biography, 1974, p. 381)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Early Shipwrecks</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In 1725, the <em>Saone, </em>a French vessel, ran aground on Horn Island.&nbsp; To free the ship from its quartz trap, the crew discharged 300 to 400 barrels? of flour and several hogsheads of shoes into the briny sea.&nbsp; The ship’s pilot was blamed for the incident.(Rowland, Volume II, 1929, p.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; )&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>In 1737, <em>La Marguerite, </em>a sixty-ton boat, was wrecked off Horn Island.&nbsp; The vessel was returning from Cape Francois at St. Domingue (Haiti) to Louisiana.&nbsp; Second journey that year to the West Indies for the boat.(Surrey, 1916, p. 66)</strong></span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">First Settler</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;There is a high degree of certitude that <strong>Mathurin Ladner dit Christian</strong> (ca 1725-1787+) was the first white settler of Horn Island.&nbsp; He was the son of Swiss émigré, Christian Ladner (1699-17&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ), and Marie Barbe Brunel.&nbsp; Christian Ladner arrived at New Orleans in 1719, on the French flute, <em>Le Marie</em>.&nbsp; He was a young soldier recruited by the Company of the West.(Cassibry II, 1986, p. 79)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Mathurin Ladner married Marie Catherine Anne Berda (ca 1730-1786) dit Picard.&nbsp; Their children were: Catherine Ladner Carco (b. ca 1747), Jacque Ladner (b. 1750), Angelique Ladner Fayard (b. 1753), Louis Ladner (b. 1755), and Joseph Ladner (b. 1758). Nap Cassibry II, an authority on the Ladner family and Mississippi Coast history, related the following about Mathurin Ladner dit Christian in his magnus opus, The Ladner Odyssey (1988):&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong><em>I have estimated that he (Mathurin Ladner) was born circa 1725 in the Pascagoula area of the Mississippi Gulf Coast.&nbsp; We will also note as his line does progress that he spent his adult life on Horn Island off the coast of Jackson County, Mississippi, and that he died sometime between 1787 and 1800.&nbsp; There is no credible record of where he was buried, and I will not hazard a guess in this regard</em></strong>.(p. 499)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Corroboration for Cassibry II’s claim that Mathurin Ladner and family inhabited Horn Island, during the French Colonial period, is found in the Roman Catholic baptismimal records of some of his children.(Cassibry II, 1988, p. 500)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The George Gauld Survey of 1768</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>In June 1768, George A. Gauld (1732-1782), a Scottish cartographer and surveyor, in the employ of the British Admiralty, made a map of coastal Mississippi.&nbsp; He was operating from <em>HMS Sir Edward Hawke</em>.&nbsp; During his reconnaissance and charting of the region, Gauld made many observations about Horn Island.&nbsp; He discovered that it was some sixteen miles in length, but in width no more than one mile.&nbsp; Orientation was nearly east-west.&nbsp; As regards to vegetation, Gauld noted that there were uneven groves of trees on the westend of the island.&nbsp; The middle was characterized by dense growth, and the eastern end of the sand bar was fairly devoid of tree growth.(Ware, 1982, pp. 105-107)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong></span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">George A. Gauld charted an eleven-foot channel at the western tip of “Massacre” (Petit Bois) Island, which led to a good anchorage.&nbsp; Today, ships entering the port of Pascagoula, utilize the same water course albeit now dredged to a greater depth.(Ibid, p. 105)&nbsp;</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">From the perspective of history, George Gauld’s most interesting observation was that of an old hut and old house on Horn Island.&nbsp; The old house was situated in&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">John D. Ware, <strong><u>George Gauld: Surveyor and Cartographer of the Gulf Coast</u></strong>, (The University Presses of Florida: Gainesville/Tampa-1982)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><u>The Spanish Period (1780-1811)</u></span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Spanish West Florida</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Bernardo de Galvez</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Spanish forces under Bernardo de Galvez captured Mobile in</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Madame Catherine Baudrau</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Madame Catherine Baudrau (1715-1797) was born <strong>Marie Catherine Vinconneau</strong> at La Rochelle, France.&nbsp; She married <strong>Jean-Baptise Baudrau II</strong> (1707?-1757), the son of <strong>Jean-Baptise Baudrau dit Graveline</strong> and an <strong>Indian woman</strong>.&nbsp; Four children from this union:&nbsp; Jean-Baptiste Baudrau III (b ca 1735-1805+), Marie Catherine Mazurier, Louise Catherine Bosarge (1742-1806), and Claud Baudrau.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Jean-Baptiste Baudrau II</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Madame Catherine Baudrau (1705-1788+) acquired Horn Island from Spanish Governor <strong>Bernardo de Galvez</strong> in August 1781.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In 1778, Horn Island had an estimated 700 head of horned cattle.(Fabel, 1988, p. 111-112)&nbsp;&nbsp; Corroborated by Hutchins observation that inhabitants at Biloxi made tar and raised cattle.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Since Horn Island had been granted to their mother, Catherine Baudrau by the Spanish crown, the Heirs of Madame Baudrau filed Claim No. 51 to get title to Horn Island after its entry into the United States.&nbsp; They attested that the island had not be inhabited or cultivated, but that it had been utilized to raise cattle.&nbsp; Black slaves attended the Baudrau livestock.(The American State Papers, Volume 3, p. 15)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Heirs of Robert Farmar, a British Colonial military officer, also issued a claim, No. 25, to Horn Island.&nbsp; The basis for their assertion was that it had been acquired by a private conveyance from Sheffield Howard.&nbsp; Not inhabited or cultivated.(American State Papers, Volume 3, p. 34)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Heirs of Robert Farmar also claimed Dauphine Island (No. 52-55?), p. 15.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Enemy Corsair Attacks Pascagoula: September 4, 1805</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">When the Spanish governed Louisiana and West Florida from 1781-1811,the shipping and livestock of the colonials on the Mississippi Gulf Coast were always under the threat of raids and harassment from English or American privateers operating in the Mississippi Sound.&nbsp; Horn Island and Petit Bois Island afforded shelter for these raiders, and their deep water passes provided entry into the primary Spanish shipping and trade lanes connecting Pensacola, Mobile, and New Orleans.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In 1805, Don Vincente Folch, the Governor of Pensacola, was responsible for the military defense of Spanish West Florida.&nbsp; He divided the present day Mississippi Gulf Coast into two military districts: Pascagoula and Bay St. Louis.&nbsp; The Pascagoula District extended west from Pascagoula to the Old Fort (present day Ocean Springs).&nbsp; The Bay St. Louis District went west from Biloxi to Bay St. Louis.&nbsp; These two military districts reported to the commandant at Mobile who in turn was subordinate to Pensacola.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In September 1805, at Pascagoula, Captain Don Francisco Bellestre commanded an infantry detachment, while Don Juan Bautista Pellerin (1773-1815+) was in charge at Bay St. Louis. Both were responsible to Don Francisco Maximiliano de St. Maxent (1762-1815+) at Mobile.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Francisco Bellestre (1764-1820+) was born in Louisiana.&nbsp; He rose through the ranks of the Louisiana Infantry from soldier in February 1777, to Captain in April 1800. &nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Bellestre had participated in the successful campaigns of General Galvez against the English in West Florida.&nbsp; His superiors considered him a courageous, obedient, soldier of average ability.(Holmes, 1965, pp. 93-94)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Captain Bellestre arrived at Pascagoula from Mobile, on July 11, 1805.&nbsp; His orders from de St. Maxent were to establish a militia and lead it.&nbsp; Bellestre was given thirty muskets with bayonets and powder.&nbsp; With these small arms, he was expected to repel any attack and incarcerate any suspicious transients to prevent trouble which had occurred at Baton Rouge.(AGI, PC 55, July 1, 1805)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Immediately, Francisco Bellestre realized the difficulty of his task.&nbsp; The inhabitants of the Pascagoula District lived a great distance from each other, often 3 leagues or more.&nbsp; In times of crisis, it would be extremely difficult to timely muster enough militiamen to have an effective fighting force.&nbsp; Multiple attacks upon his district would only exacerbate the graveness of the situation.&nbsp; To remedy some of his military problems, Captain Bellestre requested that de St Maxent send a minimum of twenty regular army soldiers to defend the three mouths of the Pascagoula River.(AGI, PC 142-A, July 11, 1805)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Captain Bellestre and one corporal composed the regular army detachment at the Pascagoula post.&nbsp; They oversaw the formation of a local militia.&nbsp; Governor Don Bernardo de Galvez&nbsp; (1746-1786), based at New Orleans, utilized militiamen while expulsing the British from West Florida, in his military campaigns at Manchac (1779), Baton Rouge (1779), Mobile (1780), and Pensacola (1781).(Galvez, 1978, p. xiv and xv)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">During these 1779-1781 military actions, Governor Galvez concluded that militiamen recruited from the settlements were not suited for combat.&nbsp; Their significant concerns were for their families and professions, and not soldiering.(Miller, 1978, p. 46)&nbsp; As we shall see in the following engagement, this same dictum could be applied to the local, coastal militia utilized by the Spanish to protect Pascagoula in the early 1800s.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">On September 4, 1805, Francisco Bellestre, commandant at Pascagoula led the militia in their encounter and exchange of fire with the crew from an enemy corsair.&nbsp; The enemy ship had entered Horn Island Pass and captured Spanish vessels.&nbsp; The intruders armed one of the captive ships with cannons, and proceeded to Pascagoula.&nbsp; They anticipated to attack the small, poorly-defended settlement, but the militia quickly gathered to defend the district.(AGI, PC 142-A, No. 7, and AGI, PC 75, No. 7, September 5, 1805)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">During the battle of September 4, 1805, Captain Bellestre and the following men defended the Pascagoula post: (AGI, PC 142-A, September 9, 1805)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Corporal Jose Dominguez, Louisiana Infantry Regiment</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Don Jean-Baptise Nicolete, Captain of the Militia</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;Carlos Lachapeles, Lieutenant of the Militia&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;Santiago White (James White), Syndic&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;Jorge Seragui (George Farragut )&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Luis Gabriel, mestizo</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Pierre Bufele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pierre Nicola, mestizo</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Bourguillon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Batiste Nicola, mestizo</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Juan Bautista Ely (Jean-Baptiste Ely)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Alexy Nicola, mestizo</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Jose Duloran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Glaude Nicola, mestizo&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Juan Sims (John Sims)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Labe Estanabe, Indian</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Jise Rose (Jesse Rose)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tapina Oma, Indi</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Jime Wer (James Ware)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; (3) slaves of Jean-Baptiste NicoleteLuis Nicolette</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Urcin Fayar (Urcine Fayard)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Jacobo Ladnere (Jacob Ladner)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h4><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Jacobo Bing (Jacob Bang)</span></span></h4>\r\n\r\n<h4><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Sincir Le Blanc (St. Cyr Seymour)</span></span></h4>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Jaque Fayar (Jacques Fayard)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Augustin Glaude, mestizo</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Juan Bautista Adnere (Jean-Baptisite Ladner), of the Biloxi District&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;In describing the battle to his superior, Don Francisco Maximiliano de St. Maxent, at Mobile, Bellestre related that several of his men had fought gallantly at his side on the beach during the enemy attack.&nbsp; He particularly cited militiamen: Corporal Jose’ Dominguez; the elder Captain, Jean-Baptise Nicolete; Bourguillon; Bufele; Urcine Fayard; Glaude; Luis Gabriel; Augustine Glaude; and Jacobo, the mulatto slave of Jean-Baptiste Nicolete.&nbsp; The remainder of Bellestre’s men sought cover in the woods.(AGI, PC 142-A, No. 10, September 9, 1805)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The aggressors fired cannon and muskets at the Spanish militiamen with little consequences.&nbsp; Although the intense combat lasted an hour and half, the only damage sustained by the Bellestre’s force, was a broken musket carried by one of its black soldiers.&nbsp; His fire lock had been hit by a musket ball.(AGI, PC&nbsp; 142-A, No. 7 and AGI, PC 75 No. 7, September 5, 1805)&nbsp; Before the Spanish militiamen protecting Pascagoula drove off the enemy, they killed one of the aggressors and severely wounded another attacker, who suffered a broken thigh bone.(AGI, PC 142-A, No. 11, September 9, 1805)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">After the fierce encounter with the enemy force from the corsair, Captain Bellestre requested reinforcements, artillery, and munitions of his superior, Don Francisco Maximiliano de St. Maxent, at Mobile.&nbsp; Captain Bellestre desired one Sergeant and ten soldiers of the Spanish regular army.&nbsp; These regular servicemen were required to defend the Pascagoula District, as Bellestre could not depend on the local militiamen to muster with consistency.&nbsp; A six-pounder cannon with its ammunition, as well as a box of cartridges filled with the appropriate amount of gunpowder and gun flints, were also requisitioned by the Spanish captain.(AGI, PC 142-A, No. 11, September 9, 1805)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Captain Bellestre also informed St. Maxent of several examples of the militiamen’s dereliction of duty.&nbsp; Two days before the pitched battle, the corsair had been observed at the tip of Horn Island. Captain Bellestre summoned the men from the Pascagoula River country to come and assist in the defense of the coastline.&nbsp; Only one man obeyed the order.&nbsp; A Haven accompanied by an Indian came to succor, but they left when they heard the enemy cannon fire.(AGI, PC 142-A, September 12, 1805)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In addition, with great urgency, Captain Bellestre had ordered Francisco Krebs, who had been proposed as a sub-lieutenant of the militia, to gather his men at Pascagoula.&nbsp; Krebs refused to muster for the action, which occurred on the 4<sup>th</sup> of September.&nbsp;&nbsp; Krebs cited that as a representative of the local population, he realized that they faced the same dangers as the Spanish, but that they preferred to fend for themselves and their own interests.(AGI, PC 142-A, September 12, 1805)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Shortly, after the engagement at Pascagoula with the enemy corsair, Captain Francisco Bellestre in a letter to St. Maxent, alluded that his health was poor.&nbsp; He requested permission to go to Pensacola at the earliest moment possible.(AGI, PC 142-A, September 12, 1805)&nbsp; Bellestre repeated his plea to St. Maxent to be relieved of his duties on September 15, 1805.&nbsp; He cited pain, fever, and discomfort as his reasons to implore relief from his post.(AGI, PC 142-A, No. 14)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">From the correspondence between these two men after the confrontation of September 4<sup>th</sup>, 1805, it is clear that Captain Bellestre was extremely disillusioned with the attitude and apathy of the militiamen and inhabitants of the Pascagoula District.&nbsp; His post at Pascagoula lacked regular soldiers, was poorly armed, and its munitions were of inferior quality.&nbsp; Francisco Bellestre was particularly displeased with his lack of authority in punishing those who disobeyed his orders.&nbsp; Not surprisingly, he sought to leave Pascagoula, as he was a conciencious soldier and loyal to his King</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The commandant departed the Pascagoula District in mid-October 1805.&nbsp; He and Corporal F. Rodriguez and Spanish regulars delivered seventeen English prisoners to Mobile.&nbsp; The Englishmen had been captured by Don Bernardo Prieto, commandant of the galley, <em>Luisiana</em>, on October 8, 1805.&nbsp; Captain Bellestre, his soldiers, and the incarcerated English sailors traveled over land to Mobile.(AGI, PC 142-A, No. 24, October 16, 1805)&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In 1820, Captain Bellestre was living in retirement at Pensacola.&nbsp; Nancy Gorman (1773-1820+), a mulatto laundress, occupied his residence.&nbsp; She was a native of Baltimore.(Coker and Inglis, 1980, p. 117)&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Captain Juan Bautista Pellerin of Bay St. Louis, temporarily replaced Francisco Bellestre at Pascagoula, until Captain Jose’ Collins became commandant of the district on May 2, 1806.&nbsp; Jose’ Collins was formerly Captain of the Militia Dragoons.(AGI, PC 62, No. 4, May 2, 1806)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">It is interesting to note the presence of Sincir Le Blanc in the Spanish colonial militia.&nbsp; This information corroborates the postulation of Brother Jerome Lepre (1927-1998) that Le Blanc was later known as St. Cyr Seymour (1788-1845).&nbsp; Seymour and his wife, Marie-Joseph Ryan (1786-1876), were the progenitors of the large Seymour family of the Mississippi Gulf Coast.&nbsp; At the time of the skirmish with the corsair, St. Cyr Seymour was single.(Lepre, 1995, p. 56)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Epilogue</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Many readers will perhaps be descended from the Bang, Ely, Fayards, Ladners, or&nbsp; Ware who were members of this early paramilitary unit at Pascagoula.&nbsp; In addition, these archival documents give some credence to the name “Spanish Fort” which has been used at Pascagoula for generations to characterize the de La Pointe-Krebs House, one of the oldest structures extant in the lower Mississipppi River Valley. Perhaps Captain Bellestre’s early military post or billet at Pascagoula was on or near the Krebs plantation, and the term “Spanish Fort” was adopted by the locals as a guise to thwart marine marauders such as attacked the village in September 1805?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The author is deeply indebted to Dr. G. Douglas Inglis of Seville, Spain, who translated the Spanish documents from the General Archive of the Indies at Seville, which were utilized in this essay.&nbsp; Dr. Inglis directed a three-day workshop, “Colonial Family History in the Lower Mississippi Valley” at William Carey College on the Coast (Gulfport, Mississippi) from November 5-7, 1998.&nbsp; The translated Spanish documents were included in the course workbook, especially prepared for this seminar.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em><u>19<sup>th</sup> Century</u></em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><u>The United States of America (1811-1998)</u></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Jackson County</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Whale&nbsp;strandings</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Daily Picayune of 1829 and 1857 reports whales stranded on the beach&nbsp;at Horn Island..</strong>[The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 1, 1899, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Waters Family</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Waters family came to reside on Horn Island in 1845 and remained until 1920.&nbsp; Raised cattle.&nbsp; Harry Waters and Hanna Nichols lived on Horn Island.&nbsp; Their family was: Henry Waters (1845), Harriet W. Aken, William Waters, and Emma Waters.(History of JXCO, Mississippi,&nbsp; (1989), p. 388)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><u>The Civil War</u></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">During the Civil War, Union forces from Ship Island took some of the Waters’ cattle to feed Federal soldiers at Ship Island.&nbsp; They left some for the Widow Waters and family to subsist.&nbsp; No compensation for cattle taken.&nbsp; This anecdote is corroborated somewhat by Union sources, which record a raid on Horn Island in mid-March 1862.&nbsp; An expedition of soldiers from the 12<sup>th</sup> Connecticut Infantry Regiment, who were bivouacked on Ship Island, having arrived there on March 9, 1862, from New York, was sent to Horn Island in search of fresh beef.&nbsp; They captured cattle so poor, that although they were eaten, gave little pleasure to foragers.(The History of JXCO, Ms. 1989, p. 388 and Croffut and Morris, 1868, p. 145)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Pascagoula and Horn Island Harbors</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Anchorage</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Discovered by George A. Gauld of the British Admiralty in 1768.</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Timber Exports</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">A paucity of markets curtailed the growth of the timber industry in Jackson County.&nbsp; Prior to 1870, the timber market was limited to New Orleans, the Caribbean region, and Mexico.&nbsp; Shipment was primarily by shallow draft coastal s</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2>&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Schooners, as the water depth of the Mississippi Sound was not deep enough for lumber vessels of greater than 100,000 board feet capacity, to load at the mills in the Pascagoula-Moss Point area.&nbsp;</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2>&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In 1874, George Denny of Moss Point got an order for one-half million board feet of lumber from the Amazon River basin.&nbsp; This event was the catalyst, which opened the area to increased foreign exports.&nbsp; Large draft vessels, many Canadian in origin, anchored at Horn Island.&nbsp; Lumber from the local mills reached the export ships by rafts and lighters having a capacity of 40,000 board feet each.(Hickman, 1962), pp. 47-48)&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">(see Port of Pascagoula, (PD-Star, 8-16-1901, p. 1)</span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Horn Island Pass</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>George A. Gauld charted an eleven-foot channel at the western tip of “Massacre” (Petit Bois) Island, which led to a good anchorage.&nbsp; Today, ships entering the port of Pascagoula, utilize the same water course albeit now dredged to a greater depth.(Ware, 1982, p. 105)&nbsp;</strong></span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In June 1884, the Swedish bark, <strong><em>Vagoola</em></strong><em>, </em>was towed through Horn Island Pass and sounded water depths, no less than twenty-one feet.&nbsp; It was anticipated that with Congressional appropriations for dredging that Horn Island Pass could be deepened to accommodate ships of great drafts.(<em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, June 6, 1884, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Channels into Horn Island Harbor and to Ship Island</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">A pass from the Gulf of Mexico into Horn Island Harbor (channel at outer bar).&nbsp; $50,000 cost of required dredging to secure an anchorage at Horn Island 20 feet in depth.(<em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, December 9, 1898, p.)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In January 1899, the War Department estimated that a dredged channel from Horn Island to Ship Island would cost&nbsp; $1,089,637 for a 23-foot deep passage connecting the two barrier islands.(<em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, January 7, 1899, p.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; )</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Accidents and drownings</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Bar Pilots</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Pilot Commissioners met in November 1881 and appointed <strong>S.A.</strong><strong>Dutch </strong>(1836-1894), <strong>Thomas Crosbie</strong>, and <strong>James Napier</strong> for the Port of Pascagoula.(<em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, November 18, 1881, LP, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1884-John Davis.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1889-pilots</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>S.H. Bugge</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Leonard Levin</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Olssen</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>W.H. George </strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>William George </strong>(1840-1900+) born England.&nbsp; Immigrated to US in 1870.&nbsp; A widower&nbsp; in 1900.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1900-<strong>James P. Fox</strong> (1848-1900+)-born Scotland.&nbsp; Immigrated 1860.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h1 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Lighthouse Service</span></span></strong></h1>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Commenced in 1874, with construction of a lighthouse on the east end of Horn Island to guide vessels entering Horn Island Pass on their way to the port of Pascagoula.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Martin Freeman (1814-1894) was the first lighthouse keeper.&nbsp; Salary in 1887 was $630 and $400 for his wife per year with rations.(<em>The Gulf Coast Advertiser, April 29, 1887)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In 1880, the Lighthouse Service ordered that a new Horn Island beacon be erected westward of the original structure.&nbsp; Storms, currents, and tides had eroded the foundation necessitating a replacement.&nbsp; A break-water constructed in early 1880 had been rapidly destroyed by high seas.&nbsp; Putnam &amp; Tobias were awarded the contract and commenced initial surveys prior to construction in July 1880.(<em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, May 21, 1880, p. 3 and July 9, 1880, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>William W. Bayly</strong> (1876-1955), son of William W. Bayly and Lee Verne Davis.&nbsp; Born on a ship off of Penscaola, Florida.&nbsp; Keeper at Chandeleur, Horn, Sand, and at the mouth of the Mississippi River.&nbsp; Formerly with a fruit company in Honduras.&nbsp; Brother: Benjamin Bayly.&nbsp; Children: Robert P. Bayly, Betty Bayly, Mrs. Russell V. Johnson (Duluth).<em>(The Daily Herald, November 26, 1955, p. 2)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Charles Johnsson, a Pole, succeeded Martin Freeman in 1894.&nbsp; Refused to leave his post in the September 1906 Hurricane and perished with his wife and daughter.&nbsp; Their remains were never found.&nbsp; Mr. Johnsson’s were interred at Mobile.(Higginbotham, 19&nbsp;&nbsp; , pp. 61-64)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">F.A. Schrieber (1871-1944) was lighthouse keeper at Horn Island in May 1918.(JXCOT, May 25, 1918, p. 5)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Moss Point Glass Factory</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In 1881,white, coarse-grained, quart sand was mined from the north shore of&nbsp; Horn Island.&nbsp; It was barged for $.50 per ton, to Moss Point where a glass factory had been established by Judge Orlando Randall (1831-1910) and W.W. Sullivan, in December 1880.&nbsp; The glass plant cost $26,000.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Glass blowers and other technical support people were imported from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.&nbsp; Glass manufacturing at the Moss Point facility was short-lived.&nbsp; The workers were unionized and two strikes curtailed production.&nbsp; A fire then destroyed the entire operation after only six weeks of glass generation.&nbsp; Some of the glass had been sold to a party in Bagdad, Florida who related that it was of the finest quality.(<em>The Daily Record Tribune, December 4, 1907)</em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Whale Sightings</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">One of the earliest sightings of these large marine mammals occurred in the spring of 1877, when Captain Delmas, aboard the <em>Escambia</em>, bound for a lumber ship at Horn Island Pass with a tow of timber, saw a black whale.&nbsp; Delmas described the cetacean as “about thirty-five feet long and looked as large as a ten-ton schooner”.(<em>The Star of Pascagoula, April 13, 1877, p. 1, c. 5)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Captain Martin Freeman of the Horn Island lighthouse observed a pod of large whales in Pascagoula Bay in February 1887.&nbsp; He postulated from the size of their fins and inability to maneuver in the ten feet of water of the Bay, that the whales must have been 60-65 feet in length.(<em>The Gulf Coast Advertiser, February 11, 1887</em>)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In March 1914, <strong>ambergris</strong>, the wax-like substance secreted by internal organs of Sperm whale, was found on Horn Island, by Ben Bailey, the assistant lighthouse keeper of Cat Island.&nbsp; Mrs. William Waters found the substance on the beach and threw it back into the water.(<em>The Ocean Springs News, March 7, 1914, p. 5, c. 5)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Early excursion boats</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Surf and sunbathing, shell collecting, picnicking, and the general excitement of a marine adventure were being enjoyed by tourists and locals on the sun-bleached, siliceous strands of Horn Island in the latter half of the 19<sup>th</sup> Century.&nbsp; An example of an excursion party numbering about thirty people aboard the <strong><em>Colonel Ingalls</em></strong>, a steam tugboat captained by W.T. Morrill, that departed the Port of Pascagoula in May 1881, follows:<strong><em>&nbsp; At 6 p.m. we crossed the bar at the mouth of the river and within 45 minutes’ pleasant run we dropped anchor off the pickets at the island when all went ashore in small boats.&nbsp; Once on the island the party wandered up and down the beach hunting shells, went in bathing in the surf, and had a delightful time generally.&nbsp; At about 10 o’clock, under the directing hands of the ladies, a sumptuous feast was spread and the crowd gathered around and enjoyed a good supper by the light of the silvery moon.&nbsp; Ice, lemons, etc. were carried along, and to say that the supper was relished and enjoyed would hardly express the idea……..At 1 a.m. we re-embarked…..On the homeward trip, under the superintendency of Wiley Green, one of the best stewards that ever trod a deck, ice cream was made and served with cake and strawberries to the entire party.</em></strong><em>(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, May 20, 1881, p. 3)</em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Captain Samuel A. Dutch (1836-1994), a native of Frankfort, Maine, and master of the <strong><em>Pretty Jemima</em></strong><em>, </em>a sailing yacht, ran excursions to Horn Island as early as 1877.&nbsp; In an advertisement in <em>The Star of Pascagoula, </em>Captain Dutch stated that his vessel left Pascagoula on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday of each week for the island.&nbsp; Round trip fare was 50 cents.&nbsp; The <strong><em>Pretty Jemima&nbsp;</em></strong>left port at 5:30 a.m.(<em>The Star of Pascagoula, June 29, 1877, p. 4 and July 6, 187, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The schooner, <strong><em>Scranton</em></strong><em>, </em>probably owned by the Gulf Fish &amp; Oyster Company, advertised in the local journal that on June 4, 1899, it was departing the Pascagoula wharf at 8 A.M. for Horn Island and would return at the convenience of the excursionists.&nbsp; Patrons could expect plenty of ice water and food-all for a round trip fare of fifty-cents.(<em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, June 2, 1899)</em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">James F. Veicich and the Municipal Park Pier</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In the late 1930s, James F. Veicich, manager of the Pascagoula Municipal Park, began daily public excursions to the east end of Horn Island.&nbsp; Tourists sought the barrier island for recreation and surf bathing.&nbsp; The <strong><em>B.J. Larsen</em>, </strong>an excursion vessel, left the Municipal Pier at 5 p.m. every day except Sunday.&nbsp; The Sunday schedule consisted of four trips to Horn Island.&nbsp; The fishermen left the pier at 4:a.m and returned at 9:00 a.m. when the first tour boat headed south for the island.&nbsp; Other Sunday voyages departed the Municipal Pier at 2:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m.&nbsp; The <strong><em>B.J. Larsen </em></strong>returned to Pascagoula from Horn Island at 9:30 p.m on Sunday evening.&nbsp;&nbsp; Joe Stratton and Troy Tillman (b. 1917) operated the <strong><em>B.J. Larsen</em>, </strong>for Mr. Veicich.&nbsp; The large, seaworthy watercraft was equipped with the following: dressing rooms and rest rooms; life preservers; a 12 foot by 23 foot awning to screen passengers from the sun.&nbsp; Cold drinks, hot coffee, and sandwiches were served at reasonable prices.<em>(The Chronicle-Star, June 10, 1938, p.1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2>&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Other local vessels transporting private parties to Horn Island at this time were the&nbsp;<u><em>Singing&nbsp;</em><em>River</em></u><em>, <u>Snapper King</u>, and <u>Mary Joy</u>. </em>&nbsp;The Municipal Pier at Pascagoula became effective as a base of operation for departing Horn Island pleasure craft after the Jackson County Dredge was perfected by Captain Adam Gautier (1873-1963).&nbsp; In early June 1938, it dredged a one hundred-foot wide channel providing seven feet of water to the Municipal Pier.&nbsp; The County dredge was also used to pump spoils from the Mississippi Sound to create a sand beach along the shoreline at Pascagoula.<em>(The Chronicle-Star, June 17, 1938, p. 1)</em></span></span></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Ship Wrecks-Groundings</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In May 1884, the Russian bark, <strong><em>Iliana</em></strong><em>,</em> under the command of Captain Engblom and piloted by John Davis, ran aground on Horn Island, southeast of the lighthouse.&nbsp; No apparent damage was observed, but a diver was dispatched to ascertain the condition of the hull’s bottom before loading commenced.(<em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, May 9, 1884, p. )</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><u>20<sup>th</sup> Century</u></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Charles Brash <strong>married</strong> Anna C. Johnson on October 14, 1900.&nbsp; The wedding took place in the lighthouse on Horn Island.(The History of Jackson County, Mississippi, 1989, p. 35)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The 1901 Storm</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The September 1906 Storm</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Sand for sale</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">See advertisement of Builders Supply Company in <em>The Ocean Springs News, January 23, 1909, p. 4.</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>USS MISSISSIPPI -1909</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The <strong>USS Mississippi</strong>, a battleship, <strong>visited Horn Island</strong> on May 31st and June 1st.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, May 25, 1909, p.1 and May 31, 1909, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Oil Fever</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Taylor Gauche and Paul Jahncke of New Orleans.(<em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, July 5, 1909, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Channels and Harbors</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In March 1915, the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors Improvement (now Corps of Engineers) recommended that Congress appropriate $283,000 for the deepening of the Pascagoula River and Harbor.&nbsp; Included in this plan was that the channel from Horn Island into Pascagoula be 225 feet in width and 22 feet deep.(<em>The Moss Point Advertiser, March 19, 1915, p. 1, c. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The 1915 Hurricane</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The 1916 Hurricane</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</h2>\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">WW I</span></span></strong></h2>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Thirty-five to forty miles of communication cable was run from Horn Island to Chandeleur Island for coastal defense in August 1917.(JXCO Times, August 11, 1917, p. 3, c. 5)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Prohibition</strong> (1919-1933)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;<strong>Mississippi&nbsp;</strong><strong>Issues First Land&nbsp;Patent</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In March 1925, the State of Mississippi issued a land patent to N.D. Thomas.&nbsp; Mr. Thomas acquired 160 acres in</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In October 1925, Federal Government would sell 1045 acres of land on Horn Island appraised from $1.25 to $2.50 per acre.<em>(The Daily Herald, July 14, 1925, p. 5)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>WW II</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Biological-Chemical Warfare Research</strong>.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;In February 1947, the War Assets Administration offered for public sale the approximate forty buildings at the Horn Island chemical warfare service station.&nbsp; The temporary quarters consisted of barracks, officers’ quarters, mess halls, warehouses, and other typical military structures.&nbsp; In addition, the island’s electrical and water systems were on the sales block.(<em>The Jackson County Times, February 15, 1947, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Mississippi Press, </em>“<strong>Horn&nbsp;</strong><strong>Island&nbsp;</strong><strong>may pose danger because of ordnance, chemicals”, </strong>April 22, 1993, p. 3-A.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald</em> [editorial], <strong>\"A hazardous legacy\"</strong>, August 12, 2012, p. 11-A.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1947 Hurricane</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>The Islander</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Walter Inglis Anderson (1903-1965)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Air Crash-May 1953</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">1954-Proposed Causeway</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The House Ways and Means committee of the<strong> state legislature approved a bill to authorize construction of a causeway comnnecting Ship and Horn Islands </strong>with&nbsp;the Mississippi Gulf Coast.[The Daily Herald, April 16, 1954, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Black Gold Search-1954</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Oil and gas mineral leases acquired by Gulf Oil and Melben in 1952. &nbsp;A 13,000-foot exploratory well bottomed in Lower Cretaceous strata and completed in June 1954 as a dry hole.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Silver City-1955</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In March 1955, Paul Mateo Skrmetti (1895-1968), a Biloxi realtor, platted a subdivision on the west end of Horn Island called “Silver City”.(Jackson County, Mississippi Chancery Court Plat Book 2, p. 74)&nbsp; Skrmetti was a native of&nbsp; Croatia.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Horn&nbsp;Island&nbsp;National Wildlife Refuge-1958</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In May 1958, the US Department of the Interior created the HINWR.(Book 296, p. 194)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In November 1959, A.P. “Fred” Moran (1897-1967) was authorized to buy tracts on Horn Island.(<em>The Ocean Springs News, November 12, 1959, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Gulf&nbsp;Islands&nbsp;National Seashore-</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">As early as 1980, the Federal government was contemplating ways to protect all barrier islands along America’s shoreline.&nbsp; (<em>The Times Picayune, February 3, 1980, p.&nbsp;&nbsp; )</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">New visitors center dedicated on April 1, 1983, at Davis Bayou Unit of GINS.&nbsp; Dedicated to W.R. Colmer, US Representative from Pascagoula, Mississippi.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Hurricane Katrina</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Morning of August 29, 2005.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>Books</em></span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><u>The American State Papers, Volume 3, (1815-1924)</u></strong>, (reprint Southern Historical Press:&nbsp; Greenville, South Carolina-1994).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Donald Muir Bradburn,&nbsp;<strong><u>Last Barriers: Photographs in the Gulf Islands National Seashore</u></strong>, (University Press of Mississippi-Jackson, Misssissippi-2011).&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Nap Cassibry II, <strong><u>Early Settler and Land Grants at Biloxi</u></strong>, Volume I, (Mississippi Coast Historical &amp; Genealogical Society: Biloxi, Mississippi-1986).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Nap Cassibry II, <strong><u>The Ladner Odyssey</u></strong>, (Mississippi Coast Historical &amp; Genealogical Society: Biloxi, Mississippi-1988).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Croffut and Morris<strong>, ConnecticutDuring the Rebellion, (1868).</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><u>Dictionary of Canadian Biography</u>, </strong>“Le Moyne De Bienville, Jean-Baptiste”, Volume III, (1741-1770), (University of Toronto Press: Toronto, Canada-1974).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">David L. Cipra, <strong><u>Lighthouses &amp; Lightships of the Northern Gulf of Mexico</u></strong>, (Department of Transportation-United States Coast Guard-1976).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Robin F.A. Fabel, <strong><u>The Economy of British West Florida (1763-1783)</u></strong>, (University of Alabama Press: Tuscaloosa, Alabama-1988).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">R.D. Foxworth, Richard R. Priddy, Wendell B. Johnson, and Williard S. Moore, <strong><u>Heavy Minerals of Sand From Recent Beaches of the Gulf Coast of Mississippi and Associated Islands</u></strong>, Mississippi Geological Survey Bulletin No. 93, (University of Mississippi-1962).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Marcel Giraud, <strong><u>A History of French Louisiana, The Reign of Louis XIV, (1698-1715)</u></strong>, Volume I, (LSU Press: Baton Rouge-1974)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><u>The History of Jackson County, Mississippi</u></strong>, (The Jackson County Genealogical Society: Pascagoula, Mississippi-1989).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><u>Marine Resources of the Mississippi Gulf Coast</u>, “Historical Background of Horn and Petit Bois Islands”</strong>, Vol. II, (Mississippi Department of Marine Resources-</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Nollie Hickman, <strong><u>Mississippi&nbsp;</u></strong><strong><u>Harvest</u></strong>: <strong><u>Lumbering in the Longleaf Pine Belt</u></strong>, (Paragon Press: Montgomery, Alabama-1962).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Richebourg Gaillard McWilliams, <strong><u>Fleur de Lys and Calumet, Being the Penicaut Narrative and French Adventure in Louisiana</u></strong>, (The University of Alabama Press: Tuscaloosa, Alabama-1988).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Richebourg Gaillard McWilliams, <strong><u>Iberville’s Gulf Journals</u></strong>, (The University of Alabama Press: University, Alabama-1981).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Dunbar Rowland, <strong><u>Mississippi&nbsp;</u></strong><strong><u>Provincial Archives, Volume II, 1701-1729</u></strong>, (&nbsp; 1929)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Peter Skrmetti, <strong>Mississippi&nbsp;</strong><strong>Coast&nbsp;</strong><strong>Historical &amp; Genealogical Society</strong>, Volume 31, No. 2, (July 1995), <strong>“The Skrmetti-Skrmetta Family”.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">N.M. Miller Surrey, <strong><u>The Commerce of Louisiana During the French Regime</u></strong>, (Columbia University Press: New York-1929).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">John D. Ware, <strong><u>George Gauld: Surveyor and Cartographer of the Gulf Coast</u></strong>, (University Presses of Florida: Gainesville/Tampa-1982)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><u>REFERENCES:</u></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>AGI, PC 142-A, No. 7=Archivo General de Indias, Papeles de Cuba, legajo 142-A, Letter No. 7.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">William S. Coker, editor, <strong><u>The Military Presence on the Gulf Coast</u></strong>, (Gulf Coast History and Humanities Conference: Pensacola, Florida-1978), W. James Miller, <strong>“The Militia System of Spanish Louisiana, 1769-1783”</strong>.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">William S. Coker and G. Douglas Inglis, <strong><u>The Spanish Censuses of Pensacola, 1784-1820:&nbsp; A Genealogical Guide To Spanish Pensacola</u></strong>, (The Perido Bay Press: Pensacola, Florida-1980).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Bernardo de Galvez,<strong><u>Yo Solo, The Battle Journal of Bernardo de Galvez During the American Revolution</u></strong>, translated by E.A. Montemayor,&nbsp; (Polyanthos: New Orleans, Louisian-1978)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Jack D. Holmes, <strong><u>Honor and Fidelity: The Louisiana Infantry Regiment and the Louisiana Militia Companies, 1766-1821</u></strong>, (Holmes: Birmingham, Alabama-1965)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Jerome Lepre, <strong>Mississippi&nbsp;</strong><strong>Gulf Coast&nbsp;</strong><strong>Historical and Genealogical Society, </strong>“Solution To a Mystery? Leblanc-White-Moore-Zamora-Seymour, Vol. 31, No. 2 (July 1995).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><strong>Archival Documents</strong></em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Archivo General de Indias, Papeles de Cuba, legajo</span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>Journals</em></span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Chronicle Star, </em><strong>“Excursion boat from park to Horn Island to start on June 12”, </strong>June 10, 1938.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Chronicle Star, </em><strong>“Island trips were popular last Sunday”, </strong>June 17, 1938.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Horn Island Harbor”</strong>, December 9, 1898.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Ship Island Pass”</strong>, January 7, 1899.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Channel Buoys”</strong>, November 23, 1899.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Horn Island Be To welcome big Battleship</strong>&nbsp;[USS MISSISSIPPI]<strong>\"</strong>,May 25, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Battleship at anchorage </strong><strong>[off Horn Island]</strong><strong>”</strong>, May 31, 1909.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Horn Island Be Treasured Island”</strong>July 5, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Bidders Seek Island Land”</strong>, July 14, 1925.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Coast Guard target range on Horn Island”</strong>, April 2, 1927, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Propose gunnery range south of Horn Island”</strong>, October 10, 1941.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Horn Island was bacteriological warfare station”</strong>, January 5, 1946.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Survive Storm In Army Duck At Horn Island”</strong>, September 22, 1947.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Retired Keeper of Lighthouses Dies Suddenly”</strong>, November 26, 1955.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald,<strong>&nbsp;<strong>“Public invited to talks on Island Toll causeway</strong><strong>”</strong>,&nbsp;</strong>December 10, 1964, p. 7)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Paul Skrmetta (sic)”</strong>, June 24, 1968.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Daily Herald,</em></em><strong><em><em> </em></em>“[</strong>Land] <strong>Claims on Gulf islands lost”, S</strong>eptember 30, 1980.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Horn Island-Park Service wants to preserve its wilderness”</strong>, June 8, 1984.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Record-Tribune (Gulfport), </em><strong>“Glass Making”,</strong> December 4, 1907.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Gulf Coast Advertiser, </em>February 11, 1887.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Gulf Coast Advertiser, </em>“<strong>Light-Houses and Keepers in Pearl River Custom District”</strong><em>, </em>April 29, 1887.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Jackson County Times, </em><strong>“Gov. Buildings on Horn Island Offered for Sale”</strong>, February 15, 1947.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Mississippi Press, </em>“<strong>Horn </strong><strong>Island </strong><strong>may pose danger because of ordnance, chemicals”, </strong>April 22, 1993, p. 3A.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Moss Point Advertiser, </em><strong>“22-Foot Channel To World’s Ports”</strong>, March 19,1915.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News, </em><strong>“Horn Island Sand </strong>(an advertisement), January 23, 1909<em>.</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News, </em><strong>“Ambergris Found on Horn Island”</strong>, March 7, 1914.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News, </em><strong>“Moran named to buy tracts on Horn Island”</strong>, November 12, 1959.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs Record, </em><strong>“Settlement reached on claims to Mississippi’s barrier island land”</strong>, December 9, 1982, p. 8.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs Record, </em><strong>“Fire may help Horn Island”</strong>, July 3, 1997, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs Record, </em><strong>“Writer and photographer express passion for Horn Island”</strong>, June 9, 2005, p. B4.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, </em><strong>“The Seashore”</strong>, May 21, 1880.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, </em><strong>“Local Paragraphs”</strong>, July 9, 1880.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star<strong>, </strong></em><strong>“Local News”,</strong> May 9, 1884.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, </em><strong>“Local News”,</strong> June 6, 1884.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, </em><strong>“Bark <em>Tevere</em> Was Burned” </strong>April 8, 1881.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, </em><strong>“On Pascagoula’s Waters”, </strong>August 3, 1883.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, </em><strong>“Moonlight Excursion”</strong>, May 20, 1881.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star</em>, <strong>“Detailed Advantages of the Port of Pascagoula Over That of Ship Island”</strong><em>, </em>February 15, 1889.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, </em><strong>“Local News”</strong>, March 4, 1892.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, </em><strong>“Star-Beams”</strong>,July 6, 1877.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong>“Once an escape, ranger returns to shell of island”</strong>, September 21, 2005, p. B3.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald</em>, <strong>\"A hazardous legacy\"</strong>, August 21, 2012, p. A11.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald</em>,&nbsp;<strong>\"</strong><strong>[Range</strong><strong>r Ben Moo</strong><strong>re]</strong><strong> Leaving Horn Island\"</strong>, June 30, 2013, p. A 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Sun Herald</em>,&nbsp;<strong>\"</strong><strong>Horn Island chimney area off limits due to asbestos\"</strong>, August 30, 2014, p. A 5.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Star of Pascagoula, </em><strong>“Star-Beams”</strong>, April 13, 1877.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Star of Pascagoula, </em><strong>“Excursions”</strong>, June 29, 1877.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Star of Pascagoula, </em><strong>“Star-Beams”</strong>,July 6, 1877.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Times Picayune, </em><strong>“U.S. Frowns on Island Development”</strong>, February 3, 1980.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Times Picayune, </em><strong>“Tranquil retreat was lost to island’s secret purpose”. January 3, 1983.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Times Picayune, </em><strong>“Horn Island: Research links it to U.S. atomic project”</strong>, January 3, 1983.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Times Picayune,</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Maps</span></span></h3>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Carte Particuliere des Environs du Fort Maurepas et de la Baye des Biloxys (circa 1700).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">_______________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>SHIP ISLAND</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Ship%20Island-Fort%20Mass%20aerial-1947.png\" style=\"height:400px; width:643px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Ship Island-1947</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">[Courtesy of Kenneth Fountain and August Taconi-February 2020 from a 16mm film shot by BAY AERO, a&nbsp;seaplane flying school in North Biloxi]&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Ile-aux-Vaisseaux</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Iberville aboard <strong><em>La Badine</em></strong> anchored here 10 February 1699.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Fort Massachusetts</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Ship Island was set aside by the President for military purposes on August 30, 1847.<em>(The Daily Herald, April 22, 1940, p. 3)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>LIGHTHOUSE</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>QUARANTINE STATION</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">1887</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/Murray%2C%20Robert%20Drake%2C%20MD-Ship%20Island.jpg\" style=\"height:340px; width:250px\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Dr. Robert Drake Murray</strong> (1845-1903), native of Ohlton,&nbsp;the surgeon in charge of this station, know as the Gulf Quarantine, has had sixteen years of experience in this service. He was an Ohio soldier during the war [Civil War], and bears upon his face an ugly scar where a bullet, crushing through his right, cheek bone and putting out his eye, left for twelve years a running sore. Half blind, and never for a conscious moment free from pain, he studied medicine these years of ordeal giving him diplomas from two leading colleges, a surgeons commission in his present service in a competitive examination over forty four other applicants and a reputation for efficiency, faithfulness and usefulness of which any well man might be proud. There is no field of though and investigation in which he is not a student. His career is a signal [sic] example of the triumph of mind over matter. His family, a wife and five bright children, live with him on the island.\"(an excerpt from an 1887 article about Ship Island, Mississippi (the quarantine station) by his cousin, Moses Folsom, published in The Marion Weekly Star, Marion, Ohio)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Lillie D. Bell Murray</span></span></strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">(1863-1887)<strong> expired at Ship Island on &nbsp;August 16, 1887</strong>. &nbsp;She was the spouse of Dr. R.D. Murray of the US Marine Service and charge of the quarantine station on Ship &nbsp;Island. &nbsp;She left 5 young children to her husband.(The Pascagoula Democrat-Star, August 12, 1887)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1888</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In January, <strong>Dr. Robet D. Murray was ordered by the US Marine Hospital Service to</strong>&nbsp;Key West, Florida as his service at Ship Island quarantine station had expired. &nbsp;He died at Laredo, Texas on November 22, 1903.(The Biloxi Herald, January 21, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In February, the <strong>Mississippi House passed a bill authorizing the removal of the Ship Island Quarantine station</strong>. &nbsp;It had passed the Senate earlier. &nbsp;$45, 000 was appropriated for the removal project.(The Biloxi Herald, February 25, 1888, p. 8)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1890&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>EXCURSIONS</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Captain John Boardman was running the <em><strong><u>Relief</u></strong></em>, a steamer, to Ship Island from Biloxi for daily excursionist.&nbsp; The steamer left Biloxi at 9:00 a.m.&nbsp; Visitors were given two hours to visit Fort Massachusetts and the Ship Island Lighthouse before returning to the mainland.&nbsp; A new Mathushek piano was on board the vessel for those who enjoyed music. &nbsp;The <u><strong><em>Relief</em></strong></u> could also be chartered to make trips to other points along the Coast at reasonable rates.<em>(The Biloxi Herald, June 28, 1890, p. 4 and July 19, 1890, p. 4)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1897</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202020-02-07%20at%207.47.47%20AM.png\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">[The Biloxi Herald, August 14, 1897, p. 5]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1898&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>TELEPHONE</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Telephone Company at Biloxi had its central office connected with Ship Island on September 26th. &nbsp;Messages were received at Ship Island by Captain Dan McCall and delivered to the appropriate party. &nbsp;The cost was $.50 to call a vessel in the Ship Island anchorage and $1.00 to contact a person at the Quarantine Station.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, September 27, 1898, p. 4)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">1899</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">Whale standed</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">A <strong>whale stranded</strong> on the beach was towed by the vessel <strong><em>Leo</em></strong> to [Antonio?] <strong>Pons Wharf </strong>at Biloxi. &nbsp;Prior strandings were reported in <strong>The Daily Picayune of 1829 and 1857 at Horn Island..</strong>[The Biloxi Daily Herald, April 1, 1899, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1906</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Eaton J. Bowers&nbsp;</strong>(1865-1939), Mississippi Congressional Representative, introduced a bill on January 4th to appropriate&nbsp;<strong>$50,000 to dredge a ship channel to be 26 feet deep and 300 feet wide from Ship Island to Gulfport.</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;A separate bill was proposed by Bowers to survey a ship channel from Ship Island to Biloxi.(The Biloxi Daily Herald, January 5, 1906, p. 4)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1909</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Dr. Jacquelin A. Moncur, Marine Hospital surgeon at Ship Island, was registered yesterday at the Breslow Hotel at Biloxi. He spent his vacation one month vacation in February 1908 at Washington, D.C. (The Daily Herald, February 19, 1908, p. 1 and April 5, 1909, p. 4)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1920</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>JOE L. GRAHAM AMERICAN LEGION POST NO. 119</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Joe L. Graham American Legion Post was organized at Gulfport in August 1920.&nbsp; It was named for Joe L. Graham (1895-1918), a Private in Company 2, 28<sup>th</sup> U.S. Infantry of the American Expeditionary Force.&nbsp; Joe L. Graham enlisted in the US Army on April 12, 1917 and his ship left New Jersey for combat in France on June 10, 1917.&nbsp; He was killed in action while fighting German soldiers in France on May 29, 1918.&nbsp; Joe was the son of Walter F. Graham and Lucy D. Graham.<em>(The Daily Herald, July 3, 1918, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Houston Hewes Evans (1895-1930+), Gulfport attorney and Representative from Harrison County to the State legislature, organized the founding of the Joe L. Graham Post 119. He was elected temporary chairman at its August 1920 meeting at Gulfport with the following charter members: F.C. Selby; Cliff Murphy; L.H. Myers; C.C. Gaston; George P. Hopkins; E.E. Williams; R.C. Newby; Lee Clark; H.H. Evans; Dean P. Woleben; Dr. D.A. Hilton; A.F. Franklin; R.C. Cottingim; and A.E. Kramer.<em>(The Daily Herald, November 28, 1919, p. 3 and August 12, 1920, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1926</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1930</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Harrison County, Mississippi Board of Supervisors authorized the acquistion of 1200 acres at Ship Island in May 1930 for $17,837.50.<em>(The Daily Herald, May 6, 1930, p. 1)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1933</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">After Public Law No. 60-73<sup>rd</sup> Congress was passed in 1933, the Joe L. Graham American Legion Post 119 acquired Ship Island in September 1933, from the Federal government for $15,000.&nbsp; At this time, Ship Island was divided into three parcels and contained about 1260 acres.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 119, p. 197)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Acquired approximately 1260 acres, excluding reservations of the light house and the quarantine station.&nbsp; Built a recreation facility in 1934 which was open to the public in April 1934.&nbsp; Luther W. Maples was in charge of this project.<em>(The Daily Herald, April 19, 1934, p. 8)</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Excursion trips</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In June 1935, Peter Skrmetta began ferrying tourists to Ship Island on the <strong><em>President Roosevelt</em></strong>, a power boat. &nbsp;Skrmetta ran to the island three times daily making stops commencing at the Baltar Pier at the Hotel Biloxi and White House Piers, twice daily.(The Daily Herald, june 27, 1935, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Pan American Clipper</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The&nbsp;<strong><u><em>Pan American Clipper</em></u></strong>, a $15,000, diesel powered, excursion boat, recently completed by Toche Brothers Shipyard on East Beach, has been operating for several weeks between Biloxi and Ship Island with Captain Peter Skrmetta at the helm. &nbsp;The vessel was built for the Mavar Fish and Oyster Company and runs at 12 mph. &nbsp;The boats runs from her main landing at the foot of Delaunay Street [Baltar Pier?] and makes stops at the Buena Vista, Hotel Biloxi, and White House piers&nbsp;<strong>on its regular schedule of three trips daily</strong>.(The Daily Herald, March 30, 1937, p. 3, May 29, 1937, p. 6, and June 25, 1938, p. 3)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Ship Island Memorial and Playground Development and Luther Maples</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In October 1941, Joe Graham Post 119 named Luther Maples (1890-1971) as director of the Ship Island Memorial and Playground Development.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 389, p. 458)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Ship Island Fort Incorporated</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Leased the west end of Ship Island to <strong>Peter Skrmetta </strong>in 1945.&nbsp; Renewed lease in January 1950.(Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 389, p. 40)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>Gulf Clipper</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, &quot;Trebuchet MS&quot;; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center; caret-color: rgb(14, 75, 126); color: rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family: &quot;Open Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"https://biloxihistoricalsociety.org/sites/default/files/inline/images/Screen%20Shot%202019-02-09%20at%2010.12.52%20AM.png\" style=\"-webkit-box-shadow:rgb(0, 0, 0) 0em 0em 0em; border:0px; box-shadow:rgb(0, 0, 0) 0em 0em 0em; box-sizing:border-box; cursor:pointer; display:inline-block; height:auto; max-height:400px; max-width:500px; vertical-align:middle\" /></div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"rtecenter\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center; caret-color: rgb(14, 75, 126); color: rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family: &quot;Open Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><u><em><strong>Gulf Clipper</strong></em></u></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(14, 75, 126); color: rgb(14, 75, 126); font-family: &quot;Open Sans&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">The&nbsp;<u><strong><em>Gulf Clipper</em></strong></u>&nbsp;was launched at the Tony Jack Covacevich SY on Back Bay. &nbsp;She was built by <strong>Oral Covacevich</strong> for&nbsp;<strong>Marko Skrmetta</strong>&nbsp;for the family&nbsp;Ship Island tour&nbsp;business. The boat was 60-feet in length with a beam of 23-feet and of 63 gross tons with the capacity to&nbsp;transport&nbsp;250-passengers. &nbsp;<strong>Peter Skrmetta</strong>&nbsp;was to captain the vessel. &nbsp;This watercraft&nbsp;l was sold to&nbsp;<strong>Ben L. Herndon</strong>&nbsp;of Corpus Christi, Texas in July 1952. It was used to haul tourists&nbsp;to Padre Island from Corpus Christi.[</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">The Daily Herald, June 1, 1946, p. 2 and July 31, 1952, p. 2 and The Corpus Christi&nbsp;</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">Caller-Times. August&nbsp;</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">17,</span><span style=\"background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family:georgia,serif; font-size:14px\">&nbsp;1952, p. 29</span></span></div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>UDC 1963 Memorial</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">United Daughters of the Confederacy acquired one-acre on Ship Island in 1933.&nbsp; Selected Memorial site in November 1963.&nbsp; Sold one-acre to Federal government in November 1972. (Harrison Co., Mississippi Land Deed Bk. 530, p. 475 and 2<sup>nd</sup> JD Land Deed Bk. 45, p. 319)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">1954-Proposed Causeway</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The House Ways and Means committee of the<strong>&nbsp;state legislature approved a bill to authorize construction of a causeway comnnecting Ship and Horn Islands&nbsp;</strong>with&nbsp;the Mississippi Gulf Coast.[The Daily Herald, April 16, 1954, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1964</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In September, the <strong>State of Mississippi sought for $25,000 to acquire 190-acres</strong> on the east end of Ship Island from the Federal government. &nbsp;This tract had been used by KAFB for recreational purposes of its military personnel. &nbsp;By mid-December, the <strong>US</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Congress removed barriers to sell a portion of Ship Island to the Mississippi State Park Commission&nbsp;.</strong>(The Daily Herald, September 18, 1964, p. 1 and December 12, 1964, p. 1)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\">1965</span></span></strong></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><strong>Mayor Guice speaks out to save Fort Massachusetts.</strong>[The Daily Herald, November 13, 1965, p. 1]</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1967</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Save The Fort Inc.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Founded circa 1967 by M. James Stevens et al to protect Fort Massachusetts from eroding tidal currents and wave action. &nbsp;A wall was built circa 1968&nbsp;around the fort to protect it from tidal and longshore currents. &nbsp; In 1977, Save The Fort Inc. was lauded for its preservation effortd at the 11th Annual Military History Conference held at Fort Monroe, Virginia.&nbsp;(The Daily Herald, May 4, 1977, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>1969 Hurricane Camille</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In August 1969, Hurricane Camille created the ‘Camille Cut’, which divided the island into East and West Ship Island.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Lighthouse Fire</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The 1885 Ship Island lighthouse caught fire on June 27th. &nbsp;The 73-foot wooden tower was consumed by the conflagration leaving only the concrete foundation.(The Daily Herald, June 28, 1972, p. 2)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>GINS</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In December 1972, Joe Graham sold Ship Island to Federal government for $102,000.&nbsp; Three tracts containing to 673.60 acres.(Harrison Co., Mississippi 2<sup>nd</sup> JD Land Deed Bk. 34, p. 117)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>REFERENCES:</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>Books</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Edwin C. Bearss, <u><strong>Historic Resources Study-Ship Island, Harrison County, Mississippi Gulf Islands Natioal Seashore-Florida/Mississippi</strong></u>, (US Department of the Interior-National Park Service: Denver Service Center-1984).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Anna-Lena Berg, <strong>Blood on the Ocean-The Forgotten True Story of the <u><em>Veronica </em></u>Mutiny </strong>[Ship Island-October 1902], Countyvise Ltd.,United Kngdom-2012, 287 pages.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Luther Maples, <strong><u>Camp Fires of Ship Island</u></strong>, (Gulfport Printing Company: Gulfport, Mississippi-1936).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Theresa Arnold-Scriber and Terry G. Scriber, <u><strong>Ship Island, Mississippi-Rosters and History of the Civil War Prison</strong></u>, (McFarland &amp; Company, Inc.-Jefferson, North Carolina-2008).</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>Chancery Court</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Harrison County, Mississippi Chancery Court Cause No. 33575, ‘Paul Skremetta v. Joe Graham American Legion Post No. 119’-Ocotber 1953.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>Journals</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald,</em><strong>“Quarantine Station”</strong>, February 15, 1888.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“The future of Biloxi”</strong>, February 22, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Local Happenings”</strong>, June 28, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“The Bar at Ship Island”</strong>, July 12, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Ho! For Ship Island”</strong>, July 19, 1890.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Herald, </em><strong>“Ship Island Harbor”</strong>, April 23, 1892.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Ship Island Quarantine”</strong>, January 1, 1898.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily &nbsp;Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Local and Personal”</strong>, September 27, 1898.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily &nbsp;Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Ship Island Pass”</strong>, January 7, 1899, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Biloxi Daily &nbsp;Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“City News”</strong>, January 5, 1906.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Personal”</strong>, April 5, 1909.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Kiln sends five men to the ranks”</strong>, April 13, 1917.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Bar Association holds Memorial in honor fallen Gulfport soldier”</strong>, July 3, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Maccabees hold Memorial service”</strong>, July 9, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“American Legion Post for Gulfport”</strong>, November 28, 1919.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Gulfport to have American Legion”</strong>, August 12, 1920.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“American Legion to meet Tuesday”</strong>, August 23, 1920.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“American Legion meeting postponed”</strong>, August 24, 1920.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Bar Association holds Memorial in honor fallen Gulfport soldier”</strong>, July 3, 1918.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Memorial exercises at Ship Island”</strong>, May 30, 1930.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Harrison County purchase of Ship Island authorized by Board of Supervisors”</strong>, May 6, 1930.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Captain Pete Eskald dies; burial set Thursday”</strong>, June 21, 1944, p. 7.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtejustify\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Favor Island development”</strong>, June 10, 1933.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Congress approves Bill authorizing Ship Island sale”</strong>, June 14, 1933.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Work starts on Island”</strong>, December 18, 1933.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Maples tells Island plans”</strong>, April 19, 1934.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Legion to open Ship Island to the Public again this week-end”</strong>, April 19, 1934.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Legion to open its Island Resort to public Sunday”</strong>, April 26, 1935, p. 9.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Veterans go to Ship Island”</strong>, October 5, 1935, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Captain Pete Eskald once owned Ship Island gun but couldn’t move it”</strong>, July 8, 1937.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Ship Island bill passed by</strong> [Ms.]<strong> Senate”</strong>, April 18, 1940, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Seek to clarify Ship Island title”</strong>, April 22, 1940.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Chinese casket found on Ship Island”</strong>, June 16, 1942, p. 8.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“CG</strong> [Coast Guard]&nbsp;<strong>firing area off Ship Island”</strong>, December 29, 1942, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,<strong>Hears report </strong>[American Legion Joe Graham Post development plans] <strong>on Ship Island</strong>,<strong>”</strong>, November 8, 1946, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Ship Island shore gradually moving nearer fort”</strong>, March 31, 1949, p. 10.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Core drilling on proposed Causeway get underway to determine foundation”</strong>, August 13, 1954, p. 1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Causeways-Pro and Cons”</strong>, November 27, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Group will negotiate for islands”</strong>,&nbsp;November 29, 1954.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Development of Ship Island still in works”</strong>,&nbsp;October 23, 1961.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Ship Island and Recreation”</strong>,&nbsp;August 14, 1964, p. 4.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“State seeking to buy acreage on Ship Island”</strong>,&nbsp;September 18, 1964, p. 1</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Know Your State-Never has its </strong>[15 inch Rodman cannon<strong>] bass voice been heard”</strong>,&nbsp;September 18, 1964, p. 4.</span></span></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,</em><strong>&nbsp;<strong>“Public invited to talks on Island Toll causeway</strong><strong>”</strong>,&nbsp;</strong>December 10, 1964, p. 7.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Congress acts-Way is cleared for sale of Ship Island”</strong>, December 12, 1964.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,&nbsp;<strong>\"Make proposal on Bridges to Islands\",&nbsp;</strong>December 16, 1965, p. 1.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n<span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,&nbsp;<strong>“Three persons&nbsp;rescued in Gulf at&nbsp;Ship Island”</strong>, July 18, 1966, p. 22.</span></span></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n<span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,<em>&nbsp;</em><strong>“Marine </strong><strong>[USMCR 2nd Amphibian Tractor Company-Gulfport]</strong><strong> training on Ship Island”</strong>, September 17, 1966, p. 10.</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Daily Herald, </em></em><strong>“Wife\'s husband lived on Ship Island as boy”</strong>, March 16, 1968.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald, </em><strong>“Family Court Judge </strong>[Luther W. Maples]&nbsp;<strong>dies”</strong>, January 4, 1971.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,<em>&nbsp;</em><strong>“Ship Island Lighthouse burns”</strong>, June 28, 1972, p. 2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,<em>&nbsp;</em><strong>“Save the Fort, Inc. honored for efforts”</strong>, May 4, 1977, p. A-2.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,<em><strong>“[</strong>Land] </em><em><strong>Claims on Gulf islands lost</strong></em><em><strong>”</strong></em><em><strong>, S</strong>eptember 30, 1980.</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<div><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,</span></span></div>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Daily Herald</em>,</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Hearing called on study of bridges for islands”</strong>, December 10. 1964.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs News,&nbsp;</em><strong>“Bridge to Ship Island should start at Biloxi”</strong>, April 1, 1965.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs Record, <strong><strong>“Ship Island study started”</strong>, </strong></em>December 21, 1972, p. 5. </span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs Record,<strong> <strong>“Ship Island under Federal ownership”</strong>, </strong></em>January 4, 1973, p. 6. </span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs Record,<strong> <strong>“Ship Island under control of Gulf Islands Seashore”</strong>, </strong>January 4, 1973, p. 7. </em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>The Ocean Springs Record,<strong>&nbsp;</strong></em><strong><em>“Four generations</em></strong><em> [Skrmetta family] <strong>span Ship Island”</strong></em><em><strong>,&nbsp;</strong>April 8, 1999, p. 14.</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Ocean Springs Record,</em><strong> <strong>\"Re-nourishment protects Fort\"</strong>, </strong>December 1, 2011. p. 2.&nbsp;</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong><strong>“Islands Resilient To Natural Forces”</strong>, </strong>May 30, 1989.</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong><strong>“Federal agencies try to save Ship Island”</strong>, S</strong></em>eptember 29, 2011.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong><strong>“Dredging to rejoin Ship Islands begins”</strong>, S</strong></em>eptember 30, 2011.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Sun Herald, </em><strong><strong>“Ship Island erosion worst in recent memory”</strong>, </strong></em>March 2,&nbsp;2012.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Sun&nbsp;Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong><strong>“Unidentified man\'s body found floating near Ship Island”</strong>,&nbsp;</strong></em>July 30,&nbsp;2013, p. A-1.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Sun Herald,</em><strong><em>&nbsp;</em><strong>“First Mardi Gras on the Coast may have been on Ship Island”</strong>, </strong></em>March 3,&nbsp;2014, p. C-3.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em><em>The Sun Herald,&nbsp;</em><strong><strong>“Ship Island Excursion contract extended 10 years”</strong>, February 24, 2015, p. A-6.</strong></em>.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">______________________________________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>MISSISSIPPI&nbsp;EXPORT TIMBER AND THE SHIP ISLAND BAR PILOTS: </strong>1875-1902</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>Sunset and evening star,</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>And one clear call for me!</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>And may there be no moaning of the bar,</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>When I put out to sea,</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>Tennyson</em></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Although the early European explorers and adventurers failed to find gold and other mineral wealth in the strata of the Gulf Coastal plain of the southern United States, there was indeed an inestimable natural treasure in the guise of virgin forests which waited to be exploited.&nbsp; In particular was the longleaf pine, which is also called the southern pine, heart pine, yellow pine, and long straw pine.&nbsp; This tree often grew to a height of 95-100 feet with a diameter of 3-3 1/2 feet.&nbsp; It was characterized by rising 60 feet without a single branch before expanding into its evergreen crown.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In Mississippi, most of the longleaf country is located between the Pearl River and Alabama border.&nbsp; The northern perimeter of this sylvan expanse is Copiah, Rankin, Lauderdale, Newton, Scott, and Kemper Counties.&nbsp; The longleaf pine tree grows primarily on sandy soils and thrives in&nbsp;terrain which has a generally rolling topography with broad, dry plateaus cut occasionally by hollows and streams.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The early French colonist in coastal Mississippi utilized the tall, straight, tapering longleaf and slash pines for masts and spars for their sailing vessels.&nbsp; A few small sawmills were built to process lumber for export to their Caribbean island possessions.&nbsp; Later the English and Spanish developed lumbering and naval store industries.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Before the Civil War, a thriving lumber business existed in Hancock County.&nbsp; Early sawmill sites were at Pearlington, Logtown, Napoleon, and Gainesville on the Pearl River.&nbsp; These sites were selected because at this time there was no railroad or roads in the area and logs had to be brought to the mills by water from the interior forest, and shipped to outside markets by schooners and brigs.&nbsp; The industry in Harrison and Jackson Counties developed slower, but significant sawmills developed on the Pascagoula and Escatawpa Rivers in Jackson and at Bayou Bernard in Harrison&nbsp;County.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In the decades following the Civil War, the lumber industry expanded rapidly in South Mississippi.&nbsp; This expansion was due to the discovery of foreign markets by the mill owners.&nbsp; Up to 1870, the market was confined chiefly to Mexico, the Caribbean area, and New Orleans with minor shipments to large Atlantic seaboard cities and Europe.&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">With this brief background as an introduction, the role of Ship Island and the bar pilots who guided large sailing vessels and steamships into safe anchorage in the Mississippi Sound will be presented to demonstrate their role in the development of the historic Mississippi lumber industry.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">As Pierre LeMoyne discovered in February 1699, large draft vessels could not sail in the Mississippi Sound due to its shallow depth.&nbsp; In fact, one has to go as far east as Mobile and Pensacola to find natural navigational channels conducive for the navigation of large ships.&nbsp; When foreign flag vessels came calling to Mississippi ports to export timber in the decades following the Civil War, they were limited to two areas, Ship Island and Horn Island, because of water depth.&nbsp; An insurance company in 1896, when rating Gulf Coast ports said this:&nbsp;<strong><em>Pensacola is rate A, 21 feet, meaning that that is the safe depth of water.&nbsp; Mobile 21 feet and Horn Island 18 feet, with no limit to Ship Island</em></strong>.(<em>The Biloxi Herald February 29, 1896, p. 8</em>)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Also in 1896, a Legislative committee from the State senate and house who were studying the advisability of each coast point as a potential deepwater port were given a thorough tour of the Mississippi Gulf Coast.&nbsp; One of their outings was the sounding of the Mississippi Sound from&nbsp;Gulfport to Ship Island.&nbsp; The results of this occasion were recorded as follows: &nbsp;<strong><em>The cutter headed for Gulfport and reached there about 11:30 a.m., where preparations were made for soundings.&nbsp; The gig was launched and a party, among whom was Louis Bowen, put off to about three-quarters of a mile from the shore of Gulfport, where six feet of water was found.&nbsp; The party continued sounding at intervals of a quarter mile, and as they went on to six miles off Gulfport they gradually found the depth at that point to be sixteen feet, and this was in what is known as the \"pocket\".&nbsp; Finally after running thirteen miles, the last sounding brought the cutter into Ship Island harbor.&nbsp; Here the water was from thirty to thirty five-feet</em></strong>.(<em>The Biloxi Herald February 29, 1896, p. 8</em>)</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Ship Island became the principal port for the shipment of timber and deals from the coastal counties of Mississippi.&nbsp; Biloxi was the official port of entry as the Custom House had been moved there in 1852, from Shieldsboro (Bay St. Louis).&nbsp; Permanent settlement of Ship Island was discouraged by the threat of hurricanes and the paucity of trees although some exist on the eastern end of the island.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Ship Island lies 10-12 miles offshore in the Mississippi Sound.&nbsp; The island is approximately seven miles long and about one half mile wide striking in an east-northeasterly direction.&nbsp; The beaches and dunes are composed of quartz sand with dune elevations ranging from 10 to 18 feet.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The western terminus of the island is reported to have a high concentration of heavy minerals principally staurolite and kyanite.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Ship Island Harbor, the salient physiographic feature, which lends great value to the island, is located at its extreme northwest end.&nbsp; This natural harbor lies 400-1500 feet from the northshore in the Mississippi Sound.&nbsp; This subaqueous depression has an area of about 45 acres (3300&nbsp;feet x 600 feet) with a water depth greater than 30 feet.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Entrance to this haven is reached via a fairly narrow channel known as Ship Island Pass.&nbsp; The linear axis of this channel is about 1000 feet west of the western bound of Ship Island.&nbsp; The pass has an average width of 1000 feet within the 30-foot isobath.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The primary obstacle to navigation in order to success fully reach anchorage at Ship Island Harbor is the Ship Island Bar.&nbsp; This submarine sand dune is 1 1/2 - 2 miles long and generally strikes northwest.&nbsp; It averages about 700 feet in width.&nbsp; Its location is 3/4 to 1 mile SSW from the&nbsp;western terminus of Ship Island.&nbsp; Water depth shoals to 20 feet from about 25 feet in the surrounding waters.&nbsp; Once this bar is negotiated, entry into Ship Island Pass is gained, and a voyage of only 1 1/4 nautical miles is necessary to reach the anchorage at Ship Island Harbor.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Ship Island Bar demanded only experienced seamen who knew the daily conditions of the tides, currents, and wave action that prevailed in that Ship Island local.&nbsp; The men who performed the task of negotiating the bar were called bar pilots.&nbsp; Their charge was the safe navigation of large, ocean going vessels from the open Gulf of Mexico south of Ship Island across the Ship Island bar through Ship Island Pass into Ship Island Harbor.&nbsp; A safe return voyage to the Gulf completed the nautical circuit.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Legislature of the State of Mississippi on December 23, 1874, approved an act titled Chapter III.&nbsp; Chapter III read as follows:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>CHAPTER III</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"rtecenter\"><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>AN ACT to create a Board of Pilot Commissioners for Ship Island Harbor and Mississippi Sound.</strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Section 1.&nbsp; Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Mississippi, That it is hereby made the duty of the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to nominate and appoint three citizens of this State, one of whom shall reside at Biloxi, one at Mississippi City, and&nbsp;the other at Pass Christian, in Harrison County, to be named and styled \"The Board of Pilot Commissioners for Ship Island Harbor and Mississippi Sound,\" who shall hold their offices for the term of six years, and until their successors are appointed and qualified; and they shall take and subscribe the oath of office required by the Constitution of this State, and file the same in the office of the Chancery Clerk of Harrison County.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Section 2.&nbsp; Be it further enacted, That two of said Com-missioners shall constitute a quorum for any business, and they shall have power to grant licenses to pilots for Ship Island Pass and all other passes leading into the Mississippi Sound, and there shall not be less than four pilots for said Pass and Sound, if such number shall apply for license and shall be qualified for such office and duty.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Section 3.&nbsp; Be it further enacted, That every such pilot shall take and subscribe an oath as such pilot, and give a bond in the penal sum of one thousand dollars, with good and sufficient security, payable to the State of Mississippi, for the faithful performance of their duties as pilots, which bond shall be approved by said Board of Commissioners; and such bond shall be renewed every two years; such pilots, when they board any vessel coming into Ship Island Harbor, outside of the Pass, shall, if the vessel draws more than eight feet of water, be entitled to half pilotage, and any vessel going out of said Pass, drawing more than ten feet of water, shall pay half pilotage, if any pilot offers to take her out; that for piloting vessels in or out of Harbor or Sound, such pilots&nbsp;shall be entitled to not over three dollars per foot.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Section 4.&nbsp; Be it further enacted, That said Board of Pilot Commissioners shall make and publish such by-laws, rules and regulations, and impose fines and forfeitures for neglect of duty, and revoke licenses of (for) incompetency or intemperance.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Section 5.&nbsp; Be it further enacted, That any pilot removing any vessel from said Harbor or Sound, while such vessel is in charge of any civil officer, by virtue of process from any court of record of this State, or the United States, shall forfeit his license and be ever afterwards disqualified as a pilot, and subject to a fine of not less than one hundred dollars nor more than five hundred dollars, to be recovered in any court of competent jurisdiction, in a quitam action, one half for the benefit of the informer and the other half for the benefit of the Common School Fund of this State.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Section 6.&nbsp; Be it further enacted, That said Pilot Commissioners are authorized and empowered to elect or appoint a Harbor Master for said Harbor and Sound, and it is made the duty of all vessels arriving in said Harbor or Sound in ballast, to report to said Harbor Master, who shall designate and prescribe what shall be done with such ballast, subject to such rules and regulations as may be adopted by said Pilot Commissioners; and any vessel failing or neglecting to make such reports, and make such disposition of her ballast as the Harbor Master may direct, shall be fined in&nbsp;the sum of one thousand dollars, collectable by said Pilot Commissioners, in any court of competent jurisdiction, for the benefit of the Common School Fund of this State.&nbsp; Said Harbor Master shall be entitled to a fee of five dollars for his services in each case, to be paid by the vessel making report to him.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Section 7.&nbsp; Be it further enacted, That said Board of Pilot Commissioners shall keep a record of all their acts and doings, so that all persons may know the same, and said Board shall have an office at Mississippi City.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Section 8.&nbsp; Be it further enacted, That if any person shall act as a pilot without a license granted by said Board of Pilot Commissioners, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than one thousand dollars, nor less than one hundred&nbsp;dollars, for the benefit of the Common School Fund of this State.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Section 9.&nbsp; Be it further enacted, That the fees of said Commissioners shall be, for every license granted to a pilot, ten dollars; for taking bond and affidavit and filing same, two dollars and fifty cents; and for copies of their records and proceedings, for each hundred words, twenty five&nbsp;cents; and for certificate to same, fifty cents.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Section 10.&nbsp; Be it further enacted, That all laws in conflict with this Act be and the same are hereby repealed, and this Act shall go into force and effect from and after its passage.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">With this legislation in place, the Ship Island bar pilots began their duties in 1875.&nbsp; They were the first civilians to occupy former military buildings on the island, when the Pilot\'s Station was established.&nbsp; Life as a bar pilot must have been interesting.&nbsp; They were exposed to people from almost every seafaring nation of the planet.&nbsp; Ships flying the flag of Great Britain, Norway, Sweden, Germany, France, Russia, and the United States crossed the Ship Island Bar to load timber.&nbsp; The boats of Norway and Sweden hauled the majority of cargo for foreign ports, while the coastal trading was handled by American vessels.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Although the cultural exposure provided by foreign crews must have been stimulating, the constant threat of yellow fever, small pox, plague, and other contagious tropical diseases probably dampened social contact.&nbsp; By 1881, a Yellow Fever Quarantine Station was operating near the&nbsp;center of the island to protect the mainland against all contagions.&nbsp; An excerpt from <em>The Biloxi Herald</em> of July 7, 1881 demonstrates the serious nature of those involved in the yellow fever battle: &nbsp;<strong><em>Persons who do not wish to remain in quarantine five or ten days had better fight shy of the Quarantine Station on Ship Island.&nbsp; Dr. Carter\'s motto is absolute non-intercourse and he means to carry it out.&nbsp; One day this week a party of four run into Quarantine grounds and when ordered to come to an anchor by the Quarantine officer they refused to do so.&nbsp; They were promptly brought to by rifles and placed in quarantine for five days.&nbsp; The captain of the yacht is known as \" Red Bill\".&nbsp; Biloxi and the entire coast is to be congratulated on having such an able and determined gentleman in charge of the station at Ship Island.</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">It was standard practice for the crew of the ship and pilot to remain in quarantine for the prescribed time, which could be as long as fifteen days.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The Ship Island bar pilots were well organized and regulated.&nbsp; They had a Pilot\'s Association for the licensed members, which was organized about 1880.&nbsp; The rules and regulations were provided by the Board of Pilot\'s Commissioners for Ship Island Harbor.&nbsp; In a document titled <strong>Pilots\' Laws and Regulations Ship Island Harbor, Mississippi</strong>- H.C. James, Harbor Master, May 5, 1893, the following rules for pilots is given:</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 1.&nbsp; That any licensed pilot who shall take or bring a steamer or vessel into port shall be entitled to take her out, and any other pilot taking out such steamer or vessel shall forfeit the full amount of pilotage to the pilot rejected, and the captain owners thereof shall be bound to pay to the pilot rejected the fees established by law, unless the master aforesaid shall show good cause tothe contrary, which shall be satisfactory to the Board of Pilot Commissioners.&nbsp; That all vessels on being ready for sea are required to pay their pilotage on shore at Biloxi.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 2.&nbsp; That all steamers or vessels entering said harbor, or leaving the same, shall be subject to pay to any licensed pilot performing on board, at the rate of three dollars per foot, or to the pilot who shall first speak to any steamer or vessel entering or leaving said harbor shall, if the vessel draws more than seven (7) feet of water, be entitled to half pilotage, and any vessel going out of&nbsp; said harbor drawing more than eight (8) feet of water, shall pay half pilotage, if any pilot offers to take her out.&nbsp; This rule shall apply to all steamers and vessels, whether owned by citizens of this State or not.&nbsp; That all steamers or vessels carrying the regular United States mail shall pay half&nbsp;pilotage only.&nbsp; That all steamers or vessels drawing less than (7) feet of water, and having a coastwise license, shall be exempt from paying whole or half pilotage, unless they employ a pilot.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 3.&nbsp; That pilots on any of the bars of said harbor, in addition to the qualifications as pilots now required by law, shall hereafter be required to have served a regular apprenticeship of two years on some pilot boat on any such bars; Provided, That on such bars as have no regular pilot&nbsp;boats the provisions of this rule shall not apply.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 4.&nbsp; Pilots shall forfeit their authority as such for more than 24 hours absence from their several bars, except in case of sickness.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 5.&nbsp; That whenever any vessel is ready for the sea the pilot who brought her in shall have notice, and if such notice cannot be given personally it shall be given by hoisting a jack at the foremast-head twenty-four hours before leaving; when if the pilot signalized does not come&nbsp;on board, the master may take the first pilot that may offer.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 6.&nbsp; No pilot shall be interested directly or indirectly in the earnings of more than two pilot boats, or more than one partnership or pilots.&nbsp; No combination or partnership of pilots shall exist unless sanctioned by the Board of Commissioners.&nbsp; Any pilot violating this rule maybedeprived of his license and forfeit a sum to be determined by a majority of the commissioners.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 7.&nbsp; Any pilot bringing a vessel into the harbor who shall fail to bring such vessel to, during the existence of quarantine regulations at quarantine buoy, unless visited by the port physician, shall be deemed guilty of misconduct, and shall be either suspended from his duties as pilot or shall forfeit his license.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 8.&nbsp; The Pilot Commissioners shall have power to revoke the license of any pilot for misbehavior, neglect of duty, or drunkenness, or any other cause detrimental to the interest or navigation.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 9.&nbsp; Any person who shall act as a pilot for any of the passes leading into said harbor without a license from the Board of Pilot Commissioners shall be fined not less than one hundred dollars nor more than three hundred dollars for each and every offense, recoverable before any court of competent jurisdiction in this State.&nbsp; Said fine to be paid for the benefit of the common school fund of this State.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 10.&nbsp; Any pilot who shall be detained at quarantine station on board any vessel, shall be entitled to receive three dollars per day for every day so detained, which amount must be paid by the vessel he piloted into quarantine.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 11.&nbsp; Section 2259, Code 1892, provides that the charges for piloting at Ship Island Harbor and passes shall not exceed four dollars per foot.&nbsp; It is hereby ordered by the Board of Commissioners that all vessels drawing eighteen feet or more shall pay for pilotage four dollars per foot and all vessels of less draught than eighteen feet shall pay three dollars per foot.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Rule 12.&nbsp; It is further ordered by the Board of Commissioners that the per diem of port wardens for Ship Island Harbor is hereby fixed at ten dollars.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">The bark was the most common sailing vessel employed in the export lumber trade.&nbsp; It was a three masted ship with a square rig on the first and second mast.&nbsp; These ships were 250-300 feet in length with 40-50 foot beams and drew 15-20 feet of water when loaded.&nbsp; An article appearing in the March 10, 1900, issue of <em>The Biloxi Herald</em> told of a record set at Ship Island.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong><em>The British ship Record</em></strong><strong><em>, Captain McNutt, for Liverpool laden with limber, broke the record at this port yesterday, having went out loaded to a depth of 23 feet.&nbsp; Messieurs H.C. James and Antoine Bellande piloted her out, and she was cleared by Patterson and Downing (probably a tugboat firm).&nbsp; The </em></strong><strong><em>Recordis 1722 tons burden and is the biggest vessel that has ever crossed the bar.&nbsp; The fact is worthy to note because it indicates Biloxi (Ship Island) has the deepest water of any port on the Gulf Coast outside of Pensacola, and shows great advantage and importance as a seaport.&nbsp; The record is one to be proud of.</em></strong></span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&nbsp;</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">In the early 1890s steamships began to replace sailing vessels in the lumber trade.&nbsp; By 1895, twenty-five per cent of the export business was handled by steamers.&nbsp; Lumber shipping was a seasonal business affected primarily by the weather.&nbsp; The dry seasons, summer and fall, were times for cutting and hauling logs.&nbsp; The logs were stored on the banks of creeks and rivers to wait for high water created by the rains of winter and spring to float them to the mill.&nbsp; The teredo worm, a saltwater inhabitant, which destroys lumber, caused the sawn timber to be shipped before the waters of the Gulf became too warm, the condition conducive for their growth.&nbsp; Thus, late winter and early spring were very busy times at Ship Island.&nbsp; Unfortunately this is the time of the year that extratropical fronts from the northwest and north pass through the area.&nbsp; The winds and storms brought by these frontal passages created loading problems for exporters as the Ship Island Harbor is exposed on the north.&nbsp; This compelled merchants to insure their timber.</span></span></p>\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family:georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Timber was towed to Ship Island on rafts or lighters (large barges) by steam tugboats.&nbsp; The average size lighter cargo was about 42,000 cubic feet and the round trip cost was $50.&nbsp; The barks and steamers in Ship Island Harbor were loaded by stevedores using hand-operated winches that&nbsp;often lifted timbers two feet square and sixty to seventy feet in length.&nbs